Software Development and Computational Techniques CPE 307
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of the implementation stage in software development?

  • To convert a system specification into an executable system (correct)
  • To outline user requirements
  • To evaluate the system’s performance
  • To create a detailed design model

Which of the following activities is NOT part of the design process for software development?

  • Architectural design
  • User requirement analysis (correct)
  • Database design
  • Component design

What characterizes the interface design stage in the software design process?

  • It defines the interfaces between system components unambiguously (correct)
  • It defines the algorithms used in the software
  • It involves creating database schemas
  • It specifies the timing constraints for real-time systems

In the context of software design, what is primarily developed during the component design activity?

<p>Details on how each system component will operate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do designers typically arrive at a finished software design?

<p>By developing the design iteratively with constant backtracking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT typically a focus area within architectural design?

<p>Establishing timing requirements for the system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best explains the role of database design?

<p>To create database schemas and system data structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the design process may differ based on the type of system being developed?

<p>Activities involved in the design process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three essential activities in risk management?

<p>Risk identification, risk assessment, risk mitigation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is categorized as a project risk?

<p>Loss of an experienced designer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of risk management?

<p>To reduce the occurrence and impact of risks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of risks threaten the quality or performance of the software being developed?

<p>Product risks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT part of the risk management process?

<p>Risk monitoring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be an example of risk abatement procedures?

<p>Developing contingency plans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of a risk management plan?

<p>Risk analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents risk estimation within risk management?

<p>Determining the potential impact and likelihood of identified risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary responsibilities of a project manager in a software development project?

<p>Assigning people to tasks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is proposal writing considered a critical task for software project managers?

<p>It is necessary for winning contracts to carry out work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of communication is crucial for project managers when reporting on project progress?

<p>Ability to communicate at various levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does risk management involve for a project manager?

<p>Assessing and addressing potential risks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is essential for effective people management in a software project?

<p>Ability to choose and manage a team effectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of managing a software project, how is the term 'life cycle activities' best described?

<p>Parallel activities involving multiple team interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of a software project manager during project monitoring?

<p>Ensuring development is on schedule and within budget (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically part of a project manager's responsibilities?

<p>Developing software features (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the software development process?

<p>To ensure the successful delivery and maintenance of software products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the requirements engineering phase critical in the software development process?

<p>Errors at this stage can lead to significant issues in later stages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the approach of software engineering compared to art?

<p>Software engineering is based on provable principles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT typically considered during the selection of a solution in software engineering?

<p>Visual appeal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the requirements engineering process?

<p>An agreed requirements document (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the iterative nature of arriving at a final solution in software engineering?

<p>It allows for several iterations based on trade-offs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the software development process include from start to finish?

<p>Planning, development, and post-delivery activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is commonly faced in software engineering when solving a problem?

<p>Conflicting goals requiring trade-offs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assumption does the classical waterfall model make about error correction?

<p>No errors are ever committed during the life cycle phases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does the waterfall model face regarding accommodating change requests?

<p>It assumes customer requirements can be completely defined at the beginning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the waterfall model lack in terms of integration and testing?

<p>Integration and testing are deferred until late in the development process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the waterfall model handle the delivery of the software to the customer?

<p>The full software is developed and tested before delivery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of the waterfall model regarding phase sequences?

<p>Phases must be completed sequentially without overlap. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often a source of customer discontent in the waterfall model?

<p>Difficulty accommodating change requests post requirements specification. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of the rigid adherence to phase sequences in the waterfall model?

<p>Frequent pauses lead to productivity loss due to idle team members. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the iterative waterfall model compared to the classical model?

<p>Requires the full software to be completely developed before delivery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the requirements analysis activity?

<p>To weed out incompleteness and inconsistencies in gathered requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an inconsistent requirement signify?

<p>It contradicts some other part of the requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the software requirements specification (SRS) document?

<p>To serve as a contract between the development team and the customer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After requirements gathering and analysis, what follows in the software development process?

<p>Requirements documentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What format does the SRS document primarily use for clarity?

<p>End-user terminology for better understanding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is derived from the SRS document during the software design phase?

<p>The software architecture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following design approaches is traditionally used in many software development projects?

<p>Procedural design approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the software design phase primarily aim to achieve?

<p>Transform requirements into a structure for implementation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Software Development Process

Software development process is a set of activities for planning, managing, and delivering high-quality software, encompassing all phases from initial feasibility study to maintenance post-release.

Requirements Engineering

Requirements engineering is the crucial first step in understanding the desired features, constraints, and user needs of a software system.

Science vs. Rule of Thumb

When no provable principles can explain a solution, past experiences are used as guidelines. Scientific solutions, however, are built on rigorous application of proven principles.

Conflicting Goals in Software Engineering

Software engineering often involves balancing multiple competing goals, like cost, maintainability, and user experience. This leads to exploring different solutions and making trade-offs.

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Engineering vs. Art

In software engineering, well-defined and documented principles are used as a foundation for development, unlike artistic fields that rely on subjective judgment and less defined principles.

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Iterative Development

The software development process typically involves multiple rounds of iterations, where solutions are refined and improved based on feedback and new insights.

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Early Errors Impact

Errors made early in the requirements engineering phase can lead to significant problems later during design and implementation.

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Requirements Document

The goal of requirements engineering is to create a document that clearly defines the intended software system, meeting stakeholder requirements.

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Software Implementation

The process of converting a software specification into a functional system. It involves designing, programming, and potentially refining the specification.

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Software Design

A description of the structure, data models, interfaces, and possibly algorithms used to build a software system. It's iterative and refined over time.

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Interface Design

The process of defining how a system's components will interact with each other, ensuring clear and well-defined communication.

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Architectural Design

The process of designing the overall structure of a software system, including components, relationships, and distribution.

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Component Design

The process of designing how each individual component within the system will operate, from simple functionality to complex algorithms.

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Database Design

The process of designing the data structures and how they will be represented and managed within a database.

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Iterative Design

A software development approach where the design is iteratively developed, adding formality and detail in a back-and-forth process.

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Automatic Code Generation

A design model can be used to automatically generate an implementation. This means the code for the software can be partly or fully created based on the design.

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Requirements Analysis

Identifying and removing incomplete or conflicting requirements from a list of gathered requirements. This ensures the requirements are coherent and complete before moving on to the next stage.

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Software Requirements Specification (SRS)

A document that outlines the detailed specifications of a software system, including its functionalities, features, and constraints. It serves as a blueprint for development and a contract between the developers and the customer.

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System and Software Design

The process of determining how the system will be built, including its architecture, components, and data flows. It translates requirements into a design that can be implemented.

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Procedural Design Approach

A design approach that focuses on breaking down the software into a series of steps or procedures that operate sequentially. It often uses a top-down approach to define the flow of control.

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Object-Oriented Design Approach

A design approach that emphasizes the use of objects and their interactions to represent the software system. It often uses a bottom-up approach to build modular components.

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Understandability of SRS

The SRS document should be written in a way that the customer can easily understand, using clear and concise language.

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SRS as a Contract

An SRS document serves as a contract and a point of reference for resolving disagreements between the developers and the customer.

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SRS as a Foundation

The SRS document forms the foundation for many other documents, such as user manuals and test plans, providing consistency and clarity across the development process.

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Risk Management

The process of identifying, assessing, and addressing potential threats to a project's schedule, resources, or the quality of the software being developed.

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Project Risks

Risks that could delay the project or cause it to run over budget.

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Product Risks

Risks that could negatively impact the quality or performance of the software being developed.

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Risk Identification

The process of identifying potential threats to a project.

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Risk Assessment

The process of evaluating the likelihood and impact of each identified risk.

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Risk Mitigation

The process of implementing strategies to reduce the likelihood or impact of identified risks.

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Risk Avoidance

Strategies designed to prevent risks from occurring.

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Risk Reduction

Strategies designed to reduce the impact of risks that do occur.

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Project Planning

Software project manager's responsibility to plan, estimate, and schedule project development, assigning people to tasks, ensuring work meets standards, and monitoring progress.

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Reporting

Software project manager's responsibility to communicate project progress to customers and company management, using clear and concise reports and presentations.

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People Management

Software project manager's responsibility to lead and manage a team of people, selecting members and fostering effective teamwork.

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Proposal Writing

A document that outlines the project objectives, implementation plan, cost & schedule estimates, and rationale for awarding the contract. This document is crucial for winning projects.

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Software Development Life Cycle

A complex and intellectual process involving multiple team members, requiring effective communication and collaboration.

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Roles of Software Manager

The responsibility of a software project manager varies greatly depending on the organization and the type of software being developed. However, there are core responsibilities that most managers share.

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Software Project Management Plan (SPMP)

A document that outlines the entire plan for managing a software project, encompassing various aspects like scope, schedule, budget, and resources.

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What is the idealistic assumption of the Waterfall Model?

The Waterfall Model is an idealistic software development approach where each phase is strictly completed before moving to the next, assuming no errors occur during any phase and without allowing for rework or changes.

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How does the Waterfall Model handle change requests?

The Waterfall Model assumes that all customer requirements can be fully defined at the start of the project and doesn't easily accommodate any changes later on.

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How does the Waterfall Model handle error correction?

The Waterfall Model delays code integration and testing until the very end, making it harder to identify and fix problems.

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What is the delivery approach of the Waterfall Model?

The Waterfall Model lacks the ability to deliver software incrementally, meaning the entire product is delivered as a single unit at the end.

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How flexible is the phase sequencing in the Waterfall Model?

The Waterfall Model is rigid in its sequencing, requiring each phase to fully complete before the next can start, making it challenging to adapt to real-world projects.

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How does the Waterfall Model handle phase overlap?

The Waterfall Model's sequential nature can cause idle periods for team members as they wait for the completion of previous phases, potentially leading to inefficient resource allocation.

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How does the Waterfall Model cater to evolving customer needs?

The Waterfall Model often struggles to respond adequately to changing customer requirements, leading to dissatisfaction with the final product.

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How does the Waterfall Model manage integration and testing?

Integration and testing are delayed until the end in the Waterfall Model, potentially causing significant rework and delays to resolve issues.

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Study Notes

Software Development and Computational Techniques (CPE 307)

  • Course title: Software Development and Computational Techniques
  • Course code: CPE 307
  • Lecturer: Dr. Engr. A. A. Sobowale Esq.
  • Co-lecturer: A. A. Soladoye

Introduction (Chapter One)

  • Software Development: Systematic collection of good program development practices and techniques
  • Reason for Systematic Software Development: Professional software development intended for use by others usually developed by teams
  • Definition of Software: Computer programs and associated documentation, often developed for a specific customer or a general market
  • Attributes of good software:
    • Deliverability of the users' expected functionality and performance.
    • Maintainability by being able to adapt
    • Dependability: Smooth operation and security.
    • Usability, easy use by the user

Software Development Process (Chapter Two)

  • Development Process: Planning and managing software development activities

  • Software development process activities:

    • Software specification/Requirement Engineering
    • Software development
    • Software validation
    • Software evolution

  • Feasibility Study: Estimation if the software and technology is suitable

  • Requirements Analysis and Definition: understanding and defining what services are required from the system.

  • System and Software Design: Transforms requirements into a suitable structure for a code base.

  • Implementation & Unit Testing: Translating designs into working code and ensuring individual units operate correctly

  • Integration and System Testing: Integrating units and putting the system into operation. Testing the integrated system.

  • Operation & Maintenance: Deploying and maintaining the system, fixing issues and enhancing functionality.

Software Process Models (Chapter Three)

  • Process Paradigms: Different approaches to software development
  • Classical Waterfall Model: Sequential processes, no rework, difficult to accommodate change
  • Iterative Waterfall Model: Provides feedback at every stage to rework and correct errors
  • V-model: An extension of the waterfall model, testing is integrated into each phase
  • Incremental Waterfall Model: Delivering functional increments of a product
  • Evolutionary Model: Building and refining software incrementally with feedback from each version.
  • Rapid Application Development (RAD): iterative approach with rapid prototyping.
  • Agile Development Models: Emphasizing flexibility, iterative development, and frequent feedback.

Software Project Management (Chapter Four)

  • Software project management: essential for professional software engineering, handling budget and schedule constraints, delivering high-quality software.
  • Difference between software engineering and other engineering: intangible product, variability and organization specific processes, intellect-intensive work.
  • Objectives: Delivery within the agreed time, budget, meeting customer expectations, and an effective development team.
  • Roles of Software Manager: Project planning, risk management, communication, and people management.
  • Risk Management: Identifying and minimizing risks that may affect the project like staff turnover, changes in technology, organizational restructuring, etc, and mitigating them.

Algorithm Development (Chapter Five)

  • Algorithm Development: Designing and creating step-by-step procedures for solving problems.

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CPE 307 Software Development Lecture Notes PDF

Description

This quiz covers the basics of software development and computational techniques as outlined in the CPE 307 course. You will explore definitions, attributes of good software, and the software development process, providing a solid foundation for understanding the field. Ideal for students looking to deepen their knowledge in software engineering principles.

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