Questions and Answers
What is alienation?
The condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work or sense of self
Place the societies in chronological order: Hunter-gather; Pastoral; Horticultural; ______.
Agricultural
Which of the following is not an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?
What is the concept of anomie?
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Ivanka Trump is the daughter of business mogul Donald Trump. Her role as heiress to the Trump fortune is an example of ______.
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What is institutionalization?
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What is role play?
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What does the Agricultural Revolution refer to?
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What does symbolic interactionism refer to in the context of a judge and her gavel?
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What theory is associated with Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto?
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How did Emile Durkheim view society?
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What is collective conscience according to Durkheim?
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What is habitualization?
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What does Charles Cooley's looking glass self refer to?
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Which is not an example of organic solidarity?
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Give an example of role strain.
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Which societies relied on permanent tools for survival?
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As industrialization began to boom, Durkheim believed people were more susceptible to anomie.
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Which is not one of Karl Marx's four types of alienation?
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What does Karl Marx's social tension refer to?
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Study Notes
Alienation and Anomie
- Alienation: Condition where individuals feel isolated from society, work, or self.
- Anomie: Lack of collective consciousness results in societal instability.
Societal Development
- Chronological order of societies: Hunter-gatherer → Pastoral → Horticultural → Agricultural.
- Agricultural Revolution: Marked the beginning of civilization, leading to town and city development and increased leisure time.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies and Role Play
- Example of non-self-fulfilling prophecy: Kevin's ankle sprain before the marathon does not lead to a predetermined outcome.
- Role Play: Kaitlin alters her style after being labeled as goth and emo, showcasing identity adoption based on social perceptions.
Social Structures and Status
- Ascribed Status: Ivanka Trump as an example of status derived from family connection rather than individual achievement.
- Symbolic Interactionism: Relationship between authority and symbols, represented by a judge's gavel or a police officer’s gun.
Theoretical Perspectives
- Conflict Theory: Explained by Karl Marx in the "Communist Manifesto," focusing on societal tensions between classes.
- Organic Solidarity: Emile Durkheim's concept of society as an organism with interdependent parts for stability.
Social Norms and Behavior
- Institutionalization: Embedding conventions or norms into societal structures.
- Habitualization: Repeated actions becoming established behaviors or patterns.
- Collective Conscience: Durkheim's term for the shared beliefs, morals, and attitudes within a society.
Role Strain and Solidarity
- Role Strain: Becca’s experience of returning to work after childbirth exemplifies balancing multiple social roles.
- Not Organic Solidarity: A freelance artist creating art does not exemplify organic solidarity, which involves interdependence within specialized roles.
Societal Changes and Disconnection
- Increased industrialization leads to heightened potential for anomie due to weakened social bonds.
- Types of Alienation: Four types according to Marx are labor, product, self, and other. "Alienation of religion" is not included.
Class Relations
- Working Class Tension: Karl Marx highlighted the conflict between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie over the means of production, emphasizing social tension and disparity.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Sociology Chapter 4. Explore definitions, chronological orders of societies, and examples of self-fulfilling prophecies to enhance your understanding of sociology.
