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What are the key characteristics that good software should possess?
What are the key characteristics that good software should possess?
Which of the following is a primary focus of software engineering?
Which of the following is a primary focus of software engineering?
What is a fundamental software engineering activity?
What is a fundamental software engineering activity?
How does software engineering differ from computer science?
How does software engineering differ from computer science?
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Which challenges do software engineering face today?
Which challenges do software engineering face today?
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What proportion of software costs are typically attributed to development?
What proportion of software costs are typically attributed to development?
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What is primarily concerned with the professional development of software?
What is primarily concerned with the professional development of software?
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What is a recommended practice for developing safety critical control systems?
What is a recommended practice for developing safety critical control systems?
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Which project type is best suited to a prototype-based development approach?
Which project type is best suited to a prototype-based development approach?
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Why do software costs often dominate computer system costs?
Why do software costs often dominate computer system costs?
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What can lead to software project failure?
What can lead to software project failure?
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Which of the following is considered a significant fraction of GNP in developed nations?
Which of the following is considered a significant fraction of GNP in developed nations?
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What is a characteristic of good software?
What is a characteristic of good software?
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What has been a consequence of increasing system complexity in software engineering?
What has been a consequence of increasing system complexity in software engineering?
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Which scenario illustrates a common misconception about software development?
Which scenario illustrates a common misconception about software development?
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What contributes to software being more expensive over time?
What contributes to software being more expensive over time?
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What does efficiency in software encompass?
What does efficiency in software encompass?
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What is meant by 'acceptability' in software design?
What is meant by 'acceptability' in software design?
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Which of the following best describes the scope of software engineering?
Which of the following best describes the scope of software engineering?
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What is a key reason to adopt software engineering methods over personal programming projects?
What is a key reason to adopt software engineering methods over personal programming projects?
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Which activity comes first in the software process?
Which activity comes first in the software process?
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What is meant by software evolution?
What is meant by software evolution?
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Which issue is crucial for modern software systems operating in varied environments?
Which issue is crucial for modern software systems operating in varied environments?
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Which of the following is NOT a software process activity?
Which of the following is NOT a software process activity?
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What is a primary characteristic of stand-alone applications?
What is a primary characteristic of stand-alone applications?
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Which type of software system is most prevalent numerically?
Which type of software system is most prevalent numerically?
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What determines the software engineering methods and tools used in development?
What determines the software engineering methods and tools used in development?
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What type of software system processes large amounts of data in batches?
What type of software system processes large amounts of data in batches?
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What is a key issue that must be addressed in software development?
What is a key issue that must be addressed in software development?
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What characterizes interactive transaction-based applications?
What characterizes interactive transaction-based applications?
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Which of the following application types is specifically designed to entertain users?
Which of the following application types is specifically designed to entertain users?
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How do emerging economies and new technologies affect software requirements?
How do emerging economies and new technologies affect software requirements?
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What is the primary purpose of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
What is the primary purpose of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
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Who are the intended signatories of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
Who are the intended signatories of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
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How many principles are outlined in the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
How many principles are outlined in the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
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What should software engineers commit themselves to according to the code?
What should software engineers commit themselves to according to the code?
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What is a potential consequence of the roles held by software engineers?
What is a potential consequence of the roles held by software engineers?
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What aspect is emphasized by the Preamble of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
What aspect is emphasized by the Preamble of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?
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Which groups are included in the scope of the Code of Ethics?
Which groups are included in the scope of the Code of Ethics?
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What can be inferred about the role of software engineers in society?
What can be inferred about the role of software engineers in society?
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Which principle emphasizes the importance of acting in the best interests of clients while considering public interest?
Which principle emphasizes the importance of acting in the best interests of clients while considering public interest?
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Which principle focuses on the integrity and independence of decision-making?
Which principle focuses on the integrity and independence of decision-making?
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What does the principle focused on colleagues emphasize?
What does the principle focused on colleagues emphasize?
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In which situation would software engineers encounter an ethical dilemma regarding their principles?
In which situation would software engineers encounter an ethical dilemma regarding their principles?
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Which principle pertains to the promotion of ethical management practices in software development?
Which principle pertains to the promotion of ethical management practices in software development?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Software & Software Engineering
- Software engineering is a discipline concerned with theories, methods, and tools for professional software development.
- Developed nations' economies depend on software.
- Expenditure on software is a significant portion of GNP in developed countries.
- Software costs often exceed hardware costs.
- Maintenance costs are often several times development costs.
- Software engineering aims for cost-effective development.
Topics Covered
- Software & Software Engineering
- Software engineering ethics
Software Project Failure
- Increasing system complexity leads to changing demands for larger, more complex systems, requiring faster delivery.
- Failure to use software engineering methods results in higher costs and reduced reliability.
Software Costs
- Software costs often dominate computer system costs.
- Software is more costly to maintain than to develop, especially for long-life systems.
Software Products
- Generic products: Standalone systems sold to customers (e.g., PC software, CAD tools, dentist appointments).
- Customized products: Commissioned to meet specific customer needs (e.g., embedded control systems, air traffic control software).
Product Specification
- Generic products: Software developers own the specification and make decisions on changes.
- Customized products: Customers own the specification and make decisions on software changes.
Essential Attributes of Good Software
- Maintainability: Ability to adapt to changing customer needs.
- Dependability and security: Reliability, safety, and preventing malicious access.
- Efficiency: Optimal use of system resources (memory, processing time).
- Acceptability: Understandable, usable, and compatible with existing systems.
Software Engineering
- An engineering discipline encompassing all aspects of software production, from initial specification to ongoing maintenance.
- Using appropriate theories and methods to solve problems while considering organizational and financial constraints.
- Encompasses all aspects from development to project management, tools, and methods.
Importance of Software Engineering
- Growing reliance on software necessitates producing reliable systems efficiently.
- Using software engineering techniques is usually cheaper in the long term than creating systems without formalized methods.
Software Process Activities
- Software specification: Defining the software and its operating constraints based on customer requirements.
- Software development: Designing and programming the software.
- Software validation: Checking software to ensure it meets customer requirements.
- Software evolution: Modifying software to meet changing needs.
General Issues Affecting Software
- Heterogeneity: Systems operate across diverse networks of different computer and mobile devices.
- Business and social change: Rapid changes in business and new technologies require adaptive software and rapid development.
- Security and trust: Software needs to be trustworthy in vital applications.
- Scale: Software must be adaptable from small embedded systems to global, cloud-based systems.
Software Engineering Diversity
- Diverse system types require varying techniques and tools.
- Method selection depends on factors like application type, customer needs, and development team expertise.
Internet Software Engineering
- Web platform dominance for applications.
- Web services allow accessing application functionality across the web
- Cloud computing provides computer services; software is accessed and used based on need.
Web-based Software Engineering
- Complex distributed systems but applicable principles for software engineering still apply.
- Fundamental ideas, applicable to all software types.
Web Software Engineering Continues
- Software reuse: Assembling systems and components from pre-existing software.
- Incremental/agile development: Continuously developing and delivering software based on dynamic requirements.
- Service-oriented systems: Implemented using separate web services.
- Rich interfaces: Technologies like AJAX & HTML5 support rich interfaces.
Software Engineering Ethics
- Wider responsibilities than just technical skills; software engineers must be honest and ethically responsible.
- Ethical behavior is about upholding moral principles.
Issues of Professional Responsibility
- Confidentiality: Respecting client and employer confidentiality.
- Competence: Not misrepresenting skills or accepting work outside one's capabilities.
- Intellectual property rights: Following laws; protecting intellectual property.
- Computer misuse: Avoiding unauthorized use or damaging computer systems.
ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics
- Professional societies (ACM/IEEE) promote ethical codes for developers, educators, managers, and others.
Rationale for the Code of Ethics
- Importance of software in diverse fields and potential for harm; software engineers need to do good.
- Software engineers need to act ethically to ensure ethical use.
The ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics
- Summary, details, and principles.
- Professional standards and ethical principles.
Ethical Principles
- Public interest
- Client and employer
- Product
- Judgement
- Management
- Profession
- Colleagues
- Self
Ethical Dilemmas
- Disagreement with senior management policies.
- Unethical employer actions and releasing faulty systems.
- Participation in military or nuclear weapons systems development.
Application Types
- Stand-alone
- Interactive transaction-based
- Embedded control systems
- Batch processing
- Entertainment
- Systems for modeling and simulation
- Data collection
- Systems of systems
Software Engineering Fundamentals
- Systems developed with a managed, understood process.
- Dependability and performance are crucial.
- Understanding and managing specifications.
- Reuse existing software components wherever possible.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the key principles of software engineering. This quiz covers various aspects such as characteristics of good software, differences from computer science, and common practices in the field. Challenge your understanding and see how well you know the industry essentials!
