10 Questions
Which of the following social hierarchies was NOT based on a system of feudalism?
The Aztecs
What was a key difference between the social hierarchies of the Catholic Church and the Aztecs?
The Catholic Church believed in original sin, while the Aztecs believed in polytheism
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the Renaissance Europe social hierarchy?
Feudalism
What was a key difference between the social hierarchies of the Catholic Church and Renaissance Europe?
The Catholic Church was more focused on original sin, while Renaissance Europe was more focused on humanism
What was a key similarity between the social hierarchies of Medieval Europe and Edo Period Japan?
Both were based on feudalism
Which social hierarchy was based on a tripartite system consisting of nobles, commoners, and slaves?
The Aztecs
In which society did the Catholic Church hold absolute power and authority in spiritual matters?
The Catholic Church
What led to the emergence of a middle class in Medieval Europe?
Growth of trade and commerce
What was the primary ideology that shaped social hierarchy and moral values in Edo Period Japan?
Confucianism
What marked the transition from the feudal system in Medieval Europe?
Decline of feudalism and rise of nation-states
Study Notes
Medieval Europe
- Social hierarchy based on feudalism: lords owned land, vassals provided military service in exchange for protection and land
- Belief in Divine Right of Kings: monarchs were appointed by God and held absolute power
- Catholic Church played a significant role in shaping social norms and morality
Renaissance Europe
- Humanism emphasized individualism, reason, and classical Greek and Roman culture
- Rise of nationalism: emergence of nation-states and concept of national identity
- Social mobility: emergence of a middle class and possibility of upward social mobility through education and trade
The Catholic Church
- Papal authority: belief in the Pope's infallibility and supreme authority in spiritual matters
- Clerical hierarchy: strict hierarchy of bishops, priests, and monks, with the Pope at the top
- Original sin and salvation: humanity was born sinful, needed salvation through the Church
The Aztecs
- Polytheism: worship of multiple gods and goddesses, each associated with different aspects of life and nature
- Human sacrifice: practice of sacrificing humans to appease gods and maintain balance of universe
- Tripartite system: social hierarchy consisting of nobles, commoners, and slaves
Edo Period Japan
- Confucianism emphasized social hierarchy, respect for authority, and moral values
- Shogunate: feudal military government that ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868
- Samurai code: set of principles and ethics governing behavior of samurai warriors
Similarities and Differences
- Similarities:
- Hierarchical social structure
- Significant role of religion in shaping social norms and values
- Concentration of power and authority in the hands of a few elites
- Differences:
- Medieval Europe: feudalism, feudal lords, and Catholic Church influence
- Renaissance Europe: emergence of middle class, humanism, and nationalism
- Catholic Church: strict hierarchical structure, papal authority, and emphasis on salvation
- Aztecs: polytheism, human sacrifice, and tripartite social hierarchy
- Edo Period Japan: Confucianism, feudal military government, and samurai code
Study guide covering the social hierarchies of Medieval Europe, Renaissance Europe, the Catholic Church, the Aztecs, and Edo Period Japan. Explore the beliefs and ideas that shaped these societies.
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