Questions and Answers
What does Socrates believe constitutes the true self?
According to Socrates, what happens to the body and soul at death?
Which quote is associated with Socrates regarding the examination of life?
What is the primary nature of the soul according to Plato?
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What motivates Socrates to seek knowledge of the self?
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What aspect of the soul does Plato consider mortal?
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What does Socrates believe is the outcome of true knowledge?
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What philosophical belief does Socrates hold regarding exile?
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Which components is the soul divided into according to Plato?
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What key understanding does Socrates argue is essential for self-awareness?
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Study Notes
Socrates (496-399 B.C.)
- Believed the self consists of two parts: the physical, tangible, and mortal aspects, and the immortal soul.
- Thought that when alive, the body and soul are attached, but when we die, the body stays in the physical realm, and the soul travels to the ideal realm, making it immortal.
- Believed the true self is not identified with material possessions, social status, reputation, or the body, but rather with the soul.
- Famous for the dictums "Ignorance is the beginning of wisdom" and "Know thyself", emphasizing the importance of acknowledging ignorance to gain true knowledge of oneself.
- True knowledge of oneself is practical knowledge used to improve oneself and overcome limitations.
- Believed that knowing oneself means understanding one's character, not just one's existence.
- Quote "The unexamined life is not worth living" highlights the importance of self-reflection and investigation.
Plato (428-348 B.C.)
- Viewed the self as an "immortal soul in a mortal perishable body".
- Believed the soul has a tripartite nature, consisting of:
- An immortal rational part that existed before becoming part of the body.
- A courageous and spirited part that is mortal and perishes at death.
- An appetitive part that is also mortal and perishes at death.
- Thought that only the rational part of the soul survives after death.
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Description
Explore Socrates' dualistic view of the self, comprising the physical body and immortal soul, and how they interact in life and death.
