Sociology: Understanding the Common Good

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What is a key characteristic of humans in the 'State of Nature' according to Enlightenment philosophers?

Selfish, egoist, competitive, violent, distrustful and quarrelsome (correct)
Completely rational and calculated
Altruistic and cooperative
Totally isolated and individualistic

What is the main idea behind Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan?

Government should be based on the principles of democracy and representation
Humans are naturally inclined to live in harmony with nature
Humans are inherently selfish and need a strong government to control them (correct)
Humans are born free and equal, and should strive for individual freedom

Which social philosopher is associated with the concept of the 'General Will'?

Immanuel Kant
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Jean Jacques Rousseau (correct)

What is the primary motivation for individuals to enter into a social contract according to Thomas Hobbes?

Fear of death and a desire for good living (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the natural rights that individuals possess according to John Locke?

Right to life, liberty, and property (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of 'consent of the governed' according to John Locke?

The notion that the government is formed through the consent of the individuals (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind John Locke's Social Contract theory?

Government derives its power from the consent of the governed (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of the state of nature according to Thomas Hobbes?

A war of all against all (A) Signup and view all the answers

What drives human beings to establish societies, according to the text?

A desire to relate to others and establish friendships (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common goal of individuals in the state of nature, according to Enlightenment philosophers?

To live in harmony with others (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects of the 'Common Good'?

Peace and order, clean and safe public spaces (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the social contract according to John Locke?

To protect the natural rights of individuals (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Rousseau, what is the role of the government in extreme cases?

It imposes its will on the people (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is associated with the concept of the 'general will'?

Jean Jacques Rousseau (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the noble savage according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

A being who is inherently good and peaceful (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is associated with the concept of the 'Leviathan'?

Thomas Hobbes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Rousseau's social contract theory?

The people empower the government to act on their behalf (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature among social contract theories?

Individuals enter into an agreement to form a society (C) Signup and view all the answers