23 Questions
What is the primary function of sodium in the body?
All of the above
What is the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for sodium?
Less than 2,300 mg per day
What is the expected reference range for sodium levels in the body?
136 to 145 mEq/L
What is the definition of hyponatremia?
Sodium levels below 136 mEq/L
What is the most common cause of hyponatremia?
Excess water intake
Which medication most commonly results in hyponatremia?
Diuretics
What is the definition of hypernatremia?
Sodium levels above 145 mEq/L
Which of the following conditions can lead to hyponatremia?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a potential neurological manifestation of moderate hyponatremia?
Muscle paralysis
If hyponatremia becomes severe, which of the following may occur?
Muscle twitching
Which test is NOT mentioned as a diagnostic tool for hyponatremia?
Complete blood count (CBC)
Which of the following foods is considered high in sodium?
Roasted ham
In the treatment of hyponatremia, what is the rationale for raising sodium levels slowly?
To prevent further neurologic complications
If the cause of hyponatremia is related to excessive water intake, what treatment approach is mentioned?
Fluid restriction
Which of the following statements about hyponatremia is NOT true?
Hyponatremia always results in increased sodium excretion
If the cause of hyponatremia is related to sodium and fluid losses, what treatment approach is mentioned?
Intravenous fluid administration
What is the most common cause of hypernatremia?
Loss of body water
Which condition may lead to both hyponatremia and hypernatremia?
Chronic kidney disease
What is a common symptom of high sodium levels in hypernatremia?
Confusion
How does dehydration contribute to hypernatremia?
By stimulating the thirst response
What manifestation may be present in both hyponatremia and hypernatremia?
Confusion
In which group is dehydration most commonly diagnosed due to a diminished thirst response?
Infants and older adults
What should individuals with hypernatremia consume to help restore electrolyte balance?
Sports drinks with electrolytes
Test your knowledge on sodium, the body's most common extracellular electrolyte. Learn about its functions in neurologic and neuromuscular function, fluid balance, and blood pressure regulation. Explore the recommended dietary allowance for sodium and the reference range for sodium levels in the body.
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