Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of creating structural models of a system?
What is an object class in object-oriented modeling?
What type of models are class diagrams used for?
What is the purpose of use case diagrams?
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What is an association in a class diagram?
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What is the purpose of use case descriptions?
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What type of systems are structural models used for?
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When are structural models created in the software engineering process?
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What type of system model is used to describe the organization and architecture of a system?
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What is the primary purpose of a use case diagram in system modeling?
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What type of diagram is used to model a system's behavior in response to internal or external events?
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What is the primary purpose of an activity diagram in system modeling?
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What type of system model is used to describe how a system interacts with its environment and other systems?
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What type of diagram is used to describe the interactions between users and systems in the system being designed?
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What is the purpose of system modeling in software engineering?
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What type of system model is used to illustrate the operational context of a system?
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What is the main purpose of use case diagrams in software engineering?
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What type of diagram is used to show the interactions between actors and the system and between system components?
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What is the advantage of using graphical models in software engineering?
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What is the purpose of requirements specification in software engineering?
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What type of notation is used to write a system requirements specification?
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What is the purpose of domain modeling in software engineering?
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What is the importance of system modeling in requirements engineering?
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What is the main reference for Part I: Requirements Modeling Concept?
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Study Notes
Requirements Analysis and Modeling
- Part I: Requirements Modeling Concept covers Use Case Modeling and Specification, Domain Modeling, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram, and State Chart/State Machine Diagram.
System Modeling
- System modeling is the process of developing abstract models of a system, with each model presenting a different view or perspective of that system.
- System modeling represents a system using graphical notation, which is now almost always based on notations in the Unified Modeling Language (UML).
- System modeling helps the analyst to understand the functionality of the system and models are used to communicate with customers.
Existing and Planned System Models
- Models of the existing system are used during requirements engineering to clarify what the existing system does and can be used as a basis for discussing its strengths and weaknesses.
- Models of the new system are used during requirements engineering to help explain the proposed requirements to other system stakeholders.
System Perspectives
- An external perspective models the context or environment of the system.
- An interaction perspective models the interactions between a system and its environment, or between the components of a system.
- A structural perspective models the organization of a system or the structure of the data that is processed by the system.
- A behavioral perspective models the dynamic behavior of the system and how it responds to events.
Context Model
- Context models are used to illustrate the operational context of a system - they show what lies outside the system boundaries.
- Social and organisational concerns may affect the decision on where to position system boundaries.
UML Diagram Types
- Activity diagrams show the activities involved in a process or in data processing.
- Use case diagrams show the interactions between a system and its environment.
- Sequence diagrams show interactions between actors and the system and between system components.
- Class diagrams show the object classes in the system and the associations between these classes.
- State diagrams show how the system reacts to internal and external events.
Use of Graphical Models
- Graphical models are used to facilitate discussion about an existing or proposed system.
- Graphical models are used to document an existing system.
- Graphical models are used to generate a system implementation.
Ways of Writing a System Requirements Specification
- System requirements can be written using natural language notation.
Use Case Diagram Notation
- Use case diagrams use a specific notation to describe the interactions between a system and its environment.
Example: Use Case Diagram for Mentcare System
- The Mentcare system involves the role of a Medical Receptionist.
Use Case Description
- A use case description describes the interactions between a system and external actors.
Relationship
- Relationships can be shown between use cases in a use case diagram.
Structural Models
- Structural models of software display the organization of a system in terms of the components that make up that system and their relationships.
- Structural models can be static models, which show the structure of the system design, or dynamic models, which show the organization of the system when it is executing.
Class Diagrams
- Class diagrams are used when developing an object-oriented system model to show the classes in a system and the associations between these classes.
- An object class can be thought of as a general definition of one kind of system object.
- An association is a link between classes that indicates that there is some relationship between these classes.
Key Points
- A model is an abstract view of a system that ignores system details.
- Complementary system models can be developed to show the system’s context, interactions, structure, and behavior.
- Context models show how a system that is being modeled is positioned in an environment with other systems and processes.
- Use case diagrams and sequence diagrams are used to describe the interactions between users and systems in the system being designed.
- Use cases describe interactions between a system and external actors; sequence diagrams add more information to these by showing interactions between system objects.
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Description
This quiz covers software engineering module 5, focusing on requirements analysis and modeling, including use case modeling, domain modeling, and requirements document specification.