Podcast
Questions and Answers
Explain/define soft determinism.
Explain/define soft determinism.
Soft determinism is the belief that human behavior is determined by external factors but free will still exists, claiming that human freedom and moral responsibility are incomprehensible without determinism.
According to soft determinism, what makes an act free?
According to soft determinism, what makes an act free?
An act is free unless it has been forced by another person.
What else does a soft determinist state?
What else does a soft determinist state?
All acts are caused, but being caused does not mean being forced or compelled.
What are the two types of causes according to soft determinism?
What are the two types of causes according to soft determinism?
Signup and view all the answers
Define internal cause.
Define internal cause.
Signup and view all the answers
Define external cause.
Define external cause.
Signup and view all the answers
What does the distinction between internal and external causes show?
What does the distinction between internal and external causes show?
Signup and view all the answers
What does it mean when a person acts freely?
What does it mean when a person acts freely?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Soft Determinism Overview
- Coined by William James, soft determinism asserts that while behaviors are influenced by external factors, free will still operates.
- Known as "compatibilism," this belief maintains that determinism and free will can coexist harmoniously.
- Human freedom and moral responsibility are seen as incomprehensible without an understanding of determinism.
Freedom Under Soft Determinism
- Actions are considered free unless they are coerced by another individual.
- Soft determinists argue that believing in determinism does not negate the existence of freedom.
- The theory posits that universal causation does not eliminate freedom; rather, it exists alongside mental and physical processes.
Choice and Causation
- Every choice is influenced by prior causes, but genuine free will persists as long as there’s no external compulsion.
- Causation in soft determinism involves being influenced rather than being forcibly directed; choices are made voluntarily.
Types of Causes
- Internal causes refer to actions originating from one's own volition or desires.
- External causes occur when actions are involuntary, usually dictated by outside pressures or constraints.
Internal Causes
- Defined as voluntary acts where individuals use their own free will to make decisions.
- Example: Choosing to travel abroad for leisure.
External Causes
- Defined as involuntary actions where individuals are compelled to act against their own wishes.
- Example: Departing a country due to expulsion by authorities.
Moral Responsibility and Determinism
- The distinction between internal and external causes illustrates that determinism supports moral accountability.
- Example: Not giving blood out of personal choice reflects moral responsibility; neglecting due to a blood type incompatibility does not imply moral failing.
Free Acts and Causation
- Acting freely does not mean actions are uncaused; it signifies the absence of compulsion.
- Free agents may have their actions influenced by prior circumstances yet retain the autonomy to choose without external pressure.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the principles of soft determinism, also known as compatibilism, introduced by William James. This quiz delves into how determinism and free will coexist, the nature of human freedom, and the role of choice in causal relationships. Test your understanding of how influences shape decisions while preserving the essence of free will.
