Social Reformers and Kanya Gurukuls

Dayanand Saraswati established the Arya Samaj, promoted widow remarriage, and opposed child marriage. He also established Kanya Gurukuls for women's education and wrote Satyarth Prakash.

Jyotiba Phule challenged Brahmana superiority, advocating for land rights for low-caste people and equality among all castes in India. He founded the Satya Shodhak Samaj.

Ranade and Bhandarkar's Prarthana Samaj campaigned against women's discrimination and worked towards the upliftment of women in India. They founded the National Social Conference.

Kandukuri Veeresalingam advocated for women's education, widow remarriage, and caste equality in Andhra Pradesh. He established schools for marginalized groups.

B.R. Ambedkar founded the Scheduled Castes Federation to fight against caste oppression. He campaigned for rights for untouchables and led nonviolent movements.

Established by Jyotiba Phule, this society worked to improve the condition of oppressed classes and advocated for equality amongst all castes.

Its primary goal was to campaign for the upliftment of women and to condemn discrimination they faced.

Founded by Dayanand Saraswati, its impact on Indian society during the nineteenth century was significant in its advocacy for the betterment on the lives of women and its opposition to social inequities.

Roy spearheaded social reform in Bengal by founding the Brahmo Samaj, fighting against sati, and highlighting social evils through the Atmiya Sabha.

The Brahmo Samaj advocated for monotheism, improved women's status, and challenged idol worship, rituals, the caste system, and superstition.

Vidyasagar championed widow remarriage, established schools for girls and boys (including lower castes), and promoted Sanskrit education.

Vivekananda opposed casteism and untouchability. He founded the Ramakrishna Mission and promoted education for all.

He championed social reform for untouchables, founded the SNDP Yogam advocating for social equality and education.

EV Ramaswamy Naicker (Periyar) led a movement in Tamil Nadu opposing rituals and fighting for social equality; especially for untouchables. This movement had a strong focus on self-respect among marginalized groups.

Various social reformers, including Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, and others, emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries to address social injustices and improve the lives of marginalized communities.

Founded in 1828, the Brahmo Samaj championed monotheism, opposition to idolatry and the caste system, and reforms to improve the status of women.