Social Welfare and Institutions in the Philippines

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Questions and Answers

Which view of social welfare perceives it as a temporary support system for emergencies?

Comprehensive

Institutional

Residual (correct)

Developmental

What is a characteristic of the institutional view of social welfare?

It provides benefits and services only during emergencies.

It promotes individual responsibility above all.

It is considered a demeaning necessity.

It is seen as a legitimate function of society. (correct)

According to the 1987 Philippine Constitution, what is the primary role of the State regarding social welfare?

To promote independence and prosperity for individuals. (correct)

To ensure that social aid forms are voluntary.

To provide temporary aid in emergencies.

To limit social services to underprivileged members.

In which category do compulsory employer liability and social insurance belong?

Social Security Signup and view all the answers

Which social agency is typically focused on supporting vulnerable populations in the Philippines?

Social Work Development Office Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the developmental view of social welfare?

It focuses on social interventions that promote economic growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant criticism of the residual conception of social welfare?

It can be viewed as demeaning to those in need. Signup and view all the answers

Which institution is commonly involved in providing social welfare services in the Philippines?

Bantay Bata 163 Signup and view all the answers

Which category of social work methods involves direct intervention with clients?

Social case work Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of secondary methods in social work?

To gather data for research and policy-making Signup and view all the answers

How do social work methods influence the outcomes for individuals and families?

They lead to community-level changes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the characteristic of social work that is critical for addressing clients' needs?

Adaptability to diverse settings Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main pillars of social work practice?

Interchangeable use of various methods Signup and view all the answers

What role does social research play in social work practice?

It provides a foundation for direct client interventions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of primary social work methods?

They directly address client needs Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of effective social work practice in various settings?

Enhanced social functioning of clients Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of Provincial Social Service Offices?

Allocating resources to local government units. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of data collection by Provincial Social Service Offices?

To inform policy decisions regarding social welfare. Signup and view all the answers

How do Provincial Social Service Offices enhance local government service delivery?

By providing training and capacity-building initiatives. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between City/Municipality Social Service Offices and Provincial Social Service Offices?

Provincial Offices oversee multiple municipalities. Signup and view all the answers

Why are social workers important within healthcare institutions?

They address emotional and psychosocial challenges faced by patients. Signup and view all the answers

What collaborative role do Provincial Social Service Offices play in social welfare?

They work with various stakeholders to create social strategies. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary belief of the COS regarding individual poverty?

Individuals were responsible for their own poverty. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of education do schools and educational institutions address according to the content?

The holistic development of students beyond textbooks. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the COS in their efforts to aid the poor?

Influencing changes in the lifestyle of the poor. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of regional advocacy conducted by Provincial Social Service Offices?

To support policies that address unique social issues of the province. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Toynbee Hall in the context of settlement houses?

It was the first settlement house established in England. Signup and view all the answers

What did Charles Booth's survey reveal about poverty in London?

One-third of the population lived on or below the poverty line. Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the COS's cooperation with private charities?

Strengthened the concept of rehabilitation for the poor. Signup and view all the answers

Which report provided the foundation for England's modern social security program?

The Beveridge Report. Signup and view all the answers

According to social research findings, what was often a cause of human suffering due to destitution?

Insufficient wages and inadequate living conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of settlement houses like Toynbee Hall?

To establish contact between the educated and the poor. Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did Executive Order No. 15 implement for the DSWD?

Shifting the focus to technical assistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Local Government Units (LGUs) after the devolution mandated by RA 7160?

Implementing devolved programs and services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following programs was NOT devolved to Local Government Units under the Local Government Code?

Healthcare Management Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first social worker appointed as Chairperson of the Civil Service Commission?

Corazon Alma De Leon Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of Memorandum Order No. 27 issued in 1993?

Abolition of 14 regional offices Signup and view all the answers

What does devolution refer to in the context of RA 7160?

Transferring authority to Local Government Units Signup and view all the answers

Which agency is primarily affected by the devolution process described in RA 7160?

Department of Social Welfare and Development Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of DSWD following its transformation into a technical assistance provider?

Providing support to intermediaries like NGOs and LGUs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Major Societal Institutions

Major societal institutions, like families, churches, governments, cooperatives, and labor unions, play crucial roles in fulfilling human needs.

Social agencies provide assistance to people facing challenges.
Professional social workers in the Philippines are often employed by agencies like the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the City/Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (CSSDO/MSWDO/PSWDO), Bantay Bata 163, and the Red Cross.

Residual: Social welfare is viewed as temporary aid during emergencies and withdrawn when the regular social system is functioning.
Institutional: Society is responsible for supporting its members and providing necessary benefits and services on a continuous basis. This view is reflected in the 1987 Philippine Constitution (Art 2, Sec 9).
Developmental: This approach focuses on social interventions that positively impact economic development.

Social Security: Protects individuals and families against income loss due to unavoidable interruptions or serious income reductions. Examples include employer liability, provident funds, and social insurance.

Charity Organization Society (COS): Emphasized individual responsibility for poverty and the need for self-reliance. The COS advocated for the use of volunteers to help the poor and prevent the abuse of public relief.
Settlement Houses: Aimed to bridge the gap between the educated and the poor through shared work, studies, and cultural exchange. This concept originated with Toynbee Hall in London.
Social Research: Surveys, like the one conducted by Charles Booth in 1886, revealed the widespread poverty in London, demonstrating the need for broader social reforms, not just individual responsibility.
Beveridge Report (1941): The basis for the current social security system in England, suggesting a comprehensive approach to addressing poverty and social needs.

RA 7160 (Local Government Code): Mandated the devolution of DSWD functions, programs, services, and resources to local government units.
Memorandum Order No. 27 (1993): Streamlined DSWD operations, eliminating regional offices and establishing field offices.
Executive Order No. 15 (1998): Shifted DSWD from a direct service provider to a technical assistance provider, focusing on supporting local government units, NGOs, and civil society organizations.

Social Casework: Direct service approach focusing on individual clients and their unique situations.
Social Group Work: Works with groups of individuals to address common concerns and promote social development.
Community Organization: Engages with communities to address collective issues and strengthen structures.
Social Action: Advocacy and social change initiatives to address systemic problems and injustices.
Social Welfare Administration: The management and oversight of social welfare systems and programs.
Social Work Research: The systematic study of social issues, programs, and interventions to improve practices and inform policy.

Primary and Secondary Methods

Primary Methods: Direct intervention with clients (casework, group work, community organization).
Secondary Methods: Support primary methods by addressing client’s needs (social action, social welfare administration, social work research).

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Description

Explore the major societal institutions and social agencies in the Philippines that contribute to social welfare. Understand different views of social welfare, including residual, institutional, and developmental perspectives, and their implications for social services.