Software Development Methodologies and Distributed Systems Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of systems are low-power, small-sized microprocessor-based systems designed to perform dedicated tasks?

One-chip systems

Embedded systems (correct)

Distributed systems

Mono-board computers

What are the well-known methodologies for developing software on an embedded system?

Extreme programming, feature-driven development, and crystal model

Scrum model, lean model, and RAD model

Kanban model, V-model, and incremental model

Waterfall model, spiral model, and agile model (correct)

What enhances scalability, flexibility, reliability, and fault tolerance in distributed systems?

Adopting the waterfall model

Distributing computational tasks among several machines (correct)

Using mono-board computers

Implementing one-chip systems

What are documented solutions providing a common language and understanding of software design solutions for distributed systems called?

Architecture patterns (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is used to implement embedded systems, spanning across software and hardware?

Various platforms like mono-board computers, one-chip systems, and microcontrollers (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is designing distributed systems compared to designing embedded systems?

More complex (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the event-bus pattern, how are event listeners notified of new data published on a specific channel?

By subscribing to a particular event type or name channel (implicit channel) (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which architectural style does the blackboard pattern belong to?

Data-centered style (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the interpreter pattern in software development?

To interpret programs written in a specific language (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern is used to solve problems with no deterministic solution strategy, such as submarine detection and speech recognition?

Blackboard pattern (A) Signup and view all the answers

What makes using the MVC pattern advantageous when dealing with multiple views of the same model?

It enables a change in the model to modify the display shown by the view (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which architectural style is characterized by data streams flowing from one software or hardware component to the others?

Dataflow style (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of software engineering?

Applying principles and practices of engineering and computer science to create software systems (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes software engineering from software programming?

Development approach, lifespan, and complexity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the key components of a typical embedded system?

Processor, analog I/O, sensors and actuators, user interfaces, application specific gates, software, memory, and emulation and diagnostics (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the challenges faced by designers of distributed systems?

Partitioning applications and assigning tasks to computational nodes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which model is characterized by a sequential process with no overlap between development phases?

Waterfall model (D) Signup and view all the answers

What benefits do distributed systems offer?

Resource sharing, openness, concurrency, scalability, and fault tolerance (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern involves a master component distributing computational tasks among identical slave machines?

Master-slave pattern (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of the pipe-filter pattern?

Easily adding new filters separately (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which pattern are applications organized into groups of tasks with different abstraction levels?

Layers pattern (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the client-server pattern involve?

Multiple clients requesting services from server components (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern coordinates communication between different components of a distributed system through a broker?

Broker pattern (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of applications following the client-server pattern?

Remote file systems, remote database access, and web-based applications (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Spiral model represent in software development?

Software development phases with loops of a spiral, where the radius shows the cost and the angular dimension illustrates progress (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does Agile methodology involve within each iteration?

Requirement gathering, planning, system design, development, quality assurance, and deployment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Distributed systems in software engineering?

Enhancing data processing performance by distributing computational tasks over multiple machines (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does Message-oriented middleware (MOM) provide in distributed systems?

APIs to enable communication between software components (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the challenges of distributed systems?

Security, network failure, synchronization, and network architecture (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

Facilitate communication between various systems (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Software Development Methodologies and Distributed Systems

Spiral model represents software development phases with loops of a spiral, where the radius shows the cost and the angular dimension illustrates progress.
Spiral model consists of four quadrants: requirements gathering, evaluating alternatives, software development, and review.
Agile methodology is based on iterative development, breaking tasks into smaller iterations or sprints to minimize project risks and delivery time.
Agile methodology involves requirement gathering, planning, system design, development, quality assurance, and deployment within each iteration.
Application programming interfaces enable interaction between applications.
Distributed software engineering enhances data processing performance by distributing computational tasks over multiple machines.
Distributed systems are used in telecommunications, cryptocurrency, reservation systems, video conferencing, and supply chain management.
Distributed systems are highly scalable and fault-tolerant but more complex to design than embedded systems.
Message-oriented middleware (MOM) provides APIs to enable communication between software components in distributed systems.
Challenges of distributed systems include security, network failure, synchronization, and network architecture.
Open Systems Interconnection is a seven-layer model used to facilitate communication between various systems.
Architectural patterns provide common understanding and language for software design solutions, making it easier to use the same solutions for regular problems.

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Description

Test your knowledge of software development methodologies and distributed systems with this quiz. Explore concepts such as the spiral model, agile methodology, distributed software engineering, application programming interfaces, distributed systems, and architectural patterns. Challenge yourself with questions on system design, communication protocols, and the challenges of distributed systems.