Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services

• SW110 covers Social Welfare Policies Programs and Services.

Areas of Social Work

• Human Behavior and Social Environment (HBSE) involves perspectives and tools for analysis.
• Social Welfare Policies and Programs and Research (SWPP R) includes related policies and laws.
• Social Work Practice focuses on helping process and intervention frameworks.
• Field Instruction (FI) is the application of social work principles.

Aims of Social Welfare Policy and Service

• Preparing competent practitioners for social service provision and social change efforts.
• Equip students with the ability to critically analyze societal problems, conditions, and institutions.
• Develop a commitment to the profession along with responsibility for promoting social welfare goals, services, and problem prevention.

Defining Social Welfare

• Encompasses actions for the good of society performed by men.
• Represents an organized concern for all people.
• It is an organized system of social services designed to aid individuals and groups in achieving satisfying life and health standards.
• Includes laws, programs, benefits and services to meet social needs.
• Assures provisions for basic needs, contributing to population well-being and social order.
• Encompasses the well-being of all members of human society, including their physical, mental, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual well-being.

Policy

• Refers to almost anything a government does.
• Policies develop as a way of dealing with problems and reflect value preferences and compromise.

Social Policy

• It comprises principles, procedures, and actions affecting people's social well-being, established in law, code or regulation.
• Social policies include tax, transportation, public health, environmental, and social security statutes.

Core Characteristics of Social Policy

• Policy is the formal expression of a community's values, principles, and beliefs.
• Values, principles, and beliefs become reality through a program and its services.
• Policy provides legitimacy and sanctions for an organization to provide a particular program or service.
• Policy offers a roadmap for an organization to realize its mission.
• Policy creates the broad structural framework that guides the practitioner in their professional role.

Social Welfare Policy

• It is a subset of social policy affecting resource distribution.
• It mainly transfers goods and services to individuals and families through various organizations.
• Macro social welfare policy provides a framework to strengthen larger communities.
• It can reduce or eliminate issues impacting at-risk and marginalized groups.
• Micro social welfare policy directly influences the scope of the work provided by the practitioner.
• Outcomes of micro social welfare policy include program eligibility, service forms, delivery structures, and funding mechanisms.

Justice and Social Welfare Policy

• Effective policy practice requires identification, understanding, and assessment of justice theories.
• Policies reflect choices of a government or nongovernmental agency, tied to values, beliefs, and principles.

Social Work Practitioners

• Policy affects service delivery, and they actively engage in policy practice.
• Social workers understand the history and structures of social policies/services.
• Social workers understand the role of policy in service delivery.
• Social workers understand the role of practice in policy development.

Role of Social Workers

• Advocate for client access to social work services.
• Practice personal reflection and self-correction for continual professional development.
• Attend to professional roles and boundaries.
• Demonstrate professional behavior, appearance, and communication.
• Engage in career-long learning and use supervision and consultation.

Human Behavior and Social Environment (HBSE) Courses

• SW102: Philippine Realities and Social Welfare
• SW103: Filipino Personality and Social Work
• SW107: Social Deviation and Social Work
• SW106: Social Environment and Social Work: The Family Group, Community and Organization
• SW108: Social Change and Development Perspective

Social Welfare Policies and Program and Research (SWPP R) Courses

• SW110: Social Welfare Policies, Programs, and Services
• Social Welfare Project or Program Development and Management
• SW111: Social Work Statistics
• Social Welfare Agency Administration
• Social Work Communication Education Training
• Social Work Research

Social Work Practice Courses

• 101: Knowledge and Philosophical Foundation of Social Work Profession
• 104: Fields of Social Work
• 114: Social Work Communication and Documentation
• 112: Social Work Counseling
• 113: Social Work Practice with Individuals and Families
• Social Work Practice with Groups
• Social Work Practice with Communities

Field Instruction

• Field Instruction 1
• Field Instruction 2

Conception of Development

• Development increases choices, means new options and diversification.

Community

• Development involves change, improvement, vitality, participation, flexibility, equity, attitudes, institutional function, and life quality.
• The creation of wealth means the things people value, not just money. It should lead to net asset addition and avoid zero-sum situations.
• Is an aggregate of people in the same area, sharing values, attitudes, and norms.

Community Development

• Is a process where a community engages to improve its social, economic, and environmental situation.

Eight Dimensions of Development

• Socio-Cultural
• Physical
• Emotional-Psychological
• Moral-Spiritual
• Technological
• Political
• Intellectual
• Economic

Economic Development

• Concerns capacity to provide adequate resources for basic needs and a decent life.

Emotional-Psychological Development

• Concerns man's emotional attitudes and capacity to handle life's stresses.

Physical Development

• Concerns health and physical order maintenance (infrastructure, facilities, establishments) within a community.

Intellectual Development

• Concerns man's capacity to develop knowledge and skills to improve life.

Technological Development

• Concerns man's capacity to use science and discoveries to improve man's way of life.

Socio-Cultural Development

• Concerns the quality of social relationships within a society.

Political Development

• Concerns practice of governance and maintenance of peace and order.

Types of DSWD Programs and Services

• Center-Based Services are rendered in facilities, which may accommodate clients for assessment/diagnosis.
• Community-based Services include preventive, rehabilitative, and developmental initiatives.
• Residential Care provides 24-hour alternative family care to vulnerable individuals and families.

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

• Is a human development measure providing conditional cash grants to the poorest families to improve health, nutrition, and education for children aged 0-18.

Objectives of 4Ps

• Social assistance: Monetary support to poor families for immediate needs
• Social development: Breaking the poverty cycle via health and education programs
• Health check-ups for pregnant women and children age 0-5
• Deworming for school children aged 6-14
• Enrolment of children in daycare, elementary and secondary.
• Family development sessions

Qualification Requirements for the 4Ps program

• Residency in the poorest municipalities based on small area estimates.
• Household economic condition at or below the provincial poverty threshold.
• Households with children aged 0-18 and/or pregnant women at assessment.
• Agreement to meet conditions specified in the program.

Cash Grant

• Health grant: P500 per household monthly or P6,000 annually.
• Educational grant: P300 per child monthly for ten months, totaling P3,000 annually.

Conditions and Compliance of 4Ps

• Pregnant women must avail pre- and post-natal care by a trained professional.
• Parents/guardians must attend family development sessions on parenting, health, and nutrition.
• Children aged 0-5 must receive regular preventive health check-ups and vaccines.
• Children aged 6-14 must receive deworming pills twice a year.
• Beneficiaries aged 3-18 must enroll in school with at least 85% attendance.

Modified Conditional Cash Transfer (MCCT) Program

• Caters to families needing special protection, including street/itinerant indigenous families.
• These include families displaced by disasters, those with disabled members, child laborers and children in conflict, etc.

Self-Employment Assistance-Kaunlaran (SEA-K) Program

• Is a DSWD and LGU building program.
• It aims to enhance socio-economic skills for entrepreneurial development through community-based associations.

Eligible Borrowers for SEA-K

• Must be 16+ years old (with adult supervision).
• A family of 6 cannot have monthly income of more than P7,432.00.
• Must not have access to any lending institution and be capable of implementing a micro-enterprise.
• They must be a resident in the community for the last 6 months and intend to stay for the next 2 years.
• Must have positive work attitude, community relations and welfare concerns.

Purpose of Loan / Capital Assistance

• Micro-enterprise project
• Basic shelter and home improvement

Loan Amount

• Minimum of P5,000 and a Maximum of P25,000 per individual member, depending on the project being proposed.

Maturity / Repayment

• Within 1-2 year period

Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP)

• Is a community-based program equipping participants to use available resources for production/labor.

Two Tracks of SLP

• Micro-enterprise Development provides start-up capital for small businesses.
• Employment Facilitation provides technical skills training, guidance, then job referrals/placement.
• It aims to capacitate livelihood development in villages affected by armed conflicts.

SLP-PAMANA Projects

• Projects are community based through the lead of each barangay’s SLP Association.
• Identifies the livelihood projects that would likely solve the most pressing needs .

PAyapa at MAsaganang PamayaNAn (PAMANA)

• It respond to and strengthen peace building.

Kapitbisig Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services-National Community Driven Development program (KALAHI-CIDSS)

• Under the program, people decide on affecting community and provide solutions in partnership with Local Government Units.

KALAHI-CIDSS seeks to reduce

• Poverty and vulnerabilities to poverty by addressing the local level.

Three main components of KALAHI-CIDSS

• Capacity-building and implementation support
• Community grants
• Monitoring and evaluation

The Main Principles of KALAHI-CIDSS

Localized Decision Making

• Emphasizes community discissions.

Empowerment

• Develop the capablities of the people of analysing local conditions.

• Engage local governments in dialogues to improve resource allocation and basic service delivery.

Transparency

• People's participation is required and needed.

Inclusiveness

• The entire community from different sectors are encouranged to participate in KALAHICIDSS.

Community Priority Setting

• Priorities are for municipal inter-barangay.

Demand Driven

• Support communities with prioritising their own needs and problems.

Supplementary Feeding for Children (SFP)

• Provides food in addition to their regular meals, equivalent to 1/3 of the Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes.
• Parents manage the feeding program preparation, using the available indigenous food supplies.
• Children will be measured to determine improvement in their nutritional status.
• Participating parents attend capability-building sessions, health and nutrition, love of country, and home and environment.

Social Pension for Indigent Seniors

• Indigent seniors can receive the P500 monthly social pension as provided.
• Qualified seniors are frail, sickly, or persons with disabilities not receiving pension due to income or regular support from relatives.

Project vs. Program

• Project: Cluster of activities
• Program: Cluster of projects

Purpose

• Created to address/resolve a specifc issue.
• Is aimed to produce particular outputs.

Differences of Project and Program

• Structure: Projects are well-defined while Programs tend to have greater levels of uncertainty.
• Effort: Project is a single effort while a program is a collection of projects.
• Benefits: Projects have outcomes as “things” while a program can amount to policy changes.
• Duration: Projects are shorter in nature while programs can be longer in nature.

Similarities of Project and Program

• They align to the company/organisation goals.
• They deliver changes.

Policy-making

• Alignment enhances limited resources.

FIVE KEY POLICY-MAKING ACTIVITIES

• Creating a coummity vision.
• Community goals and objectives.
• Comprehensive Plan.
• Local Services.
• Budgets and Capital Facilites Plan.

Creating A Community Vision

• Its a “big picture” of the community.
• It captures dreams aspirations.

Coummunity Goals and Objectitives

• It indentifies components of the community vision and guidelines of the implementation.

Comprehesive Plan

• It represents the community policy for the future growth.

Local Services

• Provide specific and required services to the local population.
• Budget: Allocate scarce resources to achieve community vision, and objective.

Budget and Capital Facilties Plans

• Budget: Allocate scarce resources to achieve community visition and objective.

Recognzing Good Policy

• There is public support.
• Policies are just and backed with analysis.
• Policies is relevant and implemental.
• Policies should be monitored.

Side Notes

• Participatory Capacity.
• Vulnerability.
• Assessment. Areas of society:
• Natural, social, cultural, political, and human capital/assets

Limits to Policy-Making

• Legitimate community interest have multiple goals and conflicting
• External influences surround.

Public Policy Model

• Process of producing public policies.

Five Stages of Public Policy Model

• Agenda Setting.
• Policy Formulation.
• Policy Adoption (decision making).
• Implementation.
• Evaluation.