Questions and Answers
What is the definition of discrimination?
What does individual discrimination refer to?
Micro Level behavior between two individuals.
What is unintentional discrimination?
Actions taken by individuals who may not believe themselves prejudiced.
Deliberate discrimination is actions by ________ individuals that are intentional.
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What does organizational discrimination refer to?
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What is a 'color-blind' and 'gender-neutral' practice?
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What is the meaning of 'temporary inequality'?
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Define 'permanent inequality'.
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What does the term patriarchy refer to?
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What are the characteristics of a dominant group?
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What does 'hegemony' mean?
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What is a system of oppression?
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What term describes the experience of individuals who are oppressed?
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What is sexism?
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What does classism refer to?
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What is meant by 'gender role behavior'?
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What is the double bind?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts of Discrimination
- Discrimination: Limiting opportunities based on race, sex, or national origin.
- Individual Discrimination: Micro-level actions between two individuals causing discrimination.
- Unintentional Discrimination: Actions from individuals unaware of their prejudices, guided by ingrained customs.
- Deliberate Discrimination: Consciously prejudiced individuals engaging in intentional discriminatory actions.
Organizational and Structural Discrimination
- Organizational Discrimination: Macro-level discrimination involving systems like media, education, and criminal justice that perpetuate bias.
- "Color-blind" and "Gender-Neutral" Practices: Organizational actions that disadvantage minorities and women while protecting the status quo.
- "Old Boy Network": Exclusive networks in business and education that favor white males, hindering diversity.
- Structural Discrimination: Macro-level discrimination that pervades an entire society, treating marginalized groups as inferior.
Dynamics of Inequality
- Self-Perpetuating Cycle: Disadvantages passed down through generations, impacting various life areas.
- Dominant Groups: Groups (white, male, heterosexual, upper class) that influence cultural norms and philosophies.
- Subordinate Groups: Groups marginalized and facing permanent inequality, focusing on basic survival rather than activism.
Systems of Advantage and Oppression
- Systems of Advantage: Racism, sexism, and class privilege that enhance opportunities for certain groups while limiting others.
- Oppression: A systemic relationship where one group dominates and exploits another, shaping the lived experiences of the oppressed.
- Frye's Metaphor of a Birdcage: Illustrates how interlocking barriers create a system of oppression, where individuals feel trapped.
Social Constructs and Norms
- The Construction of Difference: Differentiating groups as deviant or deficient, leading to systems of oppression.
- Hegemony and Hegemonic Model: Dominance of certain groups establishes norms that define "normal" human relationships.
Gender and Class Issues
- Patriarchy: A societal structure where males dominate and dominate culture, perpetuating female subordination.
- Sex-role Stereotypes: Socially constructed beliefs about gender-appropriate activities or professions.
- Gender Identity and Role Behavior: Personal identification with male or female categories and behaviors associated with these identities.
Strategies against Oppression
- Allies: Members of dominant groups actively working to dismantle oppression and take personal responsibility for societal change.
- Double Bind: Situations where limited options result in penalties for the choices made.
Inequality in Society
- Temporary vs. Permanent Inequality: Temporary inequality arises in specific relationships (e.g., teacher-student), while permanent inequality is ascribed at birth and upheld by social structures.
- Stratification: Hierarchical division of society leading to ingrained beliefs about group status.
Contemporary Impact of Systems of Oppression
- Sexism and Racism: Systems that provide advantages based on sex and race, affecting the lives and opportunities of women and minorities.
- Heterosexism: The assumption that heterosexual norms are universal, justifying existing power dynamics.
- Classism: Ensures privilege and power remain concentrated within certain social classes.
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts related to race, class, gender, and sexuality with this flashcard quiz. Each card features important definitions and terms, aiding in the exploration of discrimination and its various forms.
