Socrates' Philosophy of Self
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Questions and Answers

What does Socrates believe constitutes the true self?

  • Our soul (correct)
  • Our physical body
  • Our reputation
  • Our social status

    • According to Socrates, what happens to the body and soul at death?

  • The body remains while the soul departs (correct)
  • Both perish together
  • The soul becomes mortal
  • Both ascend to the ideal realm

    • Which quote is associated with Socrates regarding the examination of life?

  • To thine own self be true
  • Know thyself
  • Ignorance is strength
  • The unexamined life is not worth living (correct)

    • What is the primary nature of the soul according to Plato?

    <p>It is rational and immortal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates Socrates to seek knowledge of the self?

    <p>Acceptance of ignorance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the soul does Plato consider mortal?

    <p>Courageous and spirited part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Socrates believe is the outcome of true knowledge?

    <p>Improvement of oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What philosophical belief does Socrates hold regarding exile?

    <p>It hinders the search for truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which components is the soul divided into according to Plato?

    <p>Rational, courageous, and appetitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key understanding does Socrates argue is essential for self-awareness?

    <p>Understanding one's limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Socrates (496-399 B.C.)

    • Believed the self consists of two parts: the physical, tangible, and mortal aspects, and the immortal soul.
    • Thought that when alive, the body and soul are attached, but when we die, the body stays in the physical realm, and the soul travels to the ideal realm, making it immortal.
    • Believed the true self is not identified with material possessions, social status, reputation, or the body, but rather with the soul.
    • Famous for the dictums "Ignorance is the beginning of wisdom" and "Know thyself", emphasizing the importance of acknowledging ignorance to gain true knowledge of oneself.
    • True knowledge of oneself is practical knowledge used to improve oneself and overcome limitations.
    • Believed that knowing oneself means understanding one's character, not just one's existence.
    • Quote "The unexamined life is not worth living" highlights the importance of self-reflection and investigation.

    Plato (428-348 B.C.)

    • Viewed the self as an "immortal soul in a mortal perishable body".
    • Believed the soul has a tripartite nature, consisting of:
      • An immortal rational part that existed before becoming part of the body.
      • A courageous and spirited part that is mortal and perishes at death.
      • An appetitive part that is also mortal and perishes at death.
    • Thought that only the rational part of the soul survives after death.

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    Description

    Explore Socrates' dualistic view of the self, comprising the physical body and immortal soul, and how they interact in life and death.

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