Software Testing in Object-Oriented Engineering

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes fault tolerance in software engineering?

Increasing the number of software components to reduce errors.

The ability to continue operation despite the presence of faults. (correct)

Not detecting faults until after deployment.

Eliminating faults during the development stage.

What best characterizes a modular approach to fault handling?

It integrates all components into a single system to minimize faults.

It relies entirely on external reviews to prevent faults.

It involves breaking the system into smaller components to isolate faults. (correct)

It focuses solely on the configuration management of the system.

Which of the following methods is primarily used for debugging in the system testing phase?

Unit testing engagements.

Automated static analysis tools.

Code reviews by external experts.

Manual testing of system interactions. (correct)

In the context of performance testing, which of the following is the primary goal?

To identify the maximum load the system can handle. Signup and view all the answers

What technique is NOT associated with fault avoidance?

Implementing redundancy in systems. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of error prevention before a system is released?

Implementing good programming methodology Signup and view all the answers

Which method is described as creating failures in a planned way for error detection?

Testing Signup and view all the answers

What technique is NOT considered a method for error recovery once a system is released?

Debugging procedures Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding patching is accurate?

Patching can ultimately lead to decreased performance. Signup and view all the answers

What type of redundancy is regarded as expensive but can enhance reliability?

Modular redundancy Signup and view all the answers

What does error monitoring provide?

Information about the system's performance state Signup and view all the answers

What is reliability in the context of software engineering?

The measure of success with which the observed behavior of a system conforms to a specification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios represents a bad practice in error management?

Declaring a bug to be a feature Signup and view all the answers

What is one challenge associated with verification in error handling?

It assumes a theoretical environment that may differ from reality. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an error in software terminology?

A deviation from the specified behavior leading to system failure Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by a mismatch between a client's needs and the server's offerings?

Interface Fault Signup and view all the answers

Which error is identified as a stress or overload error?

Capacity error Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method to handle algorithmic faults related to initialization?

Adding missing initialization code Signup and view all the answers

In testing, which aspect involves evaluating the entire system's functionality?

System Testing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a proactive debugging method?

Writing comprehensive test cases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of system performance testing?

To evaluate the system's ability to handle load efficiently Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Software Testing Outline

The book "Object-Oriented Software Engineering: Using UML, Patterns, and Java" by Bernd Bruegge & Allen H. Dutoit describes software testing.
The outline covers terminology, types of errors, dealing with errors, quality assurance vs. testing, component testing, unit testing, integration testing, testing strategy, design patterns & testing, system testing, function testing, structure testing, performance testing, acceptance testing, and installation testing.
Testing is an essential part of software development.
A test plan defines testing objectives, schedule, strategies, test cases, procedures, data, expected results, and problem-handling procedures.
It needs to be done before implementation starts.

Some Observations

Completely testing nontrivial modules or systems is impossible due to theoretical (halting problem) and practical limitations (time, cost).
Testing can only show the presence of bugs, not their absence.
The number of execution paths can be very large.

Testing Activities

Shows the activities involved in testing software, from unit testing to system testing, and the different levels and stages of testing.
Demonstrates the flow of testing activities, highlighting different steps, including subsystem code, unit tests, system design, requirements analysis, user manual, integration tests, and functional tests.
All tests are carried out by developer.

Testing Activities Continued

Shows the flow of testing for global requirements, validated system, performance tests, accepted system, acceptance tests, installation tests, and system use tests.
Different types of tests (performance, acceptance, installation) are carried out.
Tests are conducted by both developers and clients.

Levels of Testing in V Model

Illustrates the V-model approach to software testing, showing the relationship between development stages and testing activities.
Presents testing stages at different stages of design in a V-shape pattern.
Shows how different testing stages correspond to various development stages, such as requirements, design, code, and testing.

Test Planning

The importance of a well-defined test plan is highlighted.
A test plan covers all types and phases of testing.
A test plan guides the entire testing process, defining who, why, when, and what needs to be tested.
A test plan should be developed as part of requirements, functional specifications, and high-level design.
It's crucial to complete the test plan before implementation begins.

Fault Handling Techniques

Categorizes various approaches to addressing faults in software, including fault tolerance, fault detection, and fault avoidance.
It outlines how to prevent faults from occurring via design methodologies and reviews, and how to detect faults by using reviews and configuration management.
Debugging, testing, and error handling are discussed.

Quality Assurance Encompasses Testing

Quality assurance (QA) is a broader concept than testing.
Quality assurance provides guidance and process surrounding testing.
Testing is one of the major elements of quality assurance.

Types of Testing

Unit Testing: Developers test individual components (subsystems).
Integration Testing: Developers test the interfaces between groups of subsystems.

System Testing

Developers test the entire software system.
The goal is to determine if the system meets its required functionality.
Acceptance Testing: The client evaluates the system, checking if it meets their requirements and is ready for use.

Unit Testing (Informal and Formal)

Testing individual units/components.
Informal: Incremental coding (writing and testing small code sections as you go)
Formal: Static analysis (checking code without running it), hand execution, walk-throughs, and code inspections.
Automated tools are available for syntactic and semantic error checking.
Dynamic analysis tests the input/output behavior and internal logic of the unit.
Data structure-based testing considers data types when creating test cases.

Black-box Testing

Concentrates on observed input/output behavior.
Uses equivalence partitioning to reduce the number of test cases.
Choosing test cases for each equivalence class is described.
Test cases are selected from different equivalence classes (valid vs. invalid data).

Black-box Testing (Continued)

This section discusses selecting equivalence classes for valid input values across a range of values, and for valid discrete values within a discrete set.
Selecting test cases based on guidelines is emphasized.

White-box Testing

Focuses on code's internal structure and processes.
Different types of white-box testing are described: statement testing, loop testing, path testing, and branch testing.

White-box Testing (Continued)

The method of single statement testing, loop testing (how a loop is executed and the conditions necessary), path testing (all paths are covered), and branch testing (checking for every possible condition) via examples.

Comparison of White & Black-box Testing

White-box testing: tests internal code structures, potentially many paths to test.
Black-box testing: tests based on functionality, less path testing required, good for identifying missing use cases.
Both are necessary for effective testing.

The 4 Testing Steps

Focuses on systematic testing implementation.
Highlights how to select what should be measured, decide how testing will be done, develop test cases, and creating a testing oracle, which describes the correct results for each test scenario.

Guidance for Test Case Selection

Knowledge of the system's functionality and implementation is crucial for effective test case creation.
This section provides guidance on how to select test cases using different approaches.

Unit-testing Heuristics

These heuristics are used to develop effective unit tests.
A goal is to find the minimal number of tests.
Includes actions to take to create unit tests.

Who Tests the Software?

Developers test during coding; independent testers focus on quality and breaking the software.

Summary

Testing is a complex process that needs strategies, and should focus on component testing.

Terminology (Reliability, Failure, Error, Fault)

Explains the definitions of reliability, failure, error, and fault in terms of software.

Examples of Faults and Errors

Shows examples of different types of faults or errors that can occur in software, including interface errors, algorithmic faults, and mechanical faults.

Dealing with Errors

Discusses how to handle various errors.
Options for how to deal with errors in a programmed environment, including verification, modular redundancy, and patching.

Another View on How to Deal with Errors

Provides additional perspectives on preventing and dealing with software errors.
This section provides different preventative approaches, including preventing errors from the start, detecting errors during system operation, and recovering from failures.

What is This? (Illustration)

Provides illustrative examples or concepts using diagrams.

Miscellaneous Topics

The remainder of the document shows various examples and illustrations.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers essential concepts of software testing as outlined in 'Object-Oriented Software Engineering: Using UML, Patterns, and Java.' It addresses various types of testing, testing strategies, and the significance of a test plan in ensuring software quality. Enhance your understanding of effective testing practices critical in software development.