Social Stratification and Inequality
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between open and closed systems of stratification?

  • Open systems are based on ascribed statuses, while closed systems are based on achieved statuses
  • Open systems are used in capitalist societies, while closed systems are used in socialist societies
  • Open systems are based on achieved statuses, while closed systems are based on ascribed statuses (correct)
  • Open systems are more common in modern societies, while closed systems were used in ancient societies

    • According to Karl Marx, what is the primary source of class distinction?

  • Social status and prestige
  • Ownership of the means of production (correct)
  • Occupation and education
  • Wealth and income

    • What is the term for the reputation someone occupying a status has earned?

  • Social mobility
  • Status inconsistency
  • Prestige
  • Esteem (correct)

    • What is the term for the ability to change positions within a social stratification system?

    <p>Social mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for resources that a person possesses that are useful and desirable in society?

    <p>Cultural capital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functionalist perspective on inequality?

    <p>Inequality is necessary to attract the most qualified people to the most important occupations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary mechanism by which societies allocate individuals to important occupations?

    <p>Unequal rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the conflict theory, what is the primary outcome of social inequality?

    <p>Benefits for some, disadvantages for others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the parenting style characterized by conversational equality and encouraging children to argue for what they want?

    <p>Concerted cultivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Merton, what is the result of people feeling strongly about their desire to achieve their goals?

    <p>Weakening institutional norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do preschoolers unknowingly contribute to the continuance of social class inequality, according to Jessi Streib's research?

    <p>Through their language use and social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the symbolic interactionist perspective on inequality?

    <p>How inequality is communicated and perceived</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between middle-class and working-class parents' parenting styles, according to the text?

    <p>Middle-class parents practice 'concerted cultivation', while working-class parents prioritize 'natural growth'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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