Social Conditions & Reform Movements in India

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following individuals was NOT mentioned in the document as a key figure in the social reform movement?

  • Tarabai Shinde
  • Mahatma Gandhi (correct)
  • Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
  • Kadambani Basu

The document primarily discusses the impact of British rule on caste systems in India.

True (A)

What is the document's primary focus?

The document primarily focuses on the social reform movement led by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and other prominent figures.

The document mentions the ______ as a significant text in the social interactions and regulations of the time.

<p>Manu Smriti</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the individuals mentioned in the document with their prominent areas of social work:

<p>Sir Syed Ahmed Khan = Educational reform and advocacy for Muslim education Kadambani Basu = Women's education and social reform Tarabai Shinde = Advocate for women's rights, challenging traditional social norms Pandita Ramabai = Social reformer and advocate for the upliftment of women, particularly widows</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these individuals was NOT a significant figure in the movement against Sati in India?

<p>Henry Louis Vivian Derozio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Brahmo Samaj played a significant role in both the movement against Sati and the movement against child marriage.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the act passed in 1856 that legalized widow remarriage in India?

<p>Widow Remarriage Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Act, also known as the Sarda Act, raised the age of consent for girls from 10 to 12 in 1929.

<p>Age of Consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reformers with their key areas of social reform:

<p>Raja Rammohan Roy = Campaign against Sati Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar = Promotion of widow remarriage Jotirao Govindrao Phule = Education for low-caste girls Savitribai Phule = Education for low-caste girls</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the sect founded by Harichand Thakur?

<p>Matua Sect</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reformers advocated for religious tolerance and equality?

<p>Swami Vivekananda (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kondukuri Veersalingam Pentuli was a prominent figure in the Telugu language literature and a staunch opponent of superstition.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A prominent theme among the social reformers was the ______ of the existing caste system.

<p>challenge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reformers with their primary contributions:

<p>Guru Ghasidas = Opposed Brahmin domination and advocated for the rights of low castes Shri Sridharulu Naidu = Founded Veda Samaj, promoting religious tolerance and education Swami Vivekananda = Established the Narayana Dharma Yogam, working for the rights of untouchables Shri Narayana Guru = Founded Ramakrishna Mission, advocating for religious harmony and unity Jotirao Govindroo Phule = Protested against caste discrimination and promoted equality between men and women</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these reformers is associated with the 'Veda Samaj'?

<p>Shri Sridharulu Naidu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the Narayana Dharma Yogam, established by Shri Narayana Guru?

<p>The rights of untouchables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Swami Vivekananda's original name was Narendra Dutta.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known for promoting self-respect and challenging caste discrimination by opposing separate electorates for Muslims and Harijans?

<p>EV Ramasamy Periyar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

B.R. Ambedkar believed that separate electorates would ensure the political representation and empowerment of Scheduled Castes/Harijans.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the 'All India Harijan Sevak Sangh' initiated by Mahatma Gandhi?

<p>The 'All India Harijan Sevak Sangh' aimed to remove untouchability and promote equality and respect for the Harijans (Dalits).</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ movement, led by EV Ramasamy Periyar, emphasized the importance of asserting Dravidian identity and challenging the dominance of upper castes.

<p>Dravidian</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the leader with their primary area of focus:

<p>EV Ramasamy Periyar = Promoting unity and challenging untouchability Mahatma Gandhi = Fighting untouchability and promoting rights of Scheduled Castes/Harijans B.R. Ambedkar = Promoting self-respect and opposing separate electorates Singh Sabhas = Reforming Sikh society through education and combating superstitions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Triple Talaq

A system allowing Muslim men to divorce wives by pronouncing 'talaq' three times.

Polygamy

The practice of marrying multiple spouses simultaneously.

Women's Education

The movement advocating for women's access to education and improvement of their rights.

Caste Discrimination

Prejudice and social inequality based on an individual's caste in India.

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Impact of British Rule

Effects of British colonial policies on social status and caste dynamics in India.

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Sati

A historical practice in India where a widow self-immolated on her husband's funeral pyre.

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Brahmo Samaj

A socio-religious reform movement founded by Raja Rammohan Roy to promote social reforms.

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Widow Remarriage Act

An 1856 law in India that legalized widow remarriage, promoting women's rights.

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Child Marriage Act 1872

Law that made child marriage illegal in India, advocating for women's rights.

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Young Bengal Movement

A movement initiated by Derozio's followers aimed at improving educational conditions for the youth.

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Harichand Thakur

Founded the Matua Sect, focusing on social reform.

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Guru Ghasidas

Protested against caste discrimination and promoted gender equality.

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Veda Samaj

Founded by Shri Sridharulu Naidu to oppose caste discrimination.

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Jotirao Phule

A key figure advocating for low caste rights against Brahmin dominance.

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Swami Vivekananda

Founded the Ramakrishna Mission promoting tolerance and equality.

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Shri Narayana Guru

Established Narayana Dharma Yogam to support untouchables' rights.

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Challenging Caste Discrimination

A common theme among reformers opposing social inequality based on caste.

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Religious Tolerance

Promoting unity across different religions and belief systems.

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EV Ramasamy Periyar

A leader promoting self-respect and challenging caste discrimination, associated with the Dravidian movement.

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Mahatma Gandhi's Contributions

Promoted unity and challenged untouchability, founded 'All India Harijan Sevak Sangh' to uplift untouchables.

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B.R. Ambedkar's Advocacy

Fought against untouchability and promoted rights of Scheduled Castes, especially through education.

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Reform Among Sikhs

Led by Singh Sabhas, focused on education and unity while combating superstitions within Sikhism.

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Dravidian Movement

A socio-political movement challenging caste discrimination and promoting Tamil identity in India.

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Study Notes

Social Conditions & Reform Movements

  • Social reform movements arose in response to social injustices and inequalities prevalent during the British Raj.
  • The movements aimed to address issues of caste discrimination, gender inequality, and religious intolerance.
  • These movements advocated for the education and empowerment of women, challenging traditional practices like sati and child marriage.
  • The Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj emerged as influential reformist groups, advocating for religious and social reform.
  • The emergence of reform movements was influenced by Western ideas of equality and social justice, along with a desire to modernize Indian society.

Features of Social Reform Movements

  • Many reform movements were founded in the 19th century and early 20th century in India.
  • The movements reflected a complex interplay of traditional and modern ideals.
  • The reform movements were often led by educated elites and aimed to challenge existing social hierarchies.
  • Important figures associated with these movements include Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, and Mahatma Gandhi.
  • The movements addressed issues concerning the status of women, caste system, and child marriage through various activities like establishing schools and advocating for legal reforms.

Key Figures Involved in Reform Movements

  • Raja Ram Mohan Roy: Known for advocating against sati and for educational reforms.
  • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar: Worked to improve the status of women and promote widow remarriage.
  • Mahatma Gandhi: Led the independence movement of India and also advocated for social reform, encouraging the empowerment of women.
  • These and other reformers fought for social justice, education, and improved living conditions for all.
  • Reform movements were inspired by religious and social values as well as modern ideologies.

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