Social Research Methods

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Questions and Answers

Briefly describe the 'form' aspect of social research, as introduced in the essay prompt.

The 'form' aspect refers to the structured approach and methodology used in social research, including the design, data collection, and analysis.

What are some common tools or methods used for data collection in social science?

Surveys, interviews, experiments, and observations

According to Popper's method, what role does falsification play in scientific inquiry?

Falsification is central; a theory is considered scientific if it's potentially falsifiable by empirical evidence.

In political science research, how might a 'scientific approach' differ from other approaches?

A scientific approach emphasizes empirical evidence, systematic observation, and testable hypotheses, aiming for objectivity and generalizability, while other approaches may rely more on interpretation or normative reasoning. Signup and view all the answers

What key elements should be included in a research report to ensure its clarity and credibility?

A clear research question, methodology, results, and discussion. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a good hypothesis from a simple guess or assumption?

A good hypothesis is testable, falsifiable, and based on existing theory or evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What are some potential limitations of using statistical techniques in data analysis?

Statistical techniques can be limited by assumptions about data distribution, potential for bias in data collection, and the risk of misinterpreting results. Signup and view all the answers

Describe one key difference between participant observation and non-participant observation.

In participant observation, the researcher actively engages with the subjects, while in non-participant observation, the researcher observes from a distance without direct interaction. Signup and view all the answers

Briefly outline the main argument of Kuhn's method in the context of scientific progress.

Kuhn's method suggests that science progresses through paradigm shifts, where established frameworks are replaced by new ones. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key steps involved in thesis writing, from initial research to final submission?

Research question formulation, literature review, data collection and analysis, writing and revision. Signup and view all the answers

What are some strategies to maximize response rates and minimize bias in questionnaire design?

Clear and concise questions, pilot testing, and ensuring anonymity. Signup and view all the answers

What are the key differences between probability and non-probability sampling techniques?

Probability sampling involves random selection, ensuring each member of the population has a known chance of being included, while non-probability sampling does not. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of social research, why is understanding the 'importance' of a topic crucial?

Understanding its importance justifies the research, demonstrates its relevance to society, and motivates investment in the study. Signup and view all the answers

How does the meaning of 'data' differ between qualitative and quantitative research approaches?

In quantitative research, 'data' often refers to numerical measurements, while in qualitative research, it can include textual, visual, or auditory materials. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential ethical concern when using Popper's method in social research?

Overemphasis on falsification may lead to overlooking potentially valuable insights or prematurely rejecting theories. Signup and view all the answers

How can a researcher ensure objectivity when applying a scientific approach to political science research?

By using standardized methods, minimizing researcher bias, and subjecting findings to peer review. Signup and view all the answers

What are some ways to improve the clarity and impact of a research report beyond simply presenting the data?

Providing context, interpreting findings, and connecting results to broader theories. Signup and view all the answers

How does the scope of a hypothesis influence the design and execution of a research study?

A broader scope may require more extensive data collection, while a narrower scope allows for more focused analysis. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways can the types of observation data gathered influence the types of statistical analysis you'll perform?

Different type of observation provides different forms of data, dictating if you can perform parametric statistics (e.g., interval or ratio data) or non-parametric statistics (e.g., nominal or ordinal data). Signup and view all the answers

How can researchers effectively integrate Kuhn's method into the practical application of research design?

By explicitly acknowledging and addressing potential paradigm shifts or competing theoretical frameworks within their field. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Social Research

The form and importance of studying society.

Data

Facts and statistics collected for analysis; tools include surveys and experiments.

Popper's Method

Karl Popper's method emphasizes falsifiability as a means of distinguishing science from non-science.