Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which sector is primarily driven by the goal of generating profit for its owners or shareholders?
Which sector is primarily driven by the goal of generating profit for its owners or shareholders?
- The public sector
- The social economy sector
- The private/commercial sector (correct)
- The voluntary sector
A non-governmental organization (NGO) receives funding through government grants, private donations, and fundraising events. To whom is this organization primarily accountable?
A non-governmental organization (NGO) receives funding through government grants, private donations, and fundraising events. To whom is this organization primarily accountable?
- Exclusively to the government providing the grants.
- Solely to the charities that provide additional funding.
- Only to the clients it serves.
- To its board of directors, funders, and the public, through tax regulation and transparency. (correct)
During the post-war period, an 'Institutional approach to social welfare' was adopted. What was a key characteristic of this approach?
During the post-war period, an 'Institutional approach to social welfare' was adopted. What was a key characteristic of this approach?
- Comprehensive public spending with government as the main provider of services. (correct)
- Reduced public spending on social programs.
- Government acting primarily as a funder of services.
- A focus on residual levels of funding for social welfare.
Following the shift towards neoliberalism in the 1990s, what change occurred in the funding of social welfare programs?
Following the shift towards neoliberalism in the 1990s, what change occurred in the funding of social welfare programs?
Which of the following best describes the 'public sector' in the mixed economy of welfare?
Which of the following best describes the 'public sector' in the mixed economy of welfare?
A community center operates various social programs funded by government grants, local businesses, and private donations. Which sector does this community center primarily belong to?
A community center operates various social programs funded by government grants, local businesses, and private donations. Which sector does this community center primarily belong to?
In the context of social welfare, what is a potential outcome of privatization?
In the context of social welfare, what is a potential outcome of privatization?
How does the funding model of the voluntary sector typically differ from that of the public sector?
How does the funding model of the voluntary sector typically differ from that of the public sector?
Which of the following services is most likely to be provided by the public sector?
Which of the following services is most likely to be provided by the public sector?
Which of the following examples falls under the category of the 'Social Economy' sector within Canada’s service sectors?
Which of the following examples falls under the category of the 'Social Economy' sector within Canada’s service sectors?
Flashcards
Mixed Economy of Welfare
Mixed Economy of Welfare
A system incorporating public, private (both commercial and non-profit), and social economy sectors to address social welfare needs.
Public Sector
Public Sector
Direct government services funded by taxes, accountable to voters and the Charter, serving public interest.
Private / Voluntary Sector
Private / Voluntary Sector
Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) providing services, often with charitable status, fulfilling a mandate.
Private / Commercial Sector
Private / Commercial Sector
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Shift: Government as Funder
Shift: Government as Funder
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Privatization
Privatization
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Study Notes
- Module 5 focuses on social welfare organizations.
Mixed Economy of Welfare
- The concept explores who is responsible for individual well-being.
- Examples include parents, partners, and the role of OHIP-covered family doctors in public care.
- Community centers, women's centers, and CAS operate within the voluntary sector.
- Private practitioners like naturopaths, dentists, and psychotherapists are part of the for-profit/commercial sector.
- Unions, social enterprises, and co-ops function within the social economy as part of the private sector.
- Key service sectors in Canada include commercial, voluntary, government/public, and social economy.
- Each contribute agencies and programs to support service recipients.
Public Sector
- Characterized by direct government provision of services.
- Aims to serve public interest and social welfare by meeting policy goals.
- Funded through income taxes and CHST.
- Accountable to the public, voters, and the Charter.
- Provides corrections, child welfare, mental health services, and municipal social housing.
Private/Voluntary Sector
- Consists of non-governmental agencies (NGOs) that provide services.
- These include organizations with charitable status under the CRA or other not-for-profit entities.
- Focuses on fulfilling the agency mandate while remaining financially stable.
- Funding comes directly from government agreements, grants, other charities, and fundraising.
- Accountable to the Board of Directors, funders, and the public through tax regulation.
- Includes community centers, John Howard Society, CMHA, and advocacy organizations.
Private/Commercial Sector
- Involves private, for-profit organizations.
- Its primary goal is profit for the owner or shareholders.
- Funded by selling services to consumers at market value, which may include government contracts or subsidies.
- Accountable to the market, regulation, funder policies, Board, and shareholders.
- Examples include private group homes, private counseling, and private addiction services.
Critical Analysis
- Divisions between sectors are not static or neutral.
- Overriding issues determine the choice of service sector for a program.
- Political ideology and history influence service sector choices.
- Informal care provided by family is a significant aspect of social welfare.
Shifts in Service Delivery
- The post-war period was marked by government as a provider of services.
- Funding for the volunteer sector tended to be core funding, focusing on comprehensive public spending.
- The 1990s saw welfare retrenchment and a shift towards neoliberalism.
- Government transitioned to a funder setting policy and standards.
- Privatization increased, adding elements of competition.
- Funding became residual, shifting to project-based.
Privatization
- It has the potential for innovations, efficiencies, and creative partnerships.
- Profitability considerations include greater efficiency and economies of scale.
- It can result in lower wages -> less skilled workers who may be un-unionized
- Cheaper supplies are used and higher fees are charged.
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