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Questions and Answers
What is the focus of sociology?
Which family structure commonly includes grandparents and occasionally unmarried aunts and uncles?
How does a family with closed boundaries impact its members' health?
Which type of family is described as becoming increasingly rare in Pakistan?
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What defines a secondary social group?
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Which response correctly identifies a primary social group example?
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What additional role should health professionals play concerning patient care?
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Why is the family influence seen maximized in psychiatric disorders?
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What does a 'carer's burden' refer to in the context of health and sociology?
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What change in family structure occurs due to the presence of an ill member?
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Study Notes
Sociology
- Sociology is the scientific study of patterns and systems of human action, focusing on social structure and social interactions.
The Role of Sociology in Health
- Social determinants of health and disease are studied in sociology, including:
- Family structure and functioning
- Social groups
Family
- Family is the basic unit of a society, comprising two or more people related by blood, marriage, or adoption living together.
- Types of family structures:
- Traditional Joint Family: Grandparents, parents, siblings, and cousins living together.
- Extended Family: Includes parents, grandparents (mostly paternal), and occasionally unmarried aunts and uncles.
- Nuclear Family: Parents living with their children alone.
- Single Parent Family: A single parent, often a mother, living alone with her children.
- Family structure and functioning influence health and disease patterns and reactions.
- Closed boundaries within a family can lead to enmeshment or loss of boundaries, resulting in serious mental and physical health issues.
- Open boundaries with strong ties to each other form the basis of healthy interactions and better physical and emotional health.
Social Groups
- A group is formed based on a common purpose that can influence social groups.
- Types of social groups:
- Like-minded Group: A group bound by interaction (kinship), e.g. a mosque.
- Secondary Group: Formed based on common interest or allegiances, e.g. a dairy cooperative.
Family Influence on Health and Disease
- Family plays a significant role in influencing health and disease by:
- Responding to symptoms
- Coping with stress
- Following health advice
- Allowing illness to affect close relationships
- Illness affects the structure and functioning of the family, maximally seen in:
- Psychiatric disorders
- Chronic illnesses
- Head injuries
- Stroke
- Infectious diseases (hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV-AIDS, skin diseases, and neurological disorders)
The Role of Health Professionals
- Health professionals should be familiar with the concept of "carer's burden" and its impact on the carer's health.
- Health professionals must play a role in decision-making regarding:
- Pathways to care
- Treatment
- Adherence to treatment
- Health professionals should regularly draw genograms (family trees) of patients' families to familiarize themselves with the structure and functioning of the family.
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Description
Explore the role of sociology in understanding health and disease, including social determinants and their impact on well-being.
