Sociology Chapter Review Quizzes 12-18

Questions and Answers

Why did the couple's union in Loving v. Virginia represent a violation of social norms?

They married outside their group.

What type of polygamy does Kody Brown practice in Sister Wives?

Polygyny

What is the main problem with Talcott Parsons's claim about the nuclear family?

The function of fulfilling a need for productive workers is not exclusively that of a single institution.

Why did the changes during the Industrial Revolution lead to the erosion of kinship networks?

As industry developed, farming and subsistence lifestyles declined because migration forced a restructuring of family units. Signup and view all the answers

What major shift does the Industrial Revolution represent in the division of labor?

The realms of the public and private. Signup and view all the answers

What does the distribution of chores in the Tobachnik family exemplify?

How gender roles are learned at home. Signup and view all the answers

Why have time-saving devices not made men's housework contributions equal to women's?

Technology advances have raised the bar on levels of acceptable cleanliness, and domestic housework has long been seen as 'women's work.' Signup and view all the answers

What might explain why women continue to do more domestic work than men despite increased earning power?

Entrenched norms and values concerning masculinity and femininity. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario is a common gender imbalance of domestic chores?

Marta does most of the grocery shopping, cooking, and laundry; James mows the lawn, makes chili on special occasions, and cleans the garage twice a year. Signup and view all the answers

Why do many women often 'bite the second shift bullet' when facing divorce?

The anticipated financial cost of a divorce leads them to this decision. Signup and view all the answers

Why do gay and lesbian couples spend more time doing domestic chores?

Same-sex couples see domestic work as legitimizing their households. Signup and view all the answers

How did social scientists view the strong role held by women in African American families in the 1960s?

As a negative characteristic that served to emasculate black men. Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion did the Moynihan report reach regarding black women and matriarchy?

Black women needed to be more feminine in order to be successful wives. Signup and view all the answers

How has the idea of the 'traditional family' helped social scientists understand black families?

Its identification as a specific historical phenomenon that has rarely applied to black families helps us better understand the unique characteristics in a less judgmental way. Signup and view all the answers

What did sociologists Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein find that challenges the media myth of lazy welfare mothers?

All single mothers prefer self-reliance to welfare. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Marriage and Family Dynamics

In 1967, the Loving v. Virginia case legalized black-white marriages in the United States, challenging social norms regarding interracial unions.
Kody Brown's case in the television show Sister Wives exemplifies polygyny, reflecting legal prohibitions against polygamy in the U.S.

Functionalism and Family Roles

Talcott Parsons viewed the nuclear family as essential for industrial society, with distinct roles: men as productive workers and women as child rearers, although this view is critiqued for oversimplifying family dynamics.
The Industrial Revolution shifted gender roles, leading to changes in kinship networks as men migrated to urban jobs, disrupting traditional family structures.

Labor Division and Gender Roles

The Industrial Revolution transformed the division of labor, with emerging public and private spheres redefining gender expectations.
Children's chores in families often reflect learned gender roles, highlighting societal norms in domestic tasks.

Domestic Work and Gender Inequality

The "second shift" concept reveals that women often carry the burden of both paid work and increased domestic responsibilities, perpetuated by cultural expectations and technological advancements raising cleanliness standards.
Despite women's rising earning power, domestic work remains unevenly distributed, often influenced by societal norms surrounding masculinity and femininity.

Gender Imbalances and Relationships

A typical scenario of gender imbalance includes women managing the bulk of household chores while men engage in limited domestic activities.
Anticipation of financial consequences in divorce may lead women to accept additional domestic responsibilities, reflecting societal pressures.

Same-Sex Couples and Domestic Chores

Gay and lesbian couples may engage more in domestic chores than heterosexual couples, as they view housework as a means of legitimizing their relationships.

Perspectives on Black Families

The 1960s perception of strong female roles in African American families was often viewed negatively, linking it to broader societal issues faced by black communities.
The Moynihan report indicated that a significant percentage of black wives outearned their husbands, framing this as a "pathological" matriarchy and suggesting a need for black women to adopt more traditional gender roles.

Traditional Family Constructs

The traditional family framework provides insight into the unique characteristics of black families by establishing a historical context that is often different from the mainstream narrative.
Research by sociologists Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein counters stereotypes of welfare dependency, showcasing that single mothers prioritize self-reliance.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Sociology chapters 12 to 18. This quiz explores important case studies and societal norms, including the historical context surrounding interracial marriage and contemporary practices like polygamy. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of sociological issues.