Software Testing Principles

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Questions and Answers

What is a key advantage of using decision tables in programming?

They require a strict order of conditions to function effectively.
They simplify the modeling of complicated logic by associating conditions with actions. (correct)
They replace the need for if-then-else statements entirely.
They are less effective than switch-case statements in clarity.

In what context is logic-based testing considered structural testing?

When it is based on the end-user's requirements.
When it assesses the program's performance under load.
When it is applied to the control flow graph of an implementation. (correct)
When testing the user interface of an application.

Which statement best describes how the order of executing actions in a satisfied rule impacts programming logic?

The order must always follow a fixed pattern for the program to work.
The order of actions can fundamentally change the outcome of the program.
Certain orders can lead to more efficient execution without affecting the outcome.
The order is generally immaterial and does not affect the logic. (correct)

What is one primary use of decision tables?

To specify complex program logic and generate corresponding test cases. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is FALSE about decision tables?

They always present conditions in a specific order for efficiency. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Integration Testing?

To ensure the software works smoothly when integrated with other components (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of performing Integration Testing early in the development process?

It allows for faster bug detection and resolution (B) Signup and view all the answers

What types of issues can Integration Testing help identify?

Internal issues like parameter mismatches (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which area is NOT typically focused on during Integration Testing?

User interface design flaws (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor increases the complexity of Integration Testing?

The number of integrated modules and their interactions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of testing is typically faster than end-to-end testing?

Integration Testing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a problem area related to external interactions in Integration Testing?

I/O timing and wrong interrupt handlers (B) Signup and view all the answers

How can Integration Testing reduce the risk of software failure?

By identifying interaction problems early (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of decision table allows for multiple values in conditions?

Extended Entry Decision Tables (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of decision tables, what does an action entry represent?

A specific operation to be performed (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of the decision table development methodology?

Analyze the user interface (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a don’t care value in decision tables?

To specify that a condition can be ignored (A) Signup and view all the answers

When should the decision-table model be used?

When the rules can be clearly converted to a decision table (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical characteristic of using a decision table for rules?

Satisfaction of one rule negating the need for further evaluation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which entry type would you use for conditions that only allow true or false values?

Limited Entry Decision Tables (B) Signup and view all the answers

How can decision tables be simplified during development?

By consolidating similar actions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of scaffolding in software testing?

To create a framework for unit testing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes white box testing?

Testing with knowledge of the internal workings of the software (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of basis path testing?

To ensure every statement in a program is executed at least once (C) Signup and view all the answers

What function does a driver serve in the software testing framework?

To act as a main program that processes test-case data (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does an independent path in a flow graph introduce?

A new set of processing statements or a new condition (B) Signup and view all the answers

During testing, a stub is used to:

Simulate the behavior of a subordinate module (A) Signup and view all the answers

What represents the flow of control in a flow graph?

Arrows or links (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about white box testing is FALSE?

It examines the behavior of the software without knowing the source code. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an independent path based on the given paths?

1-2-3-6-8-9-10-1-11 (C), 1-2-3-6-7-9-10-1-11 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What maps a flowchart into a corresponding flow graph?

A sequence of process boxes and decision diamonds (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines when software testing is considered 'done'?

It is subjective and can vary based on multiple factors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions should be taken as part of the white box testing process?

Analyze the flow of data through the program (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is a flow graph node described?

Each represents one or more procedural statements. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about edges in a flow graph is correct?

Edges are analogous to flowchart arrows. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is regarded as a basis set for a flow graph?

A set of independent paths that introduce new edges. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the path 1-2-3-4-5-10-1-2-3-6-8-9-10-1-11?

It is not considered an independent path. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Software Testing Overview

Quality assurance in software involves appropriate methods and tools, effective technical reviews, and solid management and measurement.
Testing is essential to confirm quality during the software development process.

Testing Completion Criteria

Determining when testing is complete lacks a definitive answer; however, pragmatic guidance exists for evaluating adequacy of testing efforts.

Scaffolding in Testing

Components require scaffolding to create a testing framework, often necessitating 'driver' and 'stub' software for unit testing.
Drivers function as main programs that accept test-case data, deliver it to the component being tested, and display results.
Stubs replace subordinate modules called by the component under test, performing minimal data manipulation and verifying entries.

White Box Testing

White box testing utilizes knowledge of the internal structure of the code to select test data.
Unlike black box testing, which examines outputs based on specifications, white box testing defines test cases from the source code.
Effective white box testing ensures independent paths, logical decisions (both true and false), loop boundaries, and valid internal data structures are exercised at least once.

Basis Path Testing

Basis path testing is a white box method providing a logical complexity metric for procedural design.
Test cases derived through basis path testing guarantee that each statement in the program is executed at least once.
Flow graphs represent control flow and can map complex statements into simplified nodes for easier path analysis.

Integration Testing

Integration testing assesses interfaces between software components, ensuring combined modules function as intended.
Testing occurs early during development to identify integration issues involving both internal and external component interactions.
Objectives include exposing problems from component combinations and obtaining functional solutions quickly.

Types of Integration Testing

Structural integration testing evaluates different functional units and examines their combined behavior.
Common issues addressed include parameter mismatches, incorrect invocation, and data handling during interactions.

Decision Tables

Decision tables compactly illustrate complex program logic by associating conditions with corresponding actions.
They facilitate clear observation of all condition combinations, useful for defining complex logic and generating test cases.
Decision tables can be categorized into limited entry (Boolean) and extended entry (multiple values) types.

Decision Table Development

Structured steps in creating decision tables include identifying conditions and potential values, defining actions, encoding rules, verifying policy, and simplifying where possible.
They are most applicable when the specification can be formatted into a table, and the order of rules does not influence outcomes.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of software testing, including methods, tools, and evaluation criteria for determining when testing is complete. This quiz delves into the significance of effective technical reviews and quality management throughout the software process.