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Questions and Answers
Which theory indicates that society is divided into groups with competing ideals and values?
Which theory indicates that society is divided into groups with competing ideals and values?
The Racial Threat Hypothesis suggests that as minority populations grow, crime control efforts decrease.
The Racial Threat Hypothesis suggests that as minority populations grow, crime control efforts decrease.
False
Name one mechanism through which conformity is promoted within society.
Name one mechanism through which conformity is promoted within society.
Informal mechanisms such as family and friends or formal mechanisms such as the law.
According to Conflict Theory, laws reflect the norms and values of the __________ group in society.
According to Conflict Theory, laws reflect the norms and values of the __________ group in society.
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Match the theorist or theory with their primary focus:
Match the theorist or theory with their primary focus:
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What percentage of females in jail report prior abuse?
What percentage of females in jail report prior abuse?
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Criminal activity peaks during early adulthood (ages 18-25).
Criminal activity peaks during early adulthood (ages 18-25).
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What are the two groups identified by Terrie Moffitt in her developmental taxonomy of crime?
What are the two groups identified by Terrie Moffitt in her developmental taxonomy of crime?
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The _____ crime curve shows an increase in crime rate in early adolescence, peaking in mid to late teenage years.
The _____ crime curve shows an increase in crime rate in early adolescence, peaking in mid to late teenage years.
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Match the following concepts to their descriptions:
Match the following concepts to their descriptions:
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What is a reason why minority groups gain power and resources?
What is a reason why minority groups gain power and resources?
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The first wave of the feminist movement focused on women's reproductive rights.
The first wave of the feminist movement focused on women's reproductive rights.
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What major legal decision legalized abortion in the first trimester?
What major legal decision legalized abortion in the first trimester?
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The feminist movement accounted for class, race, and sexuality during its _____ wave.
The feminist movement accounted for class, race, and sexuality during its _____ wave.
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Match the feminist movements with their key focuses:
Match the feminist movements with their key focuses:
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Which of the following describes a common sentiment among whites regarding minority groups?
Which of the following describes a common sentiment among whites regarding minority groups?
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The concept of patriarchy is considered a major blind spot in criminology.
The concept of patriarchy is considered a major blind spot in criminology.
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What primarily supports male domination within the criminal justice system?
What primarily supports male domination within the criminal justice system?
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The Chivalry Hypothesis suggests that women in the justice system are subjected to harsher punishment than men.
The Chivalry Hypothesis suggests that women in the justice system are subjected to harsher punishment than men.
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What is the 'Gendered pathways approach' focused on?
What is the 'Gendered pathways approach' focused on?
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The primary assumption of the _____ Hypothesis is that women are often seen as objects in a male-dominated justice system.
The primary assumption of the _____ Hypothesis is that women are often seen as objects in a male-dominated justice system.
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Match the following hypotheses with their descriptions:
Match the following hypotheses with their descriptions:
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Which of the following best describes the contemporary feminist criminology feature regarding media?
Which of the following best describes the contemporary feminist criminology feature regarding media?
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Economic Marginalization hypothesis posits that most female offenders come from affluent backgrounds.
Economic Marginalization hypothesis posits that most female offenders come from affluent backgrounds.
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What has been observed regarding the arrest rates of girls for status offenses?
What has been observed regarding the arrest rates of girls for status offenses?
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Girls receive harsher punishments because their offenses are often _____ as a threat to traditional gender roles.
Girls receive harsher punishments because their offenses are often _____ as a threat to traditional gender roles.
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Match the following terms with their meanings:
Match the following terms with their meanings:
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Study Notes
Conflict Theory
- Societies are divided into groups with competing ideals and values.
- Groups with more power control society.
- Members of less powerful groups may act according to their internal group norms, even if these conflict with dominant group norms, potentially leading to violations of the law.
- Group and culture conflict can explain criminal behavior and law.
- Mechanisms including informal controls (family and friends) and formal controls (law) help regulate deviation and encourage conformity.
Racial Threat Hypothesis
- Minority racial group population growth can lead to an increase in crime control efforts.
- Whites may experience feelings of threat as minority groups gain power, resources, and political influence.
- These feelings of threat may result in increased crime control efforts aimed at minority groups.
- There is mixed empirical support for this hypothesis.
Feminist Theory
- Focuses on gender and its role in delinquency and juvenile justice
- Three waves of feminism; the first wave focused on suffrage, the second on reproductive rights, and the third on intersectionality, addressing gender through the lens of class, race, and sexuality.
- Feminist CJ theory critiques how CJ policies often reflect and reinforce patriarchal norms, resulting in negative consequences for women.
Feminist Theory of CJS
- Critiques the justice system's focus on male-dominated perspectives.
- Acknowledges female experiences and unique vulnerabilities within CJ systems.
- Includes focus on masculinity, gender and age gaps in serious crime, and media portrayals.
- Recognizes the importance of women's studies.
Developmental and Life Course Theories
- Criminal activity often peaks in adolescence and then declines in later life.
- These theories focus on how criminal behavior develops throughout a person's life.
- Factors such as social experiences, opportunities, and relationships influence life course trajectories.
- Moffitt's developmental taxonomy differentiates between adolescence-limited and life-course persistent offenders.
- Some research indicates biological and genetic factors might play a role in persistent offenders
Integrating Criminal Theory
- Elliott supported integrating various theories.
- There are different ways to integrate theories: conceptual, propositional, within-level, and cross-level.
- Sociologists like Thornberry and Krohn have contributed work in theory integration.
Consensus and Functionalist Theory
- Consensus theory suggests societies have shared values and that laws reflect these values.
- Formal system of laws and enforcement reinforce these shared values.
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Description
This quiz explores key concepts of Conflict Theory, Racial Threat Hypothesis, and Feminist Theory in sociology. It delves into how these theories explain social dynamics, criminal behavior, and societal responses to group conflicts. Test your understanding of these essential frameworks in sociology.
