Social Stratification Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following defines social stratification as a hierarchy of positions?

  • Lundberg
  • Gisbert
  • Melvin M Tumin (correct)
  • Raymond W. Murray
  • According to which theorist is social stratification primarily due to inherited differences in environmental conditions?

  • Professor Sorokin (correct)
  • Davis
  • Spengler
  • Karl Marx
  • What are the major types of social stratification identified in the content?

  • Estate, Class, Caste, Slavery (correct)
  • Class, Caste, Ethnic, Gender
  • Caste, Gender, Ethnic, Slavery
  • Caste, Class, Age, Estate
  • Which theory posits that social stratification arises from the conquest of one group by another?

    <p>Gumplowicz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is caste stratification primarily determined?

    <p>By birth into a particular group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In modern society, class stratification is predominantly based on what factor?

    <p>Wealth accumulation and personal achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Spengler attribute as the foundation of social stratification?

    <p>Scarcity created by differentiation of functions and powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theorist proposed that social stratification exists due to the functional necessity of the social system?

    <p>Davis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of social stratification as described in the content?

    <p>Stratification is universal across all societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle indicates that stratification exists as a community phenomenon rather than an individual insight?

    <p>Stratification is a mass phenomenon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates modern stratification from that of primitive societies?

    <p>The effects of stratification are more pronounced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to social stratification?

    <p>Religion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, stratification is primarily based on which type of factors?

    <p>Educational and personal characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the economic basis of slavery as presented in the content?

    <p>Slavery involves master-subject relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Sorokin imply about organized groups and stratification?

    <p>All permanently organized groups are stratified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle explains the global presence of stratification through generations?

    <p>The constancy of cultural beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the movement from a lower to a higher social status?

    <p>Upward mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of social mobility involves changing jobs without altering one's social status?

    <p>Horizontal mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following societies is the rate of social mobility considered to be low?

    <p>India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of social mobility occurs when an individual loses their job and moves to a lower status?

    <p>Downward mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT typically influence the rate of social mobility in a society?

    <p>Color of clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of upward mobility for an individual?

    <p>Increase in wealth and power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly represents vertical mobility?

    <p>A peon becoming a bank officer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of social mobility involves instances of both upward and downward movement?

    <p>Vertical mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for changes in status that occur from one generation to another?

    <p>Inter-generational mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mobility occurs within one generation?

    <p>Intra-generational mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the caste system regarding social mobility?

    <p>Does not facilitate vertical social mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is social class described in relation to mobility?

    <p>An open system that allows for vertical mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept has been discussed critically in relation to social differentiation in recent years?

    <p>Gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'gender' refer to in the context of social stratification?

    <p>Socially constructed roles of men and women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which century did the term 'gender' begin to gain emphasis in social discourse?

    <p>19th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between caste, class, and gender?

    <p>Gender interacts within the hierarchies of caste and class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driving force behind individuals from shady careers seeking legitimacy?

    <p>Wanting respectability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does social stratification act as a source of social inequality?

    <p>Through the hierarchical division of society into layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a negative outcome of social competition arising from stratification?

    <p>Social conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guarantees that every social position has a level of prestige associated with it?

    <p>Legitimately logical differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class in ancient India was particularly noted for enjoying a superior position?

    <p>Brahmins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of social stratification?

    <p>Enforces irrational differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of social stratification contributes to social progress according to the content?

    <p>Existence of various social levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fundamental aspect does NOT contribute to a healthy social structure according to the features outlined?

    <p>Status differences based on irrational practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of social stratification?

    <p>It leads to a stable and enduring hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship between different statuses in social stratification?

    <p>Statuses are inter-dependent and related.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In India, which system is primarily associated with social stratification?

    <p>Caste-based stratification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does social stratification affect interactions among individuals?

    <p>It limits interactions defined by social norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does social mobility refer to within the context of stratification?

    <p>The possibility of changing one's economic position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about social values in stratification is most accurate?

    <p>Values and traditions form the basis of stratification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of caste-based stratification?

    <p>A rigid and permanent classification system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class system is generally associated with western societies in terms of stratification?

    <p>Class-based system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Stratification: Definition

    • Social stratification is a system where society classifies people based on race, caste, creed, etc.
    • It's a system of social inequality, where people are treated differently based on social rewards (status, power, income).
    • This classification has existed throughout history and across cultures.

    Social Stratification Theories

    • Social stratification theories suggest different bases for social differences, such as power and social position.
    • These differences can stem from historical factors.
    • Social stratification leads to different rights and power among subgroups.

    Classification of Modern Stratification

    • Social stratification is a type of social inequality.
    • It ranks individuals and groups according to social positions.
    • Groups are ranked within a hierarchy with varying status.
    • Members within a layer share social identity and lifestyle.

    Types of Social Stratification

    • Caste: A hereditary, endogamous social group. Rank is determined at birth, and people are assigned specific rights and obligations. (Example: Indian caste system).
    • Class: Social stratification based on achievement, economic status. Rank can change over time based on individual achievement. (Example: Modern societies).
    • Estate: Social stratification system based on land ownership. Rank is based on birth, and people hold specific rights and obligations. (Example: Medieval Europe).
    • Slavery: A system where people are owned and considered property of others.

    Principles of Stratification

    • Stratification is a universal characteristic of all societies.
    • Stratification is a form of social inequality, based on differences/ rankings of people rather than biological factors.
    • Stratification is hierarchical, with levels of inequality.
    • Stratification has existed throughout history and in different forms.

    Social Stratification and Social Mobility

    • Social mobility refers to the movement of people within the social hierarchy.
    • Types of social mobility:
      • Vertical: Movement between different social strata (higher to lower or lower to higher).
      • Horizontal: Movement within the same social stratum.
    • Inter-generational mobility: Changes in social status from one generation to the next.
    • Intra-generational mobility: Changes in social status within a single generation.

    Functions of Social Stratification

    • Encourages hard work: Higher social standing is often linked with rewards, motivating individuals to work hard.
    • Ensures circulation of elites: Competition for higher positions ensures that the most qualified people move up the hierarchy.
    • Serves economic function: Utilizing talent and skills efficiently by offering differential rewards.
    • Prevents waste of resources: Placing individuals in positions that best utilize their skills and abilities.
    • Stabilizes/reinforces attitudes/skills: Reinforcing existing social order through maintaining, rewarding, and supporting relevant social traits.

    Social Stratification in India

    • Social stratification in Indian society is largely influenced by the caste system, despite attempts at modernization.
    • Social stratification leads to inequality and competition for higher positions.

    Gender and Social Stratification

    • Gender is a social construct, influencing social stratification and power dynamics.
    • Gender cuts across social levels (caste and class).

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    Social Stratification PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the concept of social stratification, including its definitions, theories, classifications, and types. Understand how society organizes individuals based on various criteria like race, caste, and income. Test your knowledge on the social hierarchies that influence rights and power among different groups.

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