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Questions and Answers
Which type of aggression is characterized by inflicting harm for its own sake?
Which type of aggression is characterized by inflicting harm for its own sake?
- Social aggression
- Instrumental aggression
- Emotional/hostile aggression (correct)
- Biological aggression
In Jane Elliot's experiment, what social psychological concept is illustrated by the treatment of the participants based on their eye color?
In Jane Elliot's experiment, what social psychological concept is illustrated by the treatment of the participants based on their eye color?
- Social identity theory (correct)
- Group polarization
- Conformity
- Cognitive dissonance
How does culture influence aggression?
How does culture influence aggression?
- Culture may promote honor-related violence (correct)
- Culture encourages non-violent conflict resolution
- Culture only influences verbal aggression
- Culture has no impact on aggression
What biological factor influences aggression?
What biological factor influences aggression?
How can we reduce aggression according to the text?
How can we reduce aggression according to the text?
What type of behavior is instrumental aggression?
What type of behavior is instrumental aggression?
In what way does the media influence aggression?
In what way does the media influence aggression?
What is the primary difference between emotional/hostile aggression and instrumental aggression?
What is the primary difference between emotional/hostile aggression and instrumental aggression?
What does the text suggest about the relationship between biological factors and social psychological factors in influencing aggression?
What does the text suggest about the relationship between biological factors and social psychological factors in influencing aggression?
What is one way exposure to violence on television can lead to aggression?
What is one way exposure to violence on television can lead to aggression?
What can exposure to violence in the media lead to?
What can exposure to violence in the media lead to?
How does arousal from watching highly violent television influence aggression?
How does arousal from watching highly violent television influence aggression?
What is one way of reducing aggression mentioned in the text?
What is one way of reducing aggression mentioned in the text?
What does learning information indicating that a person should not be held fully responsible for his/her actions do?
What does learning information indicating that a person should not be held fully responsible for his/her actions do?
What is power-distance in terms of culture?
What is power-distance in terms of culture?
What is one reason given for higher rates of domestic violence in collectivistic cultures?
What is one reason given for higher rates of domestic violence in collectivistic cultures?
What is one characteristic of peaceful societies mentioned in the text?
What is one characteristic of peaceful societies mentioned in the text?
What does the 'culture of honour' in the American South promote?
What does the 'culture of honour' in the American South promote?
What is one way child-rearing norms may influence the acceptability of aggression?
What is one way child-rearing norms may influence the acceptability of aggression?
According to Freud's death wish theory, aggression is considered as:
According to Freud's death wish theory, aggression is considered as:
What percentage of violence against children is perpetrated by parents or caregivers?
What percentage of violence against children is perpetrated by parents or caregivers?
According to genetic factors, what percentage of the variance in aggression do they contribute to?
According to genetic factors, what percentage of the variance in aggression do they contribute to?
Which hormone is associated with increased aggression in both males and females?
Which hormone is associated with increased aggression in both males and females?
According to Frustration-aggression theory, what does frustration lead to?
According to Frustration-aggression theory, what does frustration lead to?
Which theory suggests that negative events can lead to aggression, including exposure to aggressive behavior in daily life and media?
Which theory suggests that negative events can lead to aggression, including exposure to aggressive behavior in daily life and media?
What does Social learning theory emphasize regarding behavior?
What does Social learning theory emphasize regarding behavior?
What can hot temperatures and other unpleasant conditions lead to?
What can hot temperatures and other unpleasant conditions lead to?
According to Lorenz's instinct theory, what is aggression considered as?
According to Lorenz's instinct theory, what is aggression considered as?
What does relative deprivation lead to?
What does relative deprivation lead to?
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Study Notes
Biological Factors and Aggression Theories
- Aggression is influenced by biological factors including instinct, evolution, genetics, and hormones.
- Freud's death wish theory suggests that aggression is a coping mechanism for a subconscious death wish.
- Lorenz's instinct theory posits that aggression is an innate drive linked to survival.
- Childhood maltreatment and abuse are prevalent, with 84% of violence against children perpetrated by parents or caregivers.
- Genetic factors contribute up to 41% of the variance in aggression, and high levels of testosterone are associated with aggression in both males and females.
- Social learning theory suggests that behavior is learned by observing others and is influenced by rewards and punishments.
- Testosterone increases readiness to react aggressively and can lead to impatience and irritability.
- Frustration-aggression theory states that frustration leads to aggression, with displacement of aggression towards certain targets when the source of frustration is not available.
- Relative deprivation can lead to perceived injustice and frustration, causing people to displace their economic frustrations onto minorities.
- Cognitive-neoassociation theory suggests that negative events can lead to aggression, including exposure to aggressive behavior in daily life and media.
- Hot temperatures and other unpleasant conditions can lead to increased aggression due to heightened physiological arousal and hostile feelings.
- Social learning theory emphasizes that behavior is learned through observing and modeling others, and reinforcement can lead to aggressive behavior, as demonstrated by the Bobo doll experiment.
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