Social Relationships and Political Movements
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Questions and Answers

Doing things for each other without expecting anything in return makes a good ______.

friendship

Building good relationships with colleagues can be an asset to your work ______.

success

Love and respect for others are basic in establishing good and ______ relationships.

inspiring

Familial relationships are believed to be the most important of all ______ of relationship.

<p>types</p> Signup and view all the answers

The human brain is the command center for the human ______ system.

<p>nervous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intelligence, creativity, emotion, and memory are a few of the many things governed by the ______.

<p>brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and ______ cord.

<p>spinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

A study by Yulei Zhang et al. found 10,000 extremist ______.

<p>websites</p> Signup and view all the answers

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of spinal nerves that branch from the spinal cord and cranial ______ that branch from the brain.

<p>nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cyberspace has allowed ______ warfare between extremists and the public.

<p>asymmetric</p> Signup and view all the answers

Countries have established ______ agencies to combat cyberterrorism.

<p>cybersecurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Internet has a passive nature, meaning users discover what they ______.

<p>seek</p> Signup and view all the answers

E-movements have a ______ and decentralized structure.

<p>horizontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leaders of e-movements are often computer ______ individuals.

<p>savvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The traditional movements have a centralized, vertically ______ command structure.

<p>hierarchical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Some internet-based movements failed due to lack of face-to-face ______.

<p>interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Long-term memory is processed in the ______ of the temporal lobe.

<p>hippocampus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Skill memory is processed in the ______.

<p>cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The brain has hollow fluid-filled cavities called ______.

<p>ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

CSF is recycled by special structures called ______ in the superior sagittal sinus.

<p>arachnoid villi</p> Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of the bony skull is to protect the ______ from injury.

<p>brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

The skull is formed from ______ bones that fuse together along suture lines.

<p>eight</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inside the skull are three distinct areas: anterior fossa, middle fossa, and ______ fossa.

<p>posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The third ventricle connects with the fourth ventricle through a long narrow tube called the ______ of Sylvius.

<p>aqueduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

The folding of the cortex increases the brain's surface area allowing more __________ to fit inside the skull.

<p>neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each fold in the cortex is called a __________.

<p>gyrus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The grooves between folds in the cortex are known as __________.

<p>sulcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ is known as the master control of the autonomic system.

<p>hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' due to its role in controlling other endocrine glands.

<p>pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ gland helps regulate the body's internal clock by secreting melatonin.

<p>pineal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ system is described as the center of our emotions, learning, and memory.

<p>limbic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Short-term memory, also known as __________ memory, occurs in the prefrontal cortex.

<p>working</p> Signup and view all the answers

The brain has a unique system for venous circulation, which involves the ______ sinuses.

<p>venous</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nerve cells communicate through electrical and chemical signals across a tiny gap called a ______.

<p>synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Glia cells provide support and nourishment to ______ cells in the brain.

<p>neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ of Willis allows for collateral blood flow in case of vessel blockage.

<p>Circle</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are about ______ times more glia cells than nerve cells in the brain.

<p>50</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ cells of the brain are primarily responsible for transmitting information.

<p>nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

Neurotransmitter molecules cross the synapse and fit into special ______ on the receiving nerve cell.

<p>receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two major types of brain cells are neurons and ______ cells.

<p>glia</p> Signup and view all the answers

The recognized person is considered worthy of ______ by the youth and adults alike in the community.

<p>emulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The school is a venue for training students physically, mentally, attitudinally, emotionally, and in some cases, ______.

<p>spiritually</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the family, the student plays the roles of an elder brother or sister, a house helper, a babysitter, or an ______.

<p>animal keeper</p> Signup and view all the answers

Freud highlighted the role of the ______ in shaping the social behavioral pattern of the child.

<p>family</p> Signup and view all the answers

The family is described by Freud as 'the society in ______'.

<p>miniature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Studies have shown that parent-child interactions have a definite influence in shaping the social ______ of children.

<p>behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from one's own parents, adults in the ______ also exert an influence in shaping social behavior.

<p>neighborhood</p> Signup and view all the answers

Extreme shades of child rearing attitudes and practices have a definite influence in shaping social ______ of children.

<p>behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cyberterrorism

The use of cyberspace for terrorist attacks or causing disruptions to nations.

Asymmetric warfare

Unbalanced conflict where one side (like terrorists) uses unexpected methods against a stronger opponent.

E-movements

Social movements using the internet for organizing and mobilization.

ICT in social movements

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be utilized to start and maintain a successful social movement.

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Internet's passive nature

Users primarily find information that confirms what they already believe.

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Decentralized leadership

E-movements are usually horizontally structured, without a single commanding leader.

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Computer-savvy leaders

Leaders of e-movements are often tech-experts, not necessarily political activists.

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Extremist websites analysis

Technology exists to understand extremist conversations and content from online forums.

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Good Relationships

Positive connections between people built on respect, sincerity, and understanding.

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Work Relationships

Connections with colleagues and coworkers that can influence career success.

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Family Relationships

Connections with family members.

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Brain Structure

The brain is made up of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.

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Central Nervous System (CNS)

The brain and spinal cord, the control center of the body.

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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The network of nerves branching from the brain and spinal cord.

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Brain Function

The brain controls thoughts, memory, speech, movement, and bodily functions.

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Sensory Input to Brain

The brain receives information by our five senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing).

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Gyrus

A fold in the brain's cortex.

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Sulcus

A groove between folds in the brain's cortex.

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White matter tracts

Pathways that connect different brain areas.

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Hypothalamus

Brain region controlling the autonomic system and basic needs.

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Short-term memory

Memory that holds information for a short time (about a minute).

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Prefrontal Cortex

Brain area responsible for short-term memory and working memory.

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Encoding

Process of moving information from short-term to long-term memory.

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Limbic System

Brain area involved in emotions, learning, and memory.

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Long-term memory

Memory processed in the hippocampus for storing information for a long time; unlimited in capacity and duration, containing personal memories, facts, and figures.

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Skill memory

Memory processed in the cerebellum and basal ganglia; stores automatic learned actions like riding a bike or playing an instrument.

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Ventricles (brain)

Hollow fluid-filled cavities within the brain.

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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Clear, colorless fluid that cushions the brain and spinal cord from injury, and is continuously produced, absorbed, and recycled.

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Hydrocephalus

A build-up of CSF within the brain, resulting in enlarged ventricles, due to a disruption or blockage in the CSF flow system.

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Skull Function

Protects the brain from injury by housing it within a bony structure.

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Skull Composition

The skull is composed of eight bones that fuse together at suture lines, with fourteen bones forming the face.

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Skull Fossa

Different sections within the skull; anterior, middle, and posterior fossae used in determining tumor locations.

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Role Model

A person recognized as worthy of being copied or imitated by others, especially young people.

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School as a Training Ground

The school prepares students physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually for the challenges of life.

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Family as a Social Agency

The family is the initial social environment where a child learns social behavior and values.

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Freud's Family Influence

Freud emphasized the crucial impact of family interactions on a child's personality development.

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Family Roles

Within the family, students often take on roles like helping with chores, caring for siblings, or looking after pets.

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Parenting Styles and Social Behavior

Different parenting approaches, like authoritative or permissive, can influence a child's personality and social skills.

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Neighborhood Influence

Adults outside the family, like neighbors, also play a role in shaping a child's social behavior.

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Socialization Process

The process through which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors of their society.

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Collateral blood flow

When a blocked major blood vessel in the brain is bypassed by blood flowing through smaller, alternative pathways, preventing brain damage.

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Circle of Willis

A network of arteries at the base of the brain that connects major blood vessels, allowing for collateral blood flow in case of blockage.

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Venous sinuses

Special channels within the dura mater, the tough outer layer of the brain, that collect blood from the brain and drain it into veins.

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Superior and inferior sagittal sinuses

Two major venous sinuses within the dura mater, draining blood from the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.

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Cavernous sinuses

Venous sinuses located at the base of the skull, draining blood from the anterior part of the brain.

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Sigmoid sinuses

Venous sinuses that collect blood from other sinuses and drain it into the jugular veins, exiting the skull.

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Neurons

Nerve cells that transmit information through electrical and chemical signals, consisting of a cell body, dendrites and an axon.

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Synapse

A tiny gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released, allowing communication between nerve cells.

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Study Notes

Lesson 4: Social Relationships and Political Movements

  • Smartphones and internet access have transformed collective action, providing equal opportunities for mobilization and information dissemination.
  • Marginalized people connect with like-minded individuals in sociopolitical movements through online platforms.
  • Internet-based movements (SMOs) operate differently from traditional ones, relying on online propagation and collaborative innovation networks (CoINs) for achieving common goals.
  • ICT played a major role in the Arab Spring, enabling protests and fostering awareness globally.

Impact of ICT in Various International Events

  • The Arab Spring uprising began in 2010, sparked by a Tunisian street vendor's self-immolation in protest, and spread rapidly across Arab countries.
  • The uprising's spread was facilitated through social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and blogs, which allowed protesters to mobilize and coordinate their actions, enabling a global outcry.
  • The protests against authoritarian governments had various underlying causes such as economic failures and corruption.
  • Discontented individuals used ICT to exercise freedom of speech and organizing, giving courage to the protesters.

Occupy Wall Street

  • Twitter played a pivotal role in communication and coordination among Occupy Wall Street protesters.
  • Twitter facilitated information sharing among participants.
  • Protests used Twitter to communicate sensitive information and coordinate actions against police.
  • The use of Twitter enabled interstate communication, forming a collective group with shared goals, purpose, and identity.
  • This movement inspired copycats globally.

Terrorism

  • Terrorist groups leverage ICT (especially websites) for recruitment, disseminating propaganda, promoting high-risk activities, and executing inter-group communication.
  • Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State (ISIS) are two prominent examples of groups utilising ICT for these purposes.
  • The use of ICT enabled ISIS to gain prestige amongst other terrorist groups and coordinate troop movements and control of territories.
  • Cyberterrorism is unlawful threats of attacks against computers, networks and information systems, intended to intimidate or coerce a government.

Neural Network

  • The human brain is the central control for the nervous system, processing signals from sensory organs and conveying information to muscles. 
  • The brain has basic structures but is relatively larger compared to body size than any other mammals.
  • It has specific areas to control different parts of the body. Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem control functions like movement, coordinating muscle movements, maintaining posture.
  • The brain receives information from five senses.
  • The brain controls thoughts, memory, and speech and also coordinates bodily functions.

Social Network

  • A social network is a social structure consisting of people and their social interactions.
  • Using analysis to study social structures to explain social dynamics.
  • Emerging from social psychology, sociology, statistics, and graph theory.
  • Social interactions are important in shaping the individuals.

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Social Relationships and Political Movements PDF

Description

Explore how smartphones and the internet have reshaped collective action in political movements. This quiz examines the role of ICT in events like the Arab Spring and how online platforms have empowered marginalized voices. Test your knowledge on these transformative sociopolitical dynamics.

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