Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of suicide deaths in 2020 were accounted for by white males?
What percentage of suicide deaths in 2020 were accounted for by white males?
Which group had the highest rate of suicide deaths in 2020?
Which group had the highest rate of suicide deaths in 2020?
What factor was found to have a positive association with suicide rates across all groups?
What factor was found to have a positive association with suicide rates across all groups?
In 2020, what was the ratio of men to women who died by suicide?
In 2020, what was the ratio of men to women who died by suicide?
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Which theoretical framework is suggested for examining suicide risk and prevention?
Which theoretical framework is suggested for examining suicide risk and prevention?
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What has contributed to the increase in mass incarceration since 1974?
What has contributed to the increase in mass incarceration since 1974?
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Which perspective emphasizes the public safety aspect of incarceration as a manifest function?
Which perspective emphasizes the public safety aspect of incarceration as a manifest function?
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What is one of the latent consequences of mass incarceration identified by Uggen and Manza?
What is one of the latent consequences of mass incarceration identified by Uggen and Manza?
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Which theory suggests that constant labeling can negatively impact an individual's identity?
Which theory suggests that constant labeling can negatively impact an individual's identity?
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What is a key assumption of the structural functional perspective on social problems?
What is a key assumption of the structural functional perspective on social problems?
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Who among the following theorists is associated with the concepts of solidarity and collective consciousness?
Who among the following theorists is associated with the concepts of solidarity and collective consciousness?
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The Gini Coefficient is used to measure what aspect of a society?
The Gini Coefficient is used to measure what aspect of a society?
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What sociological perspective examines the relationship between health disparities and economic stability?
What sociological perspective examines the relationship between health disparities and economic stability?
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Which concept is NOT typically associated with the conflict theory perspective?
Which concept is NOT typically associated with the conflict theory perspective?
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According to recent research, what is a major determinant of health that supersedes biological factors?
According to recent research, what is a major determinant of health that supersedes biological factors?
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What research focus did Wilson investigate related to social issues?
What research focus did Wilson investigate related to social issues?
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Which sub-theory addresses the relationship between societal goals and access to opportunities?
Which sub-theory addresses the relationship between societal goals and access to opportunities?
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Which factor is commonly linked with increased health disparities among lower-income residents?
Which factor is commonly linked with increased health disparities among lower-income residents?
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What was the estimated number of people diagnosed with HIV infection in the United States in 2013?
What was the estimated number of people diagnosed with HIV infection in the United States in 2013?
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What is the estimated number of AIDS-related deaths in the United States overall?
What is the estimated number of AIDS-related deaths in the United States overall?
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Which demographic group has the highest median prevalence of HIV globally?
Which demographic group has the highest median prevalence of HIV globally?
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How many people infected with HIV globally do not know their status?
How many people infected with HIV globally do not know their status?
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What change occurred to the definition of AIDS in 1993?
What change occurred to the definition of AIDS in 1993?
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What percentage of the adult population (ages 15-49) has a median HIV prevalence globally?
What percentage of the adult population (ages 15-49) has a median HIV prevalence globally?
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What was the estimated number of people diagnosed with AIDS in 2013 in the United States?
What was the estimated number of people diagnosed with AIDS in 2013 in the United States?
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Which population has a 9.2% higher median prevalence of HIV compared to the general population?
Which population has a 9.2% higher median prevalence of HIV compared to the general population?
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Which CD4 cell count indicates significant risk for AIDS-defining illnesses?
Which CD4 cell count indicates significant risk for AIDS-defining illnesses?
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Which of the following is considered an AIDS-defining illness?
Which of the following is considered an AIDS-defining illness?
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What term describes the cumulative disadvantages faced by individuals over their life course?
What term describes the cumulative disadvantages faced by individuals over their life course?
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Which population health factor is linked to the concept of 'fundamental social causes of disease'?
Which population health factor is linked to the concept of 'fundamental social causes of disease'?
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What issue is NOT identified by David Williams in the context of health disparities?
What issue is NOT identified by David Williams in the context of health disparities?
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Which infection is specifically characterized by recurrent pneumonia as an AIDS-defining illness?
Which infection is specifically characterized by recurrent pneumonia as an AIDS-defining illness?
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Which of the following reflects a subjective nature in health assessments?
Which of the following reflects a subjective nature in health assessments?
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Which of the following is NOT a listed AIDS-defining illness?
Which of the following is NOT a listed AIDS-defining illness?
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What does the Minority Threat Hypothesis primarily address?
What does the Minority Threat Hypothesis primarily address?
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Which theorist is associated with the concept of the 'Culture of Poverty'?
Which theorist is associated with the concept of the 'Culture of Poverty'?
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What is a central theme of Critical Race Theory as articulated by Daniel Solorzano?
What is a central theme of Critical Race Theory as articulated by Daniel Solorzano?
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What does Anderson's 'Code of the Street' primarily discuss?
What does Anderson's 'Code of the Street' primarily discuss?
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Which research area examines the impact of monetary sanctions on marginalized groups?
Which research area examines the impact of monetary sanctions on marginalized groups?
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What is the focus of the research conducted by Massey & Denton?
What is the focus of the research conducted by Massey & Denton?
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What concept suggests that social identities and behaviors are continuously formed through interactions?
What concept suggests that social identities and behaviors are continuously formed through interactions?
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Which of these concepts is NOT central to the understanding of intersectionality?
Which of these concepts is NOT central to the understanding of intersectionality?
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Study Notes
Mass Conviction and Incarceration
- 500% increase since 1974
- Racial disproportionality is exceptionally high.
Social Constructionist
- Policy and legal changes led to expansion of mass incarceration
- Mass media events (e.g., Polly Klass)
Structural Functionalist
- Manifest function: public safety.
- Latent function: political disenfranchisement and collateral consequences (legal and social).
Conflict
- Monetary sanctions and intended/purposeful consequences.
- Critical Race Theory
- Misdemeanor justice for social control.
- Minority Threat, with juvenile justice consequences.
- Sampson & Laub, on minority threat and juvenile justice.
Symbolic Interaction Perspective
- Devah Pager - The Mark of a Criminal Record
- Elijah Anderson – Code of the Street.
- Howie Becker - Labeling Theory.
Lecture 12: Health Disparities
- Health as a biological and social problem.
- Social determinants of health: access to health care, education, economic stability, and social and community context.
Health Disparities
- Neighborhood and Built Environment.
- Socio-economic context, health and access to medical treatment.
- Interconnection of poverty, inequality, and the criminal legal system.
U.S. Health Disparities
- Class disparities
- Lower income residents have fewer healthy days
- Air pollution and geographical location affect health.
- Gini coefficient: measures inequality.
Introduction to HIV/AIDS
- Social problem from a sociological perspective.
- Morals and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS.
- Stigma, poverty and racial/ethnic inequality
- Drug use and marginalized groups.
What is AIDS and HIV?
- HIV transmission methods
- Prevention
- Global HIV/AIDS infection statistics
- AIDS meaning
Transmission of AIDS
- Penetrative sex
- Blood transfusion
- Sharing contaminated needles
- Mother-to-child transmission
Mother-to-child Transmission
- In the womb
- Childbirth
- Breastfeeding
History of AIDS
- First case in the U.S. in 1981.
- HIV descendant of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus.
- Possible cross-over from chimpanzees from consumption.
HIV Incidence and Diagnoses
- Stable incidence of new infections (approximately 50,000 per year).
- Estimated HIV diagnoses and AIDS diagnoses in 2013 and 2023.
- Deaths of people with AIDS in 2012.
People Infected with HIV
- Global prevalence rate (median) in adults aged 15-49 years.
- Higher prevalence in marginalized groups due to discrimination, marginalization and sometimes criminalization.
1993 Definition Change
- Expanded AIDS definition
- Including people with severe immunosuppression, various pulmonary ailments,and invasive cervical cancer
- Increased incidence of AIDS by 111%.
Diagnosing AIDS
- Measuring CD4 cells (below 200 cells per cubic millimeter)
- AIDS defining illnesses (e.g. candidiasis or pneumonia).
The Social Construction of HIV/AIDS
- Race/racism & socioeconomic factors determining childhood poverty and inadequate education.
- Social factors leading to disease (e.g. stress, social ties, dietary habits and lifestyle behaviors).
- Cumulative disadvantage over the lifespan.
David Williams
- Leading scholar on health disparities.
- Perceived discrimination as a determinant of health.
Death by Suicide
- Age-adjusted suicide rate in 2020, including racial disparities.
- Firearms and suicide deaths.
- Increase and correlation of incarceration rates with suicide rates.
- Impact of incarceration.
Structural Perspective on COVID
- Effects of institutional factors on likelihood of getting COVID.
- Recursive nature between institutional factors and COVID risks.
Cancer Treatment
- Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer mortality rates.
- Disparities in cancer incidence rates based on geographic location and resources.
Social Construction of a Social Problem
- How a social problem is constructed is affected by different social factors and perspectives.
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Description
This quiz explores the connections between mass incarceration, racial disproportionality, and health disparities. It examines various sociological perspectives including social constructionism and symbolic interactionism, while also exploring the implications of legal changes and health determinants. Enhance your understanding of the complex relationships within these critical social issues.
