Questions and Answers
What defines the network of an individual's statuses and roles that guides human interaction?
What is a socially defined position in group or society called?
Status
What is the behavior expected of someone occupying a particular status?
Role
What is a status assigned according to standards beyond a person's control?
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What is the status that plays the greatest role in shaping a person's life?
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What are corresponding roles that define patterns of interaction between related statuses?
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What are the socially determined behaviors expected of a person performing a role?
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What term describes the actual behavior of a person in their role?
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What do sociologists call the different roles attached to a single status?
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What occurs when fulfilling role expectations of one status makes it difficult to fulfill those of another status?
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What is it called when a person has difficulty meeting the role expectations of a single status?
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What is a system of statuses, roles, values, and norms organized to satisfy basic needs of society?
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What is the term for a set of two or more people who interact based on shared expectations?
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What do we call when people gather in the same place at the same time without organization?
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What is a means of classifying people according to shared traits or common status?
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What is the smallest grouping of people possible?
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What is a group with a few members interacting on a face-to-face basis called?
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What is a small group of people who interact over a long period on a personal basis called?
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What term describes any group with whom individuals identify and adopt their values?
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What is the group that a person belongs to and identifies with?
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What denotes any group a person does not belong to or identify with?
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What is the web of relationships formed by a person's interactions with others called?
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What is the way in which a society uses technology to provide for its members' needs?
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What is the process of specialization by individuals or groups in specific economic activities called?
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What type of society primarily relies on human and animal labor for food production?
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What type of society is characterized by mechanized production of goods?
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What type of society centers on the production of information and services?
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What type of society relies on vegetable grown in garden plots as the main form of subsistence?
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What is an exchange in trade called?
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What is the concentration of the population in cities called?
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What term describes the close-knit social relationships resulting from shared values and tasks?
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What is the term for impersonal social relationships that arise with job specialization?
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What is a type of secondary group that is characterized by an organized structure?
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What is a ranked authority structure operating according to specific rules called?
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Study Notes
Social Structure
- A network of statuses and roles guiding human interaction.
Status
- A socially defined position within a group or society.
Role
- Expected behaviors and obligations of an individual in a specific status.
Ascribed Status
- Status assigned based on factors beyond an individual's control.
Master Status
- The most influential status that shapes a person's identity and role in society.
Reciprocal Roles
- Corresponding roles defining interaction patterns between related statuses.
Role Expectations
- Socially determined behaviors expected from individuals in specific roles.
Role Performance
- Actual behavior exhibited, which may differ from societal expectations.
Role Set
- The collection of different roles associated with a single status.
Role Conflict
- Challenges in meeting expectations of one status that interfere with another status.
Role Strain
- Difficulties in fulfilling the role expectations associated with a single status.
Social Institution
- A systematic organization of statuses, roles, values, and norms to address societal needs.
Group
- A minimum of two people interacting based on shared expectations and common identity.
Aggregate
- A collection of individuals gathered in the same location without structured interaction.
Social Category
- Classification of individuals based on shared traits or common statuses.
Dyad
- The smallest possible group, consisting of two members.
Small Group
- A group characterized by direct face-to-face interaction among a few individuals.
Primary Group
- A small group of people maintaining long-term, personal interactions.
Reference Group
- Groups with which individuals identify, often influencing their values and attitudes.
Ingroup
- A group to which a person belongs and identifies.
Outgroup
- Groups that individuals do not belong to or identify with.
Social Network
- The web of relationships formed through individual interactions with others.
Subsistence Strategy
- Methods employed by a society to provide for its members' basic needs.
Division of Labor
- Specialization of individuals or groups in specific economic activities.
Preindustrial Society
- Primarily reliant on human and animal labor for food production.
Industrial Society
- Characterized by mechanized production of goods as the main economic activity.
Postindustrial Society
- Economic activity focuses on information production and service provision.
Horticulture Society
- Societies relying on cultivated vegetables as their primary subsistence method.
Barter
- Exchange of goods; can refer to the act of trading.
Urbanization
- Population concentration in urban areas.
Mechanical Solidarity
- Social bonds formed from shared values and similar tasks among a small group.
Organic Solidarity
- Impersonal relationships arising from job specialization in larger groups.
Formal Organization
- A large secondary group organized to achieve specific goals.
Bureaucracy
- A hierarchical authority structure governed by rules and procedures.
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Description
Explore key concepts related to social structure with these flashcards. Defined terms such as social structure, status, and role will enhance your understanding of human interactions and societal organization. Perfect for sociology students looking to reinforce their knowledge.
