Questions and Answers
What is Sociology?
What is Socialism?
An economic system in which government owns productive property and controls economic production in the name of the people.
What does Social sin refer to?
Social structures and institutions which are built on individual sin.
What are Norms?
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What are Sanctions?
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What is meant by Sociological imagination?
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What does Conflict Theory focus on?
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What is a Dependent variable?
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What is a Hypothesis?
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What does Reliability refer to in sociology?
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What are Beliefs?
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What is a Counterculture?
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What defines Culture?
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What is Ethnocentrism?
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What are Folkways?
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What are Mores?
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What are negative Sanctions?
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What are positive Sanctions?
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What is a Stereotype?
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What are Symbols in sociology?
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What defines a Subculture?
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What are Values?
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What is a Worldview?
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What is Achieved status?
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What is Ascribed status?
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What is Conservation in sociology?
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What does Dysfunction refer to?
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What is Functional base?
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What is a Role in sociology?
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What is Role conflict?
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What is Role strain?
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What is Social structure?
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Study Notes
Sociology Fundamentals
- Sociology: The scientific study of society, examining social behavior, influences, and consequences.
- Socialism: An economic system where the government owns and manages production for the people's benefit.
- Social sin: Constructs of social institutions arising from individual sins, impacting collective morality.
Social Norms and Behaviors
- Norms: Expected behaviors within a society, encompassing formal and informal cultural rules across groups.
- Sanctions: Mechanisms (both positive and negative) used to enforce adherence to social norms.
Analytical Frameworks
- Sociological imagination: The skill to contextualize personal experiences within a broader societal framework.
- Conflict Theory: A macro-level analysis focusing on societal power dynamics and conflicts over resources.
Research Concepts
- Dependent variable: A variable that is influenced by another variable, known as the independent variable.
- Hypothesis: A testable statement predicting a relationship between two or more variables.
- Reliability: The extent to which a measurement consistently produces the same results.
Cultural Constructs
- Beliefs: Shared convictions within a society regarding the validity of certain knowledge.
- Counterculture: A cultural group with beliefs and behaviors that oppose mainstream societal norms.
- Culture: The complete way of life of a society, consisting of beliefs, values, norms, and symbols.
Attitudes and Social Control
- Ethnocentrism: The belief in the superiority of one's own culture compared to others.
- Folkways: Traditional practices and social customs people typically follow.
- Law: A form of social control characterized by established rules and regulations backed by authority.
Moral Foundations
- Mores: Fundamental cultural norms essential for societal survival, often codified into laws.
- Sanctions: Divided into negative (punishments for rule violations) and positive (rewards for compliance).
Identity and Perception
- Stereotype: Oversimplified beliefs about a group, attributing generalized characteristics to its members.
- Symbols: Objects, gestures, or words given meaning by cultural consensus.
Subcultures and Values
- Subculture: A segment of the population with distinct norms and values that differ from the mainstream.
- Values: Collective notions of what is deemed good or desirable within a culture.
Worldview and Social Status
- Worldview: A cultural framework that shapes beliefs about the organization of the world, evident in myths and values.
- Achieved status: A social position acquired through personal efforts, impacting an individual's identity.
- Ascribed status: A social position assigned at birth, typically based on family background.
Organizational Dynamics
- Conservation: Efforts aimed at sustaining an organization and its initiatives for self-perpetuation.
- Dysfunction: Occurs when a group's actions hinder its original purpose, often due to prioritizing organizational survival.
Functionalism and Role Theory
- Functional base: The initial needs a group or organization is created to address.
- Role: A set of expected behaviors associated with a specific social position.
- Role conflict: Tensions arising when multiple roles held by an individual are incompatible.
- Role strain: The stress that occurs when a single role encompasses conflicting expectations.
Social Structure
- Social structure: The organized patterns of relationships and social arrangements through which individuals interact in society.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of sociology, including social behavior, norms, and frameworks like conflict theory. This quiz delves into the foundations of sociological study and its application to understanding society. Test your knowledge of how social norms and research concepts shape our interactions and institutions.