Software Risks and Quality Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following actions is considered unethical when using a computer?

Backing up personal data

Using someone else's files without permission (correct)

Creating original software

Collaborating with others on a project

What does the principle 'thou shalt not use a computer to steal' imply?

Sharing your own files with friends

Copying files from a shared drive

Accessing public information online

Downloading software without paying for it (correct)

Which of the following actions does NOT show consideration and respect when using a computer?

Using a computer to bear false witness (correct)

Helping a colleague with technical issues

Reporting a security breach

Accidentally deleting someone else's files

What is a responsible practice when creating software?

Respecting copyright laws and avoiding plagiarism Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is explicitly prohibited in the provided guidelines?

Snooping around in other people's files Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that software reliability does not depend on?

Software age and wear Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that contributes to the growth of cyber crimes?

Rapid technology growth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tools is NOT considered a customer protection tool for software?

Fraudulent claims Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of cyber crime?

Social engineering threats Signup and view all the answers

What does a third-party beneficiary refer to in a contract?

An individual who benefits from the contract but is not a party to it Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the social and ethical consequences of cyber crimes?

Psychological effects – hate and bigotry Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines software?

Computer programs made up of a logical sequence of commands Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'Denial of Service Attacks'?

Overloading a system to make it unavailable Signup and view all the answers

What type of warranty is not explicitly written but assumed by law?

Implied warranty Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the global interconnected network of computers?

Cyberspace Signup and view all the answers

What is vulnerability scanning in cyberspace primarily used for?

To determine the nature of a cyberattack Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant human factor that can contribute to software failures?

User errors during operation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributes to understanding the complexity of software?

Reliability and performance measurement Signup and view all the answers

What defines stalking in the context of cyber activities?

Unwanted and obsessive attention given to an individual Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT increase the risk of cyber crime?

High level of user education Signup and view all the answers

What outcome is expected when software encounters an input sequence resulting in failure?

An implied warranty is breached Signup and view all the answers

Which motivation is typically behind hacktivism?

Political activism Signup and view all the answers

Cyberstalking is primarily characterized by:

Use of online media for obsessive targeting Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes cyber harassment?

It involves continuous and unwelcome attacks on a victim Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of increased dependency on computers?

Increased vulnerability to cyber crimes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of cyberspace systems survivability?

Maintaining systems during attacks and recovering quickly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a weakness that vulnerability scanning might detect?

Exploitable flaws in operating systems Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cybersecurity, what term is used to describe a continuous pattern of annoyance against a victim?

Harassment Signup and view all the answers

Which of these best explains the repercussions of cyberbullying?

It creates a hostile environment for the victim Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary ethical concern related to artificial intelligence?

Safety and security of users Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes virtual reality?

A simulation of real or imaginary phenomena in three-dimensional environments Signup and view all the answers

What was the term initially used to refer to the Internet of Things (IoT)?

Embedded internet Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of bystanders in cyberspace?

Increased mental health problems Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a responsibility related to intelligent agents?

User accountability Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant challenge faced by advancements in artificial intelligence?

Fear of superhuman capabilities Signup and view all the answers

In terms of ethical considerations, what is a key concern regarding human-agent interactions?

Intentions of the actor Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about the use of technology such as AI and IoT?

They eliminate all forms of human intervention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is related to the psychological effects of technology on users?

Lack of being in control Signup and view all the answers

What issue arises from increased anonymity in cyberspace?

Risks of masquerading Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of software security?

It has no trapdoors for intruders. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tort is specifically associated with professional negligence?

Malpractice Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'strict liability' refer to in the context of torts?

Liability regardless of carefulness. Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves a detailed examination of software's code or design by experts?

Inspection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of improving software quality?

Enhance user experience and satisfaction. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of children aged 3-5 are actively accessing computers according to the provided content?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What does negligence in a tort context imply?

A lack of carefulness or competence. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method for improving software quality?

Game testing Signup and view all the answers

What type of risk is associated with software safety?

Accidents or hazards in life-critical systems. Signup and view all the answers

How much financial loss resulted from computer security breaches for organizations in the last year, as noted?

$265,586,240 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Software Risks and Liabilities

Software is a sequence of commands to perform tasks.
Software producers create programs for general or specific needs.
Buyers benefit from software programs.
Producers and consumers are involved in software use.

Causes of Software Failures

Human factors play a role in failures.
Software's nature is a factor in failures.
Buyer rights include replacement, refunds, and updates.
Understanding software complexity involves considering products, services, and a mix of both.
Customer protection tools include contracts and torts.

Standards, Reliability, Security, and Safety in Software

Standards are universally accepted levels of confidence.
Software reliability doesn't depend on age like hardware.
Software reliability is the probability it won't fail.
Secure software prevents unauthorized access.
Software safety means avoiding risks.

Quality in Software

Software quality involves high excellence.
Software quality includes security, safety, and dependability.
Software quality is important for critical systems.

Computer Crimes

Illegal acts using computers or related systems are crimes.
Misrepresentation includes false information to harm.

Cyber Crimes - Types and Motivations

Cybercrimes include illegal acts involving computer systems.
Three categories are natural attacks, human errors, and intentional threats.
Two aspects are viruses and hacking.
Penetration attacks include insider threats, hackers, criminal groups, and hacktivism.
Denial of service attacks happen from inside and outside.
Motivations for cyberattacks include business espionage, jokes/hoaxes, and political activism.

Ethical Considerations for AI and VR

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field that emulates human intelligence.
Advances in AI have led to robots, space exploration, medicine, and advanced research.
Virtual reality (VR) involves stimulating real or imaginary experiences in 3D environments.
AI ethics includes user rights, accountability, and safety.
VR ethics involves human interactions and responsibility.

Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT initially proposed in 1998.
IoT refers to interconnected devices.
IoT has constraints involving limited power and low-level devices.
IoT has security challenges: security is vital, authentication is insufficient, and encryption is lacking
IoT has issues concerning standards and networking.

Cyber Concerns

Cyberattacks, cybersecurity, and lack of enforcement are growing concerns.
Cybercrimes include insider attacks and distributed liability.
Cyberbullying involves deliberate harm through technology.
Cyberstalking is a form of cyberbullying.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of software risks, failures, and quality standards. It covers the roles of producers and consumers, human factors in software failures, and the importance of reliability and security in software development. Test your understanding of these critical components in software engineering.