Social Test 3 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the ethnicity of Karl Marx?

Jewish ethnicity

What is Das Kapital about?

A biography of Karl Marx.

A book discussing the end of social classes. (correct)

A historical account of the Industrial Revolution.

A book advocating capitalism.

What does the Communist Manifesto address?

The history of the working-class movement.

Match the reasons for alienation according to Marx:

Do not own means of productions = 1 Do not receive full product of activity = 2 Do not control organization of production = 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is prehistory according to Marx?

A stage in society in which men are rude and primitive. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes feudalism according to Marx?

Goods are allocated by political force, obligations up and down hierarchy. Signup and view all the answers

How does Marx define capitalism?

A stage driven by private property and class struggle. Signup and view all the answers

What is socialism according to Marx?

A stage that involves the end of private property and class conflict. Signup and view all the answers

What contributions did Engels and Marx make?

Studied conditions of the working class in early industrial societies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of dialectic in Hegel's philosophy?

Thesis-antithesis-synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

How does Marx's view differ from Hegel's idealism?

Marx emphasized empirical phenomena over abstract ideas. Signup and view all the answers

Who were Adam Smith and David Ricardo?

British economists influential in understanding human social behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What was Engels' focus in his studies?

Conditions of the working class in early industrial cities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Karl Marx Ethnicity

Jewish ethnicity, historically marginalized and discriminated in Europe, particularly in Germany and France.
Executed for heresy; many Jews found refuge in academia.
Marx descended from a lineage of rabbis, reflecting a cultural tradition of scholarliness; "Rabbi" translates to "teacher."

Das Kapital

Marx's foundational work promoting the idea of equality across social classes, advocating for collective ownership of businesses.

Communist Manifesto

Co-authored by Marx and Engels in 1848, outlining the working-class movement's history through a socialist lens.

Alienation According to Marx

Workers experience alienation due to lack of ownership of production means.
Workers do not reap the full benefits of their labor or control production organization.

Prehistory

Defined by Marx as an early societal stage characterized by rudimentary and primitive human conditions.

Feudalism

A societal stage where goods are distributed through political force, creating hierarchical obligations.

Capitalism

Described as a stage marked by private property, where workers sell their labor for survival and face class struggles.

Socialism

Envisions the elimination of private property and class distinction, potentially resolving class conflict.

Engel and Marx

Together, Engels and Marx employed empirical data to study working-class conditions in early industrial societies, marking the transition from agrarian to wage-earning labor.

Dialectic

Hegel’s dialectic focuses on the interplay of thesis, antithesis, and synthesis.
Marx adapted this concept to emphasize contradictions within social realities over idealistic frameworks.

Marx's Rejection of Hegel's Idealism

Disagreed with Hegel's notion that reality resides in the mind; argued for the importance of empirical evidence observed through senses.
Critiqued Hegel's religious motifs, stating that essential human needs, such as food, define human reality over abstract ideals.

Influence from Enlightenment Economists

Inspired by thinkers like Adam Smith and David Ricardo, viewing natural sciences as a model for understanding human social behavior.
Advocated for pure capitalism, highlighting self-interest that ultimately benefits society; anticipated the unsustainability of such a system.

Influence from Friedrich Engels

Engels, from a wealthy background, authored "The Condition of the Working Class," focusing on early industrial cities like Manchester.
Analyzed the connection between family structures and private property, proposing that state power is rooted in the support of private property rights.

Description

This quiz focuses on key concepts related to Karl Marx and his influence on social theory. It covers essential terms such as Jewish ethnicity and the content of his seminal work, 'Das Kapital'. Test your understanding of these fundamental ideas and their implications in societal structures.