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Questions and Answers
According to Emile Durkheim, what is the feeling of collective moral power called?
According to Karl Marx, what does religion justify in society?
According to Max Weber, what is the tendency for polytheism in societies?
In the 14th century France, what was the focus of the non-monastic clergy?
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According to the secularization story, what does the Protestant ethic of Calvinism emphasize?
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What are the key elements of Emile Durkheim's classical approach to religion?
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How does Karl Marx's conflict theory relate to religion?
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What are the main points of Max Weber's classical approach to religion?
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Study Notes
Emile Durkheim's Contributions
- Describes collective moral power as "collective effervescence," which reflects community bonding and shared beliefs.
- Emphasizes that religion serves to create social cohesion and collective identity.
Karl Marx's Views on Religion
- Sees religion as a means of justifying social inequalities and reinforcing the status quo.
- Believes religion functions as an "opiate of the masses," distracting people from their real material conditions and struggles.
Max Weber's Theories
- Asserts that societies exhibiting polytheism tend to allow for a more pluralistic approach to religious and cultural ideas.
- Discusses how polytheism can lead to a diverse interpretation of moral and ethical values within a society.
Non-Monastic Clergy in 14th Century France
- Focused on pastoral care, which included providing spiritual guidance and support to laypeople.
- Engaged in educational activities, disseminating theological knowledge outside the monastic context.
Secularization and Protestant Ethic
- The Protestant ethic of Calvinism emphasizes hard work, frugality, and the ethical dimension of economic success as a sign of divine favor.
- Suggests a link between religious values and the development of capitalism.
Emile Durkheim's Classical Approach to Religion
- Focuses on the social functions of religion, including how it establishes moral frameworks and societal norms.
- Highlights the distinction between sacred and profane realms within religious practice.
Karl Marx's Conflict Theory and Religion
- Establishes religion as a tool wielded by the ruling class to maintain control over the proletariat.
- Analyzes how religious ideology supports existing power structures, perpetuating class conflict.
Max Weber's Classical Approach to Religion
- Emphasizes the relationship between religious beliefs and economic actions, particularly in the formation of capitalism.
- Investigates how different religious systems influence social behavior and the rationalization of life in modernity.
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Description
Test your knowledge of classical approaches to religion with this quiz! Explore the ideas of Emile Durkheim on ritual practices and totems, Karl Marx's perspective on religion justifying societal inequalities, and Max Weber's views on religion as a social construct. Challenge your understanding of these influential sociological theories on religion.
