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Software Design Principles Quiz
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Software Design Principles Quiz

Created by
@HealthyFreesia

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of UML state diagrams?

  • To represent data flow between system components
  • To create a sequence of interactions within the system
  • To document software requirements
  • To model how system elements respond to external events (correct)

    • Which step is NOT part of the process in creating behavioral models?

  • Review the behavioral model for accuracy
  • Create an object diagram (correct)
  • Evaluate all use cases
  • Build a state diagram

    • What does an event represent in the context of a use case?

  • The sequence of activities performed by the actor
  • The information that has been exchanged
  • The completion of a specific use case activity
  • The point of information exchange between the actor and the system (correct)

    • How do swimlane diagrams primarily assist in the context of use cases?

    <p>By representing which actor is responsible for each action described</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about UML state diagrams is accurate?

    <p>They depict the response of system elements to triggering events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of a class that can be defined in analysis?

    <p>It should have attributes that clarify its meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of operation defined for an analysis class?

    <p>Operations that perform physical tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the focus when defining major attributes for a potential class?

    <p>Attributes should be applicable to all instances of the class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Class-Responsibility-Collaborator (CRC) model consist of?

    <p>Index cards representing classes with responsibilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential for a potential class to be useful during analysis?

    <p>It should retain information that needs to be remembered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When selecting attributes for an analysis class, which approach is recommended?

    <p>Studying use cases to determine relevant attributes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for defining operations in a potential class?

    <p>Operations require knowledge of class attributes and associations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attributes should a potential class focus on?

    <p>Major information applicable to the class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the primary focus when building models?

    <p>Creating models with explicit purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle emphasizes adapting models to the specific system being developed?

    <p>Principle #6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be established before writing any code?

    <p>An understanding of the problem to be solved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is concerned with conducting a code review?

    <p>Principle #10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should all tests be traceable to, according to the testing principles?

    <p>Customer requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle emphasizes the importance of planning tests well in advance?

    <p>Principle #1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after completing the first coding pass?

    <p>Conduct a code walkthrough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does structured programming practice help to ensure?

    <p>Improved program readability and maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the KISS principle emphasize in software design?

    <p>Design should be as simple as possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary reason software projects are initiated?

    <p>To correct defects in existing applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a task set in software engineering?

    <p>Tasks, work products, and quality assurance filters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about software process assessment is true?

    <p>It can be performed using numerical measures or software analytics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge do prescriptive process models face in software engineering?

    <p>They struggle to accommodate rapid changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is planning ahead for reuse important in software development?

    <p>It helps to reduce costs and add value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of a software process not ensuring quality characteristics?

    <p>Existing processes might not meet customer expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect to consider when adopting a loose structure in software processes?

    <p>It may lead to a lack of coordination in software work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding the scope of a project?

    <p>It provides a roadmap for the software team to follow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a feature is unclear during a discussion?

    <p>Draw a picture to clarify the feature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to involve the customer in the planning activity?

    <p>To define priorities and constraints of the project.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does adjusting granularity in planning refer to?

    <p>Altering the level of detail introduced in the project plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized by the principle that negotiation is not a contest?

    <p>Both parties should aim for win-win outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a project plan include regarding quality assurance?

    <p>A strategy for ensuring quality standards are met.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of an effective software team according to agile modeling principles?

    <p>To build software rather than focus on modeling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planning principle emphasizes tracking progress and making adjustments?

    <p>Track the plan frequently and make adjustments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Software Design Principles

    • KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) emphasizes creating simple designs for effectiveness.
    • A clear vision is crucial for guiding software projects.
    • Acknowledge that what is produced will be consumed by others.
    • Flexibility for future changes is essential; avoid cornering designs.
    • Planning for reuse minimizes costs while enhancing value.
    • Thoughtful planning leads to better outcomes.

    Starting a Software Project

    • Software projects typically arise from a business need, such as:
      • Correcting defects in existing applications.
      • Adapting legacy systems to evolving business contexts.
      • Extending functionalities of existing applications.
      • Creating entirely new products, services, or systems.

    Process Models

    • A task set includes:
      • A list of tasks to complete.
      • A list of products to produce.
      • Quality assurance processes to implement.

    Process Assessment and Improvement

    • A software process does not guarantee timely delivery or quality outcomes.
    • Basic process criteria must be assessed for successful engineering.
    • Use metrics and analytics for assessing software processes.

    Prescriptive Process Models

    • These models advocate for orderly software engineering.
    • Questions arise about their adaptability to a rapidly changing environment.
    • Communicate clearly and stay focused; minimize topic bouncing during discussions.
    • Use visuals to clarify unclear concepts.
    • Emphasize progress in discussions, even if consensus isn't reached.

    Planning Principles

    • Understand the project scope as it provides direction.
    • Involve customers in planning to define priorities and constraints.
    • Acknowledge that planning is an iterative process; adapt as necessary.
    • Provide estimates based on current understanding of the work.
    • Identify and plan for risks in project planning.
    • Adjust the level of detail (granularity) based on project needs.
    • Clearly define quality assurance measures in plans.
    • Prepare for necessary changes due to project dynamics.
    • Regularly track progress and make adjustments to stay on schedule.

    Agile Modeling Principles

    • Focus on building software rather than just creating models.
    • Simplify modeling efforts to avoid unnecessary complexity.
    • Ensure models can be modified easily and state clear purposes for creation.
    • Adapt models specifically to the system being developed.
    • Prioritize useful over perfect models, maintain flexibility in syntax.
    • Seek feedback early in the modeling stage.

    Construction Principles - Coding

    • Preparation:
      • Comprehend the problem scope and design principles before coding.
      • Select appropriate programming languages and environments.
      • Establish unit tests beforehand.
    • Coding:
      • Adhere to structured programming practices.
      • Consider collaborative techniques like pair programming.
      • Understand and align with software architecture.
    • Validation:
      • Conduct code walkthroughs and perform unit testing.
      • Refactor code to enhance quality.

    Agile Testing Principles

    • Ensure testing correlates with customer requirements.
    • Plan tests in advance of the testing phase.

    Analysis Class Selection

    • Focus on retained information that has significance.
    • Identify services that a potential class will perform.
    • Emphasize classes with multiple attributes and common operations.
    • Define essential classes based on external entities relevant to the solution.

    Defining Attributes and Operations

    • Attributes clarify class characteristics within the problem context.
    • Operations dictate an object’s behavior and are categorized into:
      • Data manipulation.
      • Computation.
      • State inquiries.
      • Event monitoring.

    CRC Modeling

    • Class-responsibility-collaborator (CRC) modeling helps organize relevant classes.
    • Utilize UML state diagrams to show how system components respond to events.

    Behavioral Models Creation

    • Evaluate use cases to understand interactions.
    • Identify significant events that govern interaction sequences.
    • Create sequence and state diagrams to model behaviors accurately.
    • Review the behavioral model for precision and coherence.

    Identifying Events

    • Events capture the exchange of information between actors and systems.
    • Examining use cases can reveal important information exchange points.

    Swimlane Diagrams

    • Swimlane diagrams visually represent activity flows across different actors or classes in use cases.
    • Responsibilities are segmented to clarify roles in the process.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on essential software design principles including the KISS principle, maintaining a clear vision, and planning for reuse. This quiz covers the foundational ideas that guide the development of efficient and effective software systems.

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