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Questions and Answers
Which of the following describes a characteristic of effective software?
What is included in the expenses for hardware and software costs?
Which aspect does not contribute to software maintainability?
What role does Quality Assurance play in the software development process?
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Which of the following is NOT a technique or method in software engineering?
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Which of the following expenses is related to providing necessary development infrastructure?
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Which factor is crucial for ensuring the dependability and security of software?
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How should software evolve to meet changing needs?
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What is a primary characteristic of the Waterfall model in software development?
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Which of the following is NOT a challenge in software engineering?
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What does Agile methodology prioritize in software development?
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How are costs typically allocated in software engineering projects?
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What defines customized products in software engineering?
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What describes the Iterative & Incremental Development approach?
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What is the primary focus of Agile methods like Scrum and Kanban?
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What factor contributes significantly to the increasing diversity challenge in software engineering?
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Study Notes
Software Development Overview
- Software consists of programs, documentation, and configuration data, guiding hardware performance and functionality.
- Development entails purchasing or leasing hardware and software tools essential for program execution.
Costs Involved in Software Development
- Hardware and Software Costs include expenses for acquiring necessary resources.
- Training and skill development costs pertain to educating team members on software use and development.
- Licensing Fees are incurred for utilizing third-party libraries, frameworks, or tools, ensuring compliance and support.
- Office Space and Infrastructure expenses cover workspace allocation, computer provision, and developmental resources.
Software Characteristics
- Efficiency requires optimal resource usage, maximizing CPU and RAM without wastage.
- Acceptability focuses on software being understandable, user-friendly, and compatible across systems.
- Dependability and Security emphasize the need for reliable, secure, and trustworthy software systems.
- Maintainability is essential for software to evolve based on changing customer needs and includes regular “Security Patches.”
Key Components and Technologies
- Chrome utilizes significant RAM, while mobile phones can lead to CPU overheating due to high energy consumption.
- Windows incorporates AI functionalities, like "Copilot," to meet evolving user requirements.
Challenges in Software Engineering
- Developing trustworthy software is critical, as is managing diversity and addressing demands for quicker delivery times.
- Prompt issue resolution is vital to maintain progress.
Cost Distribution in Software Engineering
- Development represents 60% of total costs; testing accounts for 40%.
- Evolution costs for custom software may surpass initial development costs.
Personnel and Product Types
- Personnel costs cover salaries and benefits for team members involved in software creation.
- Three product types:
- Generic products, suitable for a broad audience (e.g., databases).
- Customized products tailored for specific clients (e.g., control systems).
- Blurred distinctions occur as systems adapt generic products for unique needs (e.g., Mac OS built on Linux).
Methodologies in Software Development
Waterfall Model
- Follows a linear, cascading sequence where completion of each phase is mandatory before progressing.
- Best suited for projects with clearly defined requirements and minimal anticipated changes.
Agile Methodology
- Emphasizes adaptability, teamwork, customer satisfaction, and continuous improvement.
- Iterative and incremental approaches aid in accommodating shifting requirements and enhancing software functionality.
- Common Agile methods include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming (XP), which stress daily communication with clients for ongoing improvement.
Iterative & Incremental Development
- Closely associated with Agile approaches, promoting flexibility and rapid delivery through gradual enhancements.
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Description
This quiz explores the key expenses associated with software development, including hardware and software costs, as well as training and skill development. Understand the financial implications of acquiring the necessary tools and resources for effective program creation.