Sociology Flashcards 4.01

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are considered major social institutions? (Select all that apply)

  • Politics (correct)
  • Science (correct)
  • Sports
  • Family (correct)
  • Education (correct)
  • Economy (correct)

What is a social institution?

A system of statuses, roles, values, and norms organized to satisfy basic societal needs.

What are the societal needs satisfied by the family as a social institution?

Regulation of sexual activity, reproduction, socialization, and economic security.

What societal needs does the economy satisfy?

<p>Production, distribution, and consumption of limited resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of politics as a social institution?

<p>Distribution and exercise of power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the education social institution provide?

<p>Transmission of culture, social integration, and generation of new knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What needs does religion satisfy?

<p>Social cohesion, social control, and emotional support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the traditional American family structure characterized by?

<p>The father as sole breadwinner and the mother as the stay-at-home caretaker.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define nuclear families.

<p>Families consisting of parents and their children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of family consists of more than two generations?

<p>Extended Family (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is monogamy?

<p>Marriage of one man to one woman.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is polygamy?

<p>Marriage with multiple partners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between patrilocality and matrilocality?

<p>Patrilocality is when a couple lives with or near the husband's parents, while matrilocality is when they live with or near the wife's parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Social Institutions

  • Organized systems of statuses, roles, values, and norms that fulfill basic societal needs.
  • Five major social institutions: family, economy, politics, education, and religion.
  • Two emerging institutions: sports and science.

Major Social Institutions: Family

  • Fundamental social unit universally recognized.
  • Provides regulation of sexual activity, reproduction, socialization, and economic security.
  • Family organization influenced by four key questions regarding marriage, living arrangements, membership, and decision-making.

Major Social Institutions: Economy

  • Governs the production, distribution, and consumption of limited resources.

Major Social Institutions: Politics

  • Focuses on the distribution and exercise of power within society.

Major Social Institutions: Education

  • Responsible for the transmission of culture, social integration, and generation of new knowledge.

Major Social Institutions: Religion

  • Enhances social cohesion, provides social control, and offers emotional support.

Emerging Social Institutions: Science

  • Organized system facilitating scientific development.

Emerging Social Institutions: Sports

  • Promotes social integration across diverse races and ethnicities.
  • Reinforces social norms and values like hard work and team spirit.

Traditional American Family

  • The nuclear model with a father as the sole breadwinner and mother as caretaker, among other forms.
  • Modern families include dual-earner households, single-parent families, and stepfamilies.

Definition of Family

  • A group related by marriage, blood, or adoption sharing economic resources.
  • Two primary family types: nuclear and extended families.

Extended Family

  • Consists of relatives beyond parents and children, not confined to nuclear structure.

Nuclear Families

  • Include both families of orientation (birth) and families of procreation (formation).

Forms of the Family: Key Factors

  • Influenced by marriage and kinship patterns, residential patterns, descent patterns, and authority patterns.

Forms of the Family: Marriage Partners

  • Monogamy: one man and one woman.
  • Polygamy: marriage to multiple partners, encompassing polygyny (man with several women) and polyandry (woman with several men).

Forms of the Family: Residential Patterns

  • Patrilocality: live with the husband's family.
  • Matrilocality: live with the wife's family.
  • Bilocality: choose to live near either set of parents.
  • Neolocality: independent choice of residence.

Forms of the Family: Descent Patterns

  • Patrilineal: lineage traced through the father's side.
  • Matrilineal: lineage traced through the mother's side.
  • Bilineal: lineage traced through both parents.

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