Sociology Functionalism Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary argument of functionalists regarding social structure?

  • It is irrelevant to social cohesion.
  • It shapes individual behavior through socialization. (correct)
  • It promotes anarchic behavior among individuals.
  • It restricts all individual freedoms.
  • What concept does Durkheim associate with too much freedom in society?

  • Anomie (correct)
  • Normative agreement
  • Collective conscience
  • Social solidarity
  • How does Durkheim view the reality of society in relation to individuals?

  • Social structures are irrelevant to individual behavior.
  • Society has a reality above that of individuals. (correct)
  • Society is secondary to individuals.
  • Individuals shape society entirely.
  • What is one of the structures that Durkheim believes creates social solidarity?

    <p>Education systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to functionalists, what is necessary for a successful society?

    <p>Value consensus among its members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as 'social facts' in Durkheim's functionalism?

    <p>External ways of acting, thinking, and feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can result from a lack of clear guidance about norms, according to Durkheim?

    <p>A feeling of anomie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What analogy does functionalism use to describe society?

    <p>A biological organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Functionalism Overview

    • Functionalism views society as akin to a biological organism, where interrelated parts must function together for societal harmony.
    • A successful society relies on value consensus, meaning individuals share norms and values, facilitating cooperation toward common goals.

    Durkheim's Contributions

    • Emile Durkheim is a leading figure in functionalism, emphasizing the necessity of understanding the historical emergence of social structures.
    • Durkheim posits that society exists as a reality beyond the individuals, shaping their behaviors through "social facts."

    Understanding Social Facts

    • Social facts include collective beliefs, moral codes, and basic norms passed through generations, exerting coercive power over individuals.
    • Individuals' consciousness is shaped by societal beliefs and sentiments rather than their personal inclinations.

    Anomie and Social Order

    • Durkheim warns against excessive individual freedom, which can lead to confusion and a sense of alienation, termed "anomie."
    • Anomie arises when there is a lack of clear moral guidance, which can destabilize individuals' sense of direction in life.

    Role of Social Solidarity

    • Durkheim argues that societies must cultivate social solidarity to provide individuals with purpose and behavioral norms.
    • Key structures fostering social solidarity include family, religion, educational institutions, workplaces, and voluntary organizations.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the key concepts of functionalism in sociology, highlighting its view of society as a complex organism. It discusses how social structures shape individual behavior and the importance of shared norms and values for societal cooperation. Test your understanding of these fundamental ideas.

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