Sociology of Groups in the Community

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Questions and Answers

What factors shape who we are?

Hereditary factors and environment

Family and community groups only

Genetic make-up, environment, and experiences (correct)

Standards, values, belief systems, and norms

All groups are long-term gatherings.

False

What is a group defined as?

Two or more individuals who are connected, involved, share a common ideal and have meaningful contact.

Groups form for many different ____________________.

reasons Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of family groups?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Match the following group types with their definitions:

Family and friendship groups = Kinship ties or social bonds based on ancestry, marriage or adoption. Unknown = Groups based on shared interests or hobbies. Community groups = Groups formed for a specific purpose or goal. Signup and view all the answers

Group structures can never be destructive or divisive.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of engaging with groups in the community?

To achieve goals, realise personal wellbeing and enhance our sense of belonging. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal that an individual may achieve through group involvement?

Self-transcendence Signup and view all the answers

In a well-balanced group, roles are randomly assigned to members.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of socioemotional roles in a group?

Group cohesion Signup and view all the answers

Individuals within groups are likely to identify with common ____________________ and standards.

values, belief systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an individual's suggestions or contributions being ignored or rejected in a group?

Negative impact on wellbeing and personal esteem Signup and view all the answers

Match the following group roles with their descriptions:

Task-oriented = To ensure tasks are achieved Socioemotional = To maintain/build relationships Destructive = To influence the group's progress Signup and view all the answers

In a group, members are expected to contribute to the established goals of the group.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of an individual experiencing enhanced social and emotional wellbeing in a group?

Increased self-esteem and feelings of self-worth Signup and view all the answers

Norms may be established formally as ____________________, or they may be an implied or expected standard of behaviour observed by the group.

rules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a socioemotional role in a group?

Peace-maker Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of an individual feeling a sense of belonging within a group?

Higher levels of personal fulfillment Signup and view all the answers

Cultural awareness programs are not valuable in understanding group interactions.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the relationships between group members?

group cohesion Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, we need ______________ and belonging to feel a sense of acceptance.

love Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that individuals may respond to rejection or non-acceptance by a group?

Re-evaluate their position and adapt to the situation Signup and view all the answers

Hereditary factors have no influence on an individual's development.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that gender expectations are shaped?

Consciously or subconsciously, we employ strategies that reinforce our perceptions of masculinity or femininity. Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with high ______________ are often outgoing.

self-esteem Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Sense of belonging = Feeling like one fits in with others Cultural awareness = Understanding norms, values, and social cues Group cohesion = Strong relationships between group members Hereditary factors = Influence of genes on individual development Signup and view all the answers

Individuals tend to feel that life has greater meaning when they are excluded from a group.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why individuals form groups?

To satisfy their needs Signup and view all the answers

Groups are generally considered to be permanent formations.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the three factors that contribute to an individual's positive wellbeing?

satisfaction of their needs, comfort in their environment, and autonomy Signup and view all the answers

The need for security is an identified need on the ___________ level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

second Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reasons for group formation with their descriptions:

Locality = Groups form as a result of its members living in a specific region, area or geographical place Gender = Groups form due to differences in gender, leading to segregation in public amenities and marketing Shared interest = Groups form around a common goal or interest Security = Groups form to realise the need to feel safe and secure Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of being part of a larger group?

Enhanced individual wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

GLBTI individuals and groups are always considered in the formation of specific groups.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for forming a group according to shared interest/common goal?

Individuals tend to seek out others with similar values, interests, and goals Signup and view all the answers

Individuals forming groups around the common goal to help others or heighten their own wellbeing is becoming more prevalent, with research indicating that more Australian individuals and families are engaging in ___________.

volunteer vacations Signup and view all the answers

Mobs are groups who gather permanently for a specific reason.

False Signup and view all the answers

What may change if a team has individuals who are highly skilled and capable?

The leadership style to become more democratic or consultative Signup and view all the answers

A leader's personal values are derived from attitudes about others in the group.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of attitude on a group?

Attitude has a huge impact on the culture, environment, and mood of a group. Signup and view all the answers

The relationship between the leader and the group itself is significant, and a leader who believes strongly in teamwork may adopt a ____________________ style.

democratic Signup and view all the answers

Match the following leadership styles with their descriptions:

Democratic = Leader believes strongly in teamwork and adopts a collaborative approach Transformational = Leader encourages members to self-manage and work towards their own transformation Laissez-faire = Leader gives group members freedom to make their own decisions Signup and view all the answers

A group with a transformational leader will always have a competitive environment between group members.

False Signup and view all the answers

Why do minority groups live in close geographic proximity?

To heighten their sense of security Signup and view all the answers

The Sex Discrimination Bill was passed in 2009.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of a group that forms to satisfy the need for social interaction?

Males having a regular 'meet' at the football Signup and view all the answers

The religious landscape of Australia is diversifying in line with multicultural _______________________.

immigration Signup and view all the answers

Match the following groups with their purposes:

GLBTI individuals = Form social groups in response to shared values, beliefs and experiences Reformed alcoholics = Meet to work through their problems Stay-at-home parents = Meet to chat about their lives and give their children opportunities to play together Signup and view all the answers

All groups are long-term.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cultural practices being acknowledged and shared within a group?

Enhanced individual and group wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

Why do individuals join groups?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

The celebrations of _______________________ Year are indicative of cultural traditions.

Chinese New Signup and view all the answers

Group membership is generally associated with decreased esteem.

False Signup and view all the answers

When an individual joins a group, they may need to change or modify their behavior to "fit in" with the expected norms of the group. What is the consequence of failure to conform?

Rejection by or isolation from other group members Signup and view all the answers

A group that observes a common set of values and established norms that are accepted by all group members is likely to be highly ineffective and non-cohesive.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between self-confidence and self-esteem?

The relationship between self-confidence and self-esteem is very close. If individuals are confident with their own abilities, they are more likely to take on challenges, which can increase self-confidence and thus self-esteem. Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with high self-esteem will generally be more ______________________ and self-assured, and will project confidence when in the presence of others.

outgoing Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of previous experience on an individual's role within a group?

It can be both positive and negative Signup and view all the answers

An individual's level of academic education, qualifications, and work history have no impact on their role within a group.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following personal factors with their descriptions:

Self-esteem = An individual's self-perception, self-value or self-worth Self-confidence = The belief in one's own abilities, leading to taking on challenges Education = The level of academic education, qualifications, and work history Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a group lacking norms and shared values?

Community disharmony in the form of disputes, acts of violence, and vandalism. Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with low self-esteem are likely to be more ______________________ and self-conscious when contributing to a group.

withdrawn Signup and view all the answers

An individual's previous experience has no impact on their ability to respect authority within a group.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a leader?

High self-esteem Signup and view all the answers

A leader should always lead by example.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does a self-leader possess?

A developed sense of who they are, possess a surety of their knowledge and capabilities, and have a clear vision of their goals. Signup and view all the answers

A leader's direction is determined by their own personal ____________________.

values, standards, and beliefs Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of task-oriented leaders?

Focus on processes required to complete a task Signup and view all the answers

People-oriented leaders focus on the relationships and interrelationships of individuals involved with the task completion.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is a trait of a self-leader?

Enthusiasm and vision Signup and view all the answers

Match the following leadership styles with their descriptions:

Task-oriented = Focus on the processes required to complete a task People-oriented = Focus on the relationships and interrelationships of individuals involved with the task completion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of sporting and leisure groups?

To provide a fun and interactive way for members to get fit and healthy Signup and view all the answers

According to the 2011 Census, 50% of the Australian population adhered to Christianity.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mission of religious groups?

To promote spiritual growth and nurture the individual and their community Signup and view all the answers

Cultural groups are based on the geographic area in which a group originated or developed, and share social and cultural ____________________

characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for groups that are formed around the common beliefs, traditions, and values held by a specific doctrine or faith?

Religious groups Signup and view all the answers

Friendship groups are looked upon as a primary group type.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of study and work groups?

To provide a sense of connection, engagement, and inclusion, which heightens personal satisfaction and wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

Match the following group types with their characteristics:

Religious groups = Formed around the common beliefs, traditions, and values held by a specific doctrine or faith Cultural groups = Based on the geographic area in which a group originated or developed Sporting and leisure groups = Primary purpose is to provide a fun and interactive way for members to get fit and healthy Study and work groups = Provide a sense of connection, engagement, and inclusion, which heightens personal satisfaction and wellbeing Signup and view all the answers

According to the 2011 Census, 2.5% of the Australian population identified as ____________________

Indigenous Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for groups that are formed to engage in labour for the good of others?

Service work groups Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)

Option 3 Signup and view all the answers

This is an example statement that is true

False Signup and view all the answers

Example question?

example answer Signup and view all the answers

The ______ barked

dog Signup and view all the answers

Match the following programming languages with their primary usage:

Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages Signup and view all the answers

What is an effect of an Autocratic leadership style on group wellbeing?

Decreased morale Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of power in a group?

An individual's or group's ability to do something or bring about change Signup and view all the answers

A leader's expertise and experience are not important factors in determining their effectiveness.

False Signup and view all the answers

In a group, a leader's power base is solely based on their position.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between attributed power and actual power?

Attributed power is when group members recognize or perceive an individual's strength or abilities, while actual power is when an individual brings about actual change by making use of their own resources or abilities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a leader and a manager?

A leader leads people, while a manager manages tasks Signup and view all the answers

Power bases can be categorized into ____________________ types, including Legitimate, Reward, Coercive, Referent, and Expert.

five Signup and view all the answers

The type of task can influence the leadership style used, with task-oriented leaders adopting an ______ style in emergency situations.

autocratic Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Democratic (collaborative/shared) leadership style?

Involving group members in decision-making Signup and view all the answers

Match the following power bases with their descriptions:

Legitimate = A leader's position in a group Reward = A leader's ability to give merits or awards Coercive = A leader's ability to take away privileges Referent = A leader's influence based on their attributes Expert = A leader's knowledge or expertise in a field Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way individual group members can exercise power over one another?

Member-to-member communication Signup and view all the answers

How can a leader empower individual group members?

By encouraging them to take on leadership roles, recognizing their special skills and talents, and praising and rewarding them for their active involvement in the group. Signup and view all the answers

In a group, a leader's power is the only type of power that exists.

False Signup and view all the answers

A leader's power can be influenced by their ____________________ and strengths.

capabilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of an effective leader in a group?

To demonstrate common desirable characteristics and carry out similar tasks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of collecting data in qualitative research?

Observations Signup and view all the answers

A researcher's bias can be eliminated by using a systematic and thorough recording method.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is a sociogram used for?

A sociogram is used to record interrelationships between individuals, such as within a peer group, workplace, or family. Signup and view all the answers

Observations can be either _ (where the observer participates in the activity) or _ (where the observer does not participate).

participant, non-participant Signup and view all the answers

Match the following advantages of observation with their descriptions:

Provides opportunity for viewing or participating in unscheduled events = Provides direct access to the social phenomena under consideration Allows for richly detailed description = Provides a permanent record Provides direct access to the social phenomena under consideration = Allows for richly detailed description Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a 'field book' in observation?

To record observations Signup and view all the answers

The presence of the observer can influence the behaviour of those being observed.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of recording non-verbal indicators of feelings during observation?

To collect data to determine group dynamics and interactions. Signup and view all the answers

In a group, males are often expected to take on the _ role, while females are expected to take on the _ role.

lead, record-keeping Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using photographic observation with supporting comments?

It adds validity to findings Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Groups in the Community

Each individual is unique, shaped by factors such as hereditary, environment, and experiences.
Groups are formed for various reasons, including to achieve goals, realise personal wellbeing, and enhance a sense of belonging.
Types of groups include:
- Family and friendship groups (based on kinship ties or social bonds)
- Sporting and leisure groups (oriented towards physical activity and social interaction)
- Study and work groups (focusing on academic or professional goals)

Group Effectiveness

Factors that contribute to an individual's positive wellbeing within a group include:
- Satisfaction of needs
- Comfort in the environment (physical and socioemotional)
- Autonomy (ability to control one's destiny)
- Effective communication

Reasons for Group Formation

Reasons for group formation include:
- Locality/geography (groups formed based on shared geographic location)
- Gender (groups formed based on shared gender identity)
- Shared interest/common goal (groups formed around shared values, interests, and goals)
- Security (groups formed to meet the need for safety and security)
- Sexuality (groups formed around shared sexual orientation or identity)
- Specific need (groups formed to address specific needs or circumstances)
- Social interaction (groups formed to satisfy the need for social interaction)

Roles Individuals Adopt Within Groups

Roles within groups can be:
- Task-oriented (focused on achieving tasks)
- Socioemotional (focused on maintaining/building relationships)
- Destructive (focused on influencing the group's progress)
Examples of task-oriented roles include:
- Expert
- Brainstormer
- Judge
- Chairperson
Examples of socioemotional roles include:
- Peacemaker
- Encourager
- Advocate
Examples of destructive roles include:
- Victim
- Distracter
- Husher

Norms, Conformity, and Cohesiveness

Norms are the code of ethics or standards of behavior within a group.
Conformity to norms is expected, and failure to conform can result in rejection or isolation.
When individuals join a group, they may need to modify their behavior to fit in with the expected norms.
Cohesiveness is promoted when group members conform to norms and share common values.

Factors that Contribute to the Roles People Adopt Within Groups

Personal factors that influence an individual's role within a group include:
- Self-esteem (self-perception, self-value, or self-worth)
- Self-confidence (confidence in one's abilities)
External factors can also shape an individual's role within a group.### Factors Affecting Individual Contribution to a Group
Level of academic education, qualifications, and work history shape an individual's role within a group.
Higher education is often linked to better decision-making, but this is not always the case.
Life experiences and skills learned outside of the classroom can be equally valuable.
Previous experiences, including lessons learned from life events and workplace roles, can positively or negatively impact an individual's behavior within a group.

Sense of Belonging

Identifying with a group can lead to higher levels of personal fulfillment and a sense of ownership over group decisions.
Individuals who feel excluded from a group may experience anxiety, depression, and anger.

Culture

Culturally determined behaviors within groups can be misunderstood if not discussed.
Cultural awareness programs can help group members understand the norms, values, and social cues of diverse members.
This understanding can strengthen the roles of culturally diverse group members.

Heredity

Genetic factors, such as physical appearance and intelligence, can influence an individual's role within a group.
Hereditary factors can also impact an individual's ability to contribute to a group.

Relationships between group members, including peer acceptance, can impact an individual's role within a group.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs shows that love and belonging are essential for self-esteem and self-confidence.

Power Within Groups

Power and control are interchanged terms when considering leadership roles.
Power can be attributed (based on professional status, education, or experience) or actual (based on an individual's ability to bring about change).
Power bases include legitimate, reward, coercive, and referent power.

Leadership

Effective leaders demonstrate characteristics such as intelligence, dependability, competence, and creativity.
Leadership styles can be autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, or transformational, each with its own characteristics and outcomes.
The ability of a leader to communicate effectively and adapt to situations is crucial for success.

Factors Influencing Leadership

Factors such as the type of task, knowledge and skills within the group, attitudes of individuals, and relationships between group members can impact the style of leadership used in a given situation.
Effective leaders bring people together, communicate direction, and are motivating and inspiring.

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Description

This quiz explores the formation and types of groups in the community, including family, friendship, sporting, leisure, study, and work groups. It also delves into the factors that shape individuality and the reasons for group formation.