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Questions and Answers
What is the process called when individuals learn and internalize the cultural norms, values, and practices of their society?
What is the primary function of socialization according to the Functionalism theory?
Which of the following is an example of an agent of socialization?
What is the difference between primary and secondary socialization?
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What theory suggests that people learn new behaviors and attitudes by observing and imitating others?
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What is the term for learning a new culture, often in the context of migration or cultural exchange?
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Study Notes
Enculturation and Socialization
Definition:
- Enculturation: the process by which individuals learn and internalize the cultural norms, values, and practices of their society
- Socialization: the process by which individuals learn and internalize the social norms, values, and practices of their group or society
Key Concepts:
-
Agents of Socialization: individuals or groups that influence socialization, such as:
- Family
- Peers
- School
- Media
- Community
-
Types of Socialization:
- Primary socialization: occurs in early childhood, shapes basic values and norms
- Secondary socialization: occurs throughout life, refines and modifies existing values and norms
-
Enculturation vs. Acculturation:
- Enculturation: learning one's own culture
- Acculturation: learning a new culture, often in the context of migration or cultural exchange
Theories:
- Social Learning Theory: people learn new behaviors and attitudes by observing and imitating others
- Symbolic Interactionism: people learn and internalize meanings and symbols through interaction with others
- Functionalism: socialization serves to maintain social order and stability
Importance:
- Shapes individual identity and self-concept
- Influences behavior and attitudes
- Perpetuates social norms and cultural values
- Enables individuals to participate in society and interact with others effectively
Factors Influencing Socialization:
- Nature vs. Nurture: the debate over whether socialization is influenced more by genetic factors (nature) or environmental factors (nurture)
- Cultural Background: socialization is shaped by cultural values, norms, and practices
- Socioeconomic Status: socialization is influenced by socioeconomic factors, such as access to education and resources
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Description
Test your knowledge of the processes of enculturation and socialization, including agents, types, and theories. Learn how these concepts shape individual identity and influence behavior and attitudes.
