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According to the course content, one of the following is a term that is often used interchangeably with violence in familial contexts.
According to the course content, one of the following is a term that is often used interchangeably with violence in familial contexts.
According to the definition provided in this course, domestic violence primarily serves to maintain what ____________
According to the definition provided in this course, domestic violence primarily serves to maintain what ____________
_________ is NOT a perspective for studying domestic violence mentioned in this course content.
_________ is NOT a perspective for studying domestic violence mentioned in this course content.
As discussed in this course, ___________ is a significant factor that has increased the risk of family violence during the global pandemic.
As discussed in this course, ___________ is a significant factor that has increased the risk of family violence during the global pandemic.
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According to the information provided in the course of the semester, _________ represents a group that is primarily recognized as more vulnerable to domestic violence.
According to the information provided in the course of the semester, _________ represents a group that is primarily recognized as more vulnerable to domestic violence.
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Which of the following forms of abuse is NOT included in the broad definition of domestic violence?
Which of the following forms of abuse is NOT included in the broad definition of domestic violence?
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The theoretical perspective on domestic violence that addresses the role of power relations is _________
The theoretical perspective on domestic violence that addresses the role of power relations is _________
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Family violence, including domestic violence, typically occurs in which setting?
Family violence, including domestic violence, typically occurs in which setting?
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One of these is a common misconception about domestic violence regarding the victims.
One of these is a common misconception about domestic violence regarding the victims.
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What does social learning theory suggest about the nature of family violence?
What does social learning theory suggest about the nature of family violence?
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According to the feminist perspective on domestic violence, which factor is primarily linked to the violence in families?
According to the feminist perspective on domestic violence, which factor is primarily linked to the violence in families?
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________ is a typical assumption made based on observations about children who witness domestic violence.
________ is a typical assumption made based on observations about children who witness domestic violence.
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According to the Social Situation/Stress and Coping Perspective, poverty plays the role of ____________ in the context of domestic violence
According to the Social Situation/Stress and Coping Perspective, poverty plays the role of ____________ in the context of domestic violence
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Which intervention strategy is NOT commonly utilized in response to domestic violence?
Which intervention strategy is NOT commonly utilized in response to domestic violence?
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As discussed in this course content, _________ a key point regarding immigrant women and domestic violence.
As discussed in this course content, _________ a key point regarding immigrant women and domestic violence.
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Systems theory states that the feedback mechanism follows one of the following principles.
Systems theory states that the feedback mechanism follows one of the following principles.
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What does the psychiatric/personality perspective emphasize as a contributing factor to domestic violence?
What does the psychiatric/personality perspective emphasize as a contributing factor to domestic violence?
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Physical, sexual, emotional, economic abuse, and psychological actions are all considered forms of domestic violence.
Physical, sexual, emotional, economic abuse, and psychological actions are all considered forms of domestic violence.
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Men are the sole victims of domestic violence and women are never targeted.
Men are the sole victims of domestic violence and women are never targeted.
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The feminist theory of domestic violence does not consider power dynamics as a contributing factor.
The feminist theory of domestic violence does not consider power dynamics as a contributing factor.
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Systems theory of family violence was first proposed by a researcher named Straus in 1973.
Systems theory of family violence was first proposed by a researcher named Straus in 1973.
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Gender-neutral terms like gender-based violence have been used to describe domestic violence in recent discussions.
Gender-neutral terms like gender-based violence have been used to describe domestic violence in recent discussions.
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Family violence is often viewed as an exception to the norm.
Family violence is often viewed as an exception to the norm.
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Donald Dutton is a well-known researcher associated with the psychiatric/personality perspective on domestic violence.
Donald Dutton is a well-known researcher associated with the psychiatric/personality perspective on domestic violence.
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Poverty serves as a direct cause of domestic violence according to the Social Situation/Stress and Coping Perspective.
Poverty serves as a direct cause of domestic violence according to the Social Situation/Stress and Coping Perspective.
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Indigenous women in Canada are statistically less likely to report experiences of physical or sexual violence compared to non-Indigenous women.
Indigenous women in Canada are statistically less likely to report experiences of physical or sexual violence compared to non-Indigenous women.
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Study Notes
Sociology of Families (SOCI 371)
- Course taught by Dr. Gbenga Adejare at the University of Calgary
- Course code SOCI 371
Background
- Violence is common in society
- Sociologists analyze family violence from a collective, structural viewpoint, rather than focusing on individual traits
- Violence exists on a spectrum, from micro to macro levels
- Perspectives on family violence are complex and multifaceted
Background Continued
- Family violence has various names (domestic violence, intimate partner violence, gender-based violence, spousal abuse, family violence)
- The terms violence and abuse are often used interchangeably
- Gender-neutral language, such as gender-based violence, is increasingly used
- The COVID-19 pandemic increased instances of family violence due to lockdowns
- Most family violence occurs within the home
- Abuse between partners (spouses or common-law) is often called domestic violence
Domestic Violence
- Domestic violence (intimate partner violence) is defined by the UN as a pattern of behavior used to gain or maintain power and control within an intimate relationship
- Globally, women are more susceptible to domestic violence than men; however, men can also be victims
- Defining domestic violence considers patriarchy, social context, and the political economy of power dynamics.
- Domestic violence includes a range of abuses (physical, sexual, emotional, economic, psychological actions or inactions, or threats)
- Age, gender, race, class, or religion do not dictate who is a victim of domestic violence; anyone can experience it.
Domestic Violence Continued
- Children can also be victims of domestic violence
- Feminists suggest that the root of domestic violence is power imbalance and control
Theoretical Perspectives on Domestic Violence
- Systems theory
- Feminist theory
- Social learning theory
- Psychiatric/personality theory
- Social situations/stress and coping
Systems Theory of Family Violence
- Straus (1973) first attempted to explain family violence using the systems theory approach.
- The norm is family violence, not the exception
- Cycles of interaction produce violence; this is often a feedback loop.
- Positive feedback exacerbates violence, while negative feedback reduces the likelihood of violence within the family.
- Contributing factors to violence within families include the amount of time spent together, socialization, and stress levels.
Feminist Perspective
- Examining sexual violence (males against females) reveals male dominance as a key driver of family violence.
- Beyond gender, race, class, and sexual orientation are also influential factors.
- Overlapping inequalities amplify or change women's experiences in relation to domestic violence, depending on the specific context
Social Learning Perspective
- People learn violent behaviors through their social environment
- Violence can be a tool to resolve conflict, and can permeate familial discourse
- Individuals in families learn from observing the interactions of their family members
- Ten percent of Canadians reported witnessing parental violence as children; this rises to 21% for Indigenous children.
- Children experiencing or witnessing violence are more likely to perpetuate similar behavior.
Psychiatric/Personality Perspective
- Donald Dutton is an influential researcher in this area.
- Domestic violence is a common discussion point.
- Individual personalities play a role in explaining domestic violence.
- Personal problems are influenced by societal structures outside the family.
Social Situation/Stress and Coping Perspective
- This approach combines individual personalities and societal structures in explaining violence.
- Poverty is not always the cause of violence/abuse.
- However, it does place significant stress on individuals and families.
- Other stressors include racism, class discrimination, and other forms of inequality, often linked to low income
Prevalence of Domestic Violence
- Canada was the first country to conduct a national survey on violence against women and its impact.
- The Canadian Violence Against Women Survey (CVAWS) done by Statistics Canada involved stakeholders.
- This survey was conducted only once.
- Since 1993, prevalence rates were measured via a combination of data from Statistics Canada's General Social Survey (GSS), and crime data from police records.
- Rates have remained relatively stable across different surveys.
- In 2013, 70% of victims of domestic violence did not report their experiences to police.
Prevalence of Domestic Violence Continued
- In 2017, the Canadian government introduced a national gender-based violence strategy focused on preventing and addressing such violence.
- This includes a national knowledge centre and new survey programs
- The Survey on Safety in Public and Private Spaces (SSPPS) was conducted in 2018
Domestic Violence among Vulnerable Families
- Vulnerable families (Indigenous, immigrants) are more likely to face domestic violence.
- Indigenous women are two to four times more likely to report facing violence than other women.
- Immigrant families may experience domestic violence due to socio-economic, cultural, and adjustment stressors.
Domestic Violence among Vulnerable Families Continued
- In some cases, domestic violence is prevalent in First Nations communities and can be considered a symptom of intergenerational trauma.
- Given the diverse nature of immigrant communities, acknowledging this diversity is important regarding interventions for domestic violence.
- Culture does not directly cause domestic violence. It does influence or mediate its expression.
- Cultures are dynamic and change due to social and economic factors.
Domestic Violence among Vulnerable Families Continued
- Research amongst immigrant women in the Maritimes has shown changing gender roles in immigrant families.
- Immigrant women experience greater autonomy and pressure not to reveal family problems.
- These women often feel responsible for family success.
- Recognizing vulnerabilities of sub-groups within Canada's immigrant population is critical for better intervention
Intervention Strategies
- A community-coordinated response to family violence is essential.
- Three common intervention strategies include shelter movements, the criminal justice response, and research-focused action.
- Reporting to police or seeking shelter are well-known options.
- However, these strategies are not always the most effective solutions, particularly for minority groups.
Conclusion
- Family violence is complex and includes episodes of both abuse and affection.
- It is difficult for individuals to disclose their victimization, due to the impact it will have on their families.
- Perpetrators and victims often have personal histories of violence.
- Traditional interventions are improving.
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Description
This quiz explores the sociological perspectives on family violence as discussed in SOCI 371. It analyzes the structural factors contributing to domestic violence, and the complexities of terms used within this context. Gain insights into how family violence is perceived in society, especially in light of recent events like the COVID-19 pandemic.
