Sociology Chapter 5 & 6: Socialization & Institutions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus during Freud's Oral Stage of development?

Sucking and eating (correct)

Toilet training

Mature sexual interests

Identifying with the same-sex parent

What outcome might result from overly strict training during the Anal Stage?

Lack of close friends

Obsessive cleanliness (correct)

Messiness and disorganization

Adult smoking or nail-biting

In the Phallic Stage, what conflict do boys experience that is significant in Freud’s theory?

Conflict with peers

Learning to control bowel movements

Desire for the opposite-sex parent (correct)

Resolution of oral fixation

What is the primary focus during the Latency Stage according to Freud?

Dormant sexual feelings Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is emphasized in Piaget's theory of self-development?

Cognitive mastery of chronological stages Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome reflects Freud's Genital Stage of development?

Healthy romantic relationships and productivity Signup and view all the answers

What key conflict is addressed during the Phallic Stage for girls in Freud's theory?

Identifying with the same-sex parent Signup and view all the answers

What might happen if a child is underindulged during the Oral Stage?

Leading to oral fixation behaviors like nail-biting Signup and view all the answers

What does socialization primarily involve?

Learning and internalizing societal norms and values Signup and view all the answers

What did Harlow's experiments with rhesus monkeys mainly demonstrate?

Emotional bonding is essential for early development Signup and view all the answers

According to Ainsworth's 'Strange Situation' study, what fosters independence in children?

Secure attachment with caregivers Signup and view all the answers

What does an ambivalent attachment style in children indicate?

Intense attachment that leads to resistance in separations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is considered essential for a child's development according to Harlow’s findings?

Emotional stability and bonding Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of insecure attachment in children?

Difficulties in social integration Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of socialization is directly related to emotional bonding according to Harlow's research?

Parental attachment styles Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical role of socialization in human development?

It helps individuals learn to function within their society. Signup and view all the answers

What does Cooley's Looking-Glass Self theory emphasize regarding self-image?

Self-image is influenced by the perceptions and judgments of others. Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive ability is characteristic of the formal operational stage?

Ability to think abstractly and understand complex ideas. Signup and view all the answers

In Erikson's psychosocial development, what stage do adolescents experience that is influenced by cultural expectations in Indian society?

Identity vs. Role Confusion Signup and view all the answers

What principle is illustrated by the idea that two glasses of different shapes can hold the same amount of water?

The principle of conservation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of thinking during the formal operational stage, starting at age 11?

Awareness of logical fallacies in reasoning. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of self-development according to Cooley's Looking-Glass Self?

Receiving feedback directly from others. Signup and view all the answers

How do adolescents typically respond to the conflict of Identity vs. Role Confusion, according to Erikson?

By undergoing a period of uncertainty regarding their personal identity. Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental theory suggests that self-image results from social perceptions and evaluations?

Looking-Glass Self Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of children in the sensorimotor stage of development?

They learn by touching. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes a limitation of children in the pre-operational stage?

They cannot understand that other viewpoints may differ from their own. Signup and view all the answers

At what age range do children typically enter the concrete operational stage?

7 to 11 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Criminal Justice System (CJS)?

Punishment Signup and view all the answers

Which outcome is often associated with the Criminal Justice System?

Incarceration or fines Signup and view all the answers

What major understanding develops in children during the pre-operational stage?

Understanding that symbols can represent real-life entities. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with the sensorimotor stage?

Understanding that objects exist when not visible. Signup and view all the answers

Which goal is emphasized in the Criminal Justice Initiative (CJI)?

Reconciliation Signup and view all the answers

What type of marriage does not involve multiple partners?

Monogamy Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment illustrated the resolution of group conflict through cooperative goals?

Robbers Cave Experiment Signup and view all the answers

What cultural practice is maintained by Hutterites regarding marriage?

Collective lifestyles and arranged marriages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a commonly referenced issue in the Canadian Criminal Justice system?

Excessive legal representation Signup and view all the answers

According to Harry Harlow, what is more important for a child's development than nourishment?

Safe, stable environment of marriage Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the developmental stage of Trust vs Mistrust?

Parental care of physical and psychological needs Signup and view all the answers

During which developmental stage is the child encouraged to develop independence?

Autonomy vs shame and doubt Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental stage occurs between the ages of 6 to 12 years?

Industry vs inferiority Signup and view all the answers

What is a key outcome of the Intimacy vs isolation stage?

Healthy identity and caring relationships Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Generativity vs stagnation stage?

Making good personal decisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of individuals in the Integrity vs despair stage?

Leading a complete life with satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What describes the Pre-conventional stage of moral development?

Focus on personal interest and consequences Signup and view all the answers

What role do strong role models play during the Identity vs diffusion stage?

They promote self-esteem and life goals Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 5: Socialization

Socialization is the process where individuals learn and internalize societal norms, values, and behaviours.
Harlow's rhesus monkey experiments showed the importance of emotional bonding for development.
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" study showed that secure attachment leads to independence, while insecure attachment can cause difficulties in social integration.
Different types of attachment exist, including secure attachment, resistant attachment, and avoidant attachment.
Four categories of socialization: primary, secondary, anticipatory, and resocialization.
Seven agents of socialization include family, peers, education, media, religion, workplace, and government.
Feral children and isolates demonstrate the critical role of socialization in development.

Social institutions are structures within a society that help it function, with specific purposes and characteristics.
Social institutions serve as agents of socialization.
Adolescence poses unique challenges, including dealing with underage criminals.
Criminal Justice System (CJS) functions include law enforcement, courts, and correctional agencies.
Community Justice Initiatives (CJI) focus on reconciliation, rehabilitation, and community healing.
CJS emphasizes punishment; CJI emphasizes reconciliation.
Issues in Canadian Criminal Justice include systemic discrimination, inefficiencies, and over-incarceration. The Robbers Cave Experiment illustrates how group conflict arises and can be resolved.
Marriage in Canada is discussed in relation to various cultural practices.
The Changing Family includes issues like infertility and reproductive technologies, like IVF, surrogacy, intrauterine insemination, and artificial insemination by donor.
Kohlberg and Gilligan's theories on moral development (stages of moral reasoning) are briefly mentioned in the context of examining societal norms.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts from Chapters 5 and 6 of sociology, focusing on socialization processes and the function of social institutions. Understand the significance of attachment styles, agents of socialization, and various social institutions in shaping society. Dive into the studies that illustrate these concepts and their implications for individual development and societal functioning.