Questions and Answers
Which of the following are considered major social institutions? (Select all that apply)
What is a social institution?
A system of statuses, roles, values, and norms organized to satisfy basic societal needs.
What are the societal needs satisfied by the family as a social institution?
Regulation of sexual activity, reproduction, socialization, and economic security.
What societal needs does the economy satisfy?
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What is the role of politics as a social institution?
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What does the education social institution provide?
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What needs does religion satisfy?
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What is the traditional American family structure characterized by?
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Define nuclear families.
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Which type of family consists of more than two generations?
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What is monogamy?
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What is polygamy?
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What is the difference between patrilocality and matrilocality?
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Study Notes
Social Institutions
- Organized systems of statuses, roles, values, and norms that fulfill basic societal needs.
- Five major social institutions: family, economy, politics, education, and religion.
- Two emerging institutions: sports and science.
Major Social Institutions: Family
- Fundamental social unit universally recognized.
- Provides regulation of sexual activity, reproduction, socialization, and economic security.
- Family organization influenced by four key questions regarding marriage, living arrangements, membership, and decision-making.
Major Social Institutions: Economy
- Governs the production, distribution, and consumption of limited resources.
Major Social Institutions: Politics
- Focuses on the distribution and exercise of power within society.
Major Social Institutions: Education
- Responsible for the transmission of culture, social integration, and generation of new knowledge.
Major Social Institutions: Religion
- Enhances social cohesion, provides social control, and offers emotional support.
Emerging Social Institutions: Science
- Organized system facilitating scientific development.
Emerging Social Institutions: Sports
- Promotes social integration across diverse races and ethnicities.
- Reinforces social norms and values like hard work and team spirit.
Traditional American Family
- The nuclear model with a father as the sole breadwinner and mother as caretaker, among other forms.
- Modern families include dual-earner households, single-parent families, and stepfamilies.
Definition of Family
- A group related by marriage, blood, or adoption sharing economic resources.
- Two primary family types: nuclear and extended families.
Extended Family
- Consists of relatives beyond parents and children, not confined to nuclear structure.
Nuclear Families
- Include both families of orientation (birth) and families of procreation (formation).
Forms of the Family: Key Factors
- Influenced by marriage and kinship patterns, residential patterns, descent patterns, and authority patterns.
Forms of the Family: Marriage Partners
- Monogamy: one man and one woman.
- Polygamy: marriage to multiple partners, encompassing polygyny (man with several women) and polyandry (woman with several men).
Forms of the Family: Residential Patterns
- Patrilocality: live with the husband's family.
- Matrilocality: live with the wife's family.
- Bilocality: choose to live near either set of parents.
- Neolocality: independent choice of residence.
Forms of the Family: Descent Patterns
- Patrilineal: lineage traced through the father's side.
- Matrilineal: lineage traced through the mother's side.
- Bilineal: lineage traced through both parents.
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Description
Test your knowledge on social institutions with these flashcards. This quiz covers definitions and examples of the five major social institutions recognized by sociologists as well as emerging ones. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of sociology concepts.
