Software Engineering Design Principles

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary reason for engaging in software design?

To eliminate evolution of systems

To mitigate risks (correct)

To increase software cost

To simplify the development team structure

What does the IEEE definition of software design encompass?

Only the architecture of any given system

Only the components and interfaces of a system

The aesthetic layout of the user interface

Defining the architecture, components, interfaces, and characteristics of a system (correct)

Which aspect is NOT listed as a key risk in software engineering?

Consistent feature updates (correct)

Teamwork

Understanding problems

Ensuring qualities

What does software design help to cope with?

Complexity Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes software engineering's systematic approach?

Evolution of systems within given constraints Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the process of design in software development?

A creative process transforming a problem into a solution Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an outcome of effective software design?

Requiring extensive documentation Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase best captures the essence of software engineering as stated?

Systematic development and evolution of high-quality software Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of design in software development?

To produce abstract representations Signup and view all the answers

What is a use case in the context of software requirements?

A scenario that defines interactions between an actor and the system Signup and view all the answers

According to Lehman's laws, what happens to a software system over time?

It becomes more complex unless managed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of modeling in design?

To capture ideas and decomplexify Signup and view all the answers

What is a non-functional requirement for the Online Bookstore application?

The application shall ensure the confidentiality of Customer's data Signup and view all the answers

Which view in architectural design addresses runtime behavior?

Concurrency View Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'Clean Architecture' emphasize?

A modular structure which supports evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the browsing use case occurs when a customer specifies search criteria?

Step 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome if no books are found matching the specified criteria?

The system displays a message and requests new criteria Signup and view all the answers

What is a downside of the Big Design Up Front (BDUF) approach?

It can lead to early commitments Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram is associated with showing the physical and virtual structure of a system?

Deployment Diagram Signup and view all the answers

What does the software design process include according to the content?

Solution Representation Signup and view all the answers

On which platform is the Online Bookstore intended to be implemented?

Java Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the focuses of the Module View in architectural design?

Organization as modules and relations Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does the Deployment View prioritize?

System availability and reliability Signup and view all the answers

What type of architecture emphasizes generic business rules?

Clean Architecture Signup and view all the answers

What does a context diagram illustrate about a system?

The system's interactions with external elements Signup and view all the answers

What might the 'classroom management system' represent in a context diagram?

An external system interacting with the registration process Signup and view all the answers

In the context diagram, what does the 'black-box' approach signify?

Understanding the system solely in terms of its inputs and outputs Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'diversification' imply in the context of problem postulation?

Exploring multiple potential solutions to a single problem Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a context diagram represents the user interaction?

Environment Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'compositional' refer to in design strategies?

Building a system from existing components Signup and view all the answers

In a context diagram, which flow represents the system sending information back to the users?

System responses Signup and view all the answers

Which design strategy focuses on breaking down a system into simpler parts?

Decompositional Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

Software Engineering is a systematic process of developing and maintaining software systems.
The goal is to solve customer problems within constraints, such as cost and time.
Design is the process of transforming a problem into a solution.

Design Importance

Design helps mitigate risks, such as understanding problems, managing large systems, ensuring quality, facilitating teamwork, and supporting system evolution.
It provides tools for building the right software, coping with complexity, and ensuring future development.

Design in Practice

Design is represented using various methods:
- Code
- Text
- Modelling languages
Models abstractly represent design decisions.
This helps to capture ideas, decomplexify issues, share information, validate designs, track progress, and improve communication.

Design Process Stages

Postulation involves generating and evaluating multiple alternative solutions.
Representation involves capturing design decisions in a structured way, like using diagrams or specifications.
Elaboration involves refining the design based on feedback and further analysis.

Types of Design Strategies

Decompositional breaks down problems into smaller, manageable parts.
Compositional combines existing solutions into a larger system.
Template-based utilizes pre-defined patterns or templates to guide the design process.

Architectural Design

Addressses the fundamental structure of the system, including its modules, concurrency, and deployment.
Architectural Views provide different perspectives on the system:
- Module View: Focuses on system modules, their relationships, and how the system is broken down (e.g., subsystems, layers, components, classes). This view concerns developers, managers, and is related to modifiability, testability, and schedule.
- Concurrency View: Focuses on runtime aspects like processes, threads, and communication mechanisms (e.g., calls, messages, events). It concerns system integrators and operators and is related to integrity, fault-tolerance, performance, and scalability.
- Deployment View: Focuses on physical or virtual nodes and connections (e.g., servers, networks). This view concerns system engineers and operators and is related to availability, reliability, performance, and scalability.

Clean Architecture

Emphasizes a modular structure designed to support evolution.
Separates the system's inner core, containing business rules, from external dependencies (e.g., UI frameworks, databases).
Core Layers:
- Entities: Represent business rules and data structures.
- Use Cases: Implement application business logic, interacting with Entities and providing interfaces to the UI.

Design vs. Development

Big Design Up Front (BDUF) involves creating a detailed design before implementation.
- Pros: Early detection of issues.
- Cons: May lead to inflexible designs and missed opportunities.

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Description

Explore the systematic processes involved in software engineering design. This quiz covers design importance, representations, and methods for effective software development. Understand how design mitigates risks and facilitates teamwork while managing complexity.