Sociology Chapter 11 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Describe the distribution of income and wealth in the US (is income or wealth inequality greater)?

Wealth inequality is greater than income inequality.

What is income?

Income is work earnings.

What is wealth?

Wealth is assets minus liabilities (what you own minus what you owe).

What is power?

<p>Power is the ability to get people to do what you want.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is occupational prestige?

<p>Occupational prestige is the reflection of one's occupation on their social class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of the upper class?

<p>The upper class is characterized by high incomes and significant wealth. Upper-upper class is inherited wealth (old money) while lower-upper class is wealth earned during one's lifetime (new money).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of the middle class?

<p>The middle class contains the most racial and ethnic diversity and builds small amounts of wealth over a lifetime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of the working class?

<p>Also known as the lower-middle class, working class jobs are routinized and characterized by lower pay and limited benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of the lower class?

<p>The lower class consists of low wage jobs, part-time workers, nonstandard work hours, and the unemployed, characterized by insecurity and hardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the largest social class in the US?

<p>The largest social class in the US is the middle class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social class affect health outcomes?

<p>Wealth is equated with health, as affluence allows better access to necessary healthcare, impacting life expectancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social class affect attitudes and values?

<p>Higher education and financial security correlate with greater tolerance of differences, while the affluent tend to be more confident.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social class affect political orientations and participation?

<p>The wealthy are typically conservative on economic issues and liberal on social issues, while the poor are the opposite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social class affect parenting?

<p>Affluent parents emphasize creativity and independence, while working class parents focus on discipline and obedience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social class affect family life and gender?

<p>Working class parents value conformity and have an authoritarian style, while affluent parents encourage individuality and are more flexible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is horizontal mobility?

<p>Horizontal mobility is changing jobs at the same class level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is intragenerational mobility?

<p>Intragenerational mobility refers to a change in social position that occurs within a person's lifetime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is intergenerational mobility?

<p>Intergenerational mobility is the upward or downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List the trends in social mobility over the past 100 years.

<ol> <li>Social mobility has been fairly high 2. Social mobility within a single generation is usually small 3. Long term trend has been upward 4. Since 1970s, mobility has been uneven 5. Short term trend has been downward.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is poverty?

<p>Poverty is the condition in which people lack what they need to live.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Income and Wealth Distribution

  • Wealth inequality in the US surpasses income inequality.
  • Income refers to earnings from work, whereas wealth represents the difference between assets and liabilities.

Social Class Overview

  • The upper class exhibits high incomes, with distinctions between upper-upper class (inherited wealth) and lower-upper class (earned wealth).
  • The middle class is demographically diverse and accumulates wealth over time.
  • Working class includes routine jobs that are low-paying and lack benefits.
  • Lower class features part-time work, unemployment, and life marked by insecurity.

Social Class Characteristics

  • The middle class is the largest social class in the US.
  • Social class significantly impacts health outcomes, with wealth correlated to better health care access and life expectancy.
  • Wealthy individuals tend to be conservative economically but liberal on social issues; the poor display the opposite tendencies.

Parenting and Social Class

  • Affluent parents prioritize creativity and independence; working class parents emphasize obedience and discipline.
  • Parenting styles differ, with affluent parents promoting individualism and involvement in extracurricular activities.

Social Mobility

  • Horizontal mobility involves changing jobs while staying at the same class level.
  • Intragenerational mobility refers to changes in social position within a person's lifetime.
  • Intergenerational mobility addresses the social mobility of children compared to their parents.
  • Trends in social mobility show an overall upward trajectory over the last century, but recent shifts have made mobility uneven and sometimes downward.

Poverty

  • Poverty is defined as a lack of resources necessary for adequate living.
  • Absolute poverty denotes a severe lack of resources, while relative poverty is comparative to societal standards.
  • Relative poverty is more prevalent in the US today.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Chapter 11 of Sociology. Learn about the concepts of income, wealth, and inequality in the US. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of key sociological terms and ideas.

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