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Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the premediated destruction of national, social, religious, or racial collectivities?
What is the term used to describe the premediated destruction of national, social, religious, or racial collectivities?
Raphael Lemkin was the first to define the term 'genocide'.
Raphael Lemkin was the first to define the term 'genocide'.
True
What was the primary function of the Nuremberg trials?
What was the primary function of the Nuremberg trials?
To prosecute Nazi war criminals for genocidal crimes.
Genocide is a combination of the Greek word 'Senos' and Latin '_______'.
Genocide is a combination of the Greek word 'Senos' and Latin '_______'.
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Which of the following is considered a carceral space during genocide?
Which of the following is considered a carceral space during genocide?
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Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
Match the following terms with their correct definitions:
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Genocide only applies to state-level actions and does not include non-state actors.
Genocide only applies to state-level actions and does not include non-state actors.
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List one problem associated with the use of the term 'genocide'.
List one problem associated with the use of the term 'genocide'.
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Which of the following individuals was sentenced to life imprisonment for committing genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity?
Which of the following individuals was sentenced to life imprisonment for committing genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity?
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The ICTY tribunal found Milosevic guilty of genocide before he died.
The ICTY tribunal found Milosevic guilty of genocide before he died.
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What was the approximate number of people killed during the Bosnian war and genocide?
What was the approximate number of people killed during the Bosnian war and genocide?
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The _____ government was found responsible for the killings during the Srebrenica massacre.
The _____ government was found responsible for the killings during the Srebrenica massacre.
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Match the individuals with their roles during the Bosnian war:
Match the individuals with their roles during the Bosnian war:
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What did Duncan Campbell Scott promise regarding the 'Indian problem'?
What did Duncan Campbell Scott promise regarding the 'Indian problem'?
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Intent to harm groups can always be clearly identified and understood.
Intent to harm groups can always be clearly identified and understood.
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What has been recognized as a consequence of the Indian residential schools policy?
What has been recognized as a consequence of the Indian residential schools policy?
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The 'twisted road to Aushwitz' refers to the __________ of Nazi policies during the Holocaust.
The 'twisted road to Aushwitz' refers to the __________ of Nazi policies during the Holocaust.
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of abuse impacting a group's ability to reproduce itself?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of abuse impacting a group's ability to reproduce itself?
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Match the forms of abuse with their impact on groups:
Match the forms of abuse with their impact on groups:
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What does IRSSA stand for?
What does IRSSA stand for?
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Canadian society's actions towards Indigenous peoples are solely viewed as benevolent.
Canadian society's actions towards Indigenous peoples are solely viewed as benevolent.
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Who coined the term 'global north and south'?
Who coined the term 'global north and south'?
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The term 'southern theory' includes North America.
The term 'southern theory' includes North America.
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What is the focus of the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide?
What is the focus of the United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide?
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The concept of genocide includes the intention to destroy a __________ group.
The concept of genocide includes the intention to destroy a __________ group.
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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Which of the following terms highlights the exploitation of global southern countries?
Which of the following terms highlights the exploitation of global southern countries?
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The Indian residential school settlement agreement is viewed as a complete redress for genocide in Canada.
The Indian residential school settlement agreement is viewed as a complete redress for genocide in Canada.
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The UNGC places a stronger emphasis on __________ destruction than social or cultural destruction.
The UNGC places a stronger emphasis on __________ destruction than social or cultural destruction.
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Which of the following genocides was recognized by the UN under article II since 1948?
Which of the following genocides was recognized by the UN under article II since 1948?
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The radar research in Canada has found approximately 230 graves related to unmarked graves.
The radar research in Canada has found approximately 230 graves related to unmarked graves.
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What is the primary focus of Gregory Stanton's Ten Stages of Genocide?
What is the primary focus of Gregory Stanton's Ten Stages of Genocide?
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According to the Ten Stages of Genocide, Stage 1 is called __________.
According to the Ten Stages of Genocide, Stage 1 is called __________.
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Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to the classification process in genocide?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to the classification process in genocide?
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Match the historical genocides with their perpetrators:
Match the historical genocides with their perpetrators:
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What issue related to minority groups in the Canadian carceral system would a south criminological theory focus on?
What issue related to minority groups in the Canadian carceral system would a south criminological theory focus on?
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Indigenous parents view the success of their children in the white world as unimportant.
Indigenous parents view the success of their children in the white world as unimportant.
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Which event did Lemkin first recognize as genocide in 1944?
Which event did Lemkin first recognize as genocide in 1944?
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Lemkin addressed the Holodomor in his 1944 book 'Axis Rule in Occupied Europe'.
Lemkin addressed the Holodomor in his 1944 book 'Axis Rule in Occupied Europe'.
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What was the estimated number of Tutsis killed during the Rwandan genocide in 1994?
What was the estimated number of Tutsis killed during the Rwandan genocide in 1994?
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Timofey Sergeytsev argues that 'Ukrainianism is an __________ anti-Russian construction.'
Timofey Sergeytsev argues that 'Ukrainianism is an __________ anti-Russian construction.'
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What crime involves the kidnapping and transferring of Ukrainian children to Russia?
What crime involves the kidnapping and transferring of Ukrainian children to Russia?
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Match the perpetrators with their associated actions or ideologies:
Match the perpetrators with their associated actions or ideologies:
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The US and European states have supported sanctions against Russia and its oligarchs.
The US and European states have supported sanctions against Russia and its oligarchs.
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What was referred to as incitement to genocide by Ibrahim?
What was referred to as incitement to genocide by Ibrahim?
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Study Notes
SOC 3830 Study Notes
- Actus Reus/Mens Rea: Elements of a crime; action (act) and criminal intent (mind)
- Raphael Lemkin (1933, Madrid Genocide): Coined the term "genocide"
- Barbarism: Premeditated destruction of national, social, religious, or racial collectivities
- Vandalism: Destruction of cultural artifacts
- Genocide: Greek "genos" (tribe/type) + Latin "cide" (to kill); intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group
- Colonization: A fundamental component of Lemkin's genocide definition
- Nuremberg Tribunal: First international war crimes tribunal; Nazi war criminals tried for genocidal crimes against Jews
-
UNGC (United Nations Genocide Convention): Legal definition of genocide; emphasizes intent; 3 ways of determining intent:
- Through individual perpetrators
- Through a comprehensive plan
- Through a consistent pattern of action
- Ethnic Cleansing: Another term for genocide
- Genocide Problems: State-centered, overused, narrow usage, perpetrator-centered, legalism, high burden of proof, potentially oversimplifies conflict, criminology's contribution
-
Criminological Theories on Genocide: North American-centric, need for more diverse perspectives;
- Sexual assault, rape as forms of genocide;
- Current approaches to prosecution/intervention
- International legal and judicial responses;
- Addressing victims' pain and trauma
Carceral Spaces and Genocide
- Carceral Space: Spaces of incarceration, punishment, harm, sometimes killing (residential schools, jails, prisons, detention centers, torture rooms, reserve systems, colonial lands, concentration camps)
- System of Power: Sofsky's analysis of carceral spaces in concentration camps; control over time, unpredictable attacks
- Dachau: Nazi Germany's first concentration camp; political tyrants, Jews, homosexuals, and Jehovah's Witnesses held there; thousands died from malnutrition, overwork, and/or execution
- Carceral Space Importance: Brown and Schept's analysis: abolition and decarceration are crucial; micro (individual), meso (group/community), and macro (system) perspectives, and how power abuses contribute
- Genocide Victim Support Practices: Prevention, punishment, support for victims
Elder Ted Fontaine Video & Discussion Questions
- Residential Schools: Systemic abuse and dehumanization of Indigenous children in Canada
- Discussion Questions: Engle's feminism and its impact on how international tribunals view sexual violence; Woolford's perspective on genocide, and how North American practices on sexual assault compare to how those countries intervene/respond to outside countries; impact of current societal/judicial practices of victims in North America
Sociology and Genocide Prevention
- Sociology's Approach to Holocaust: Ignoring, privatizing, normalizing
- Bureaucracy: Hierarchical organization; law-regulated behavior; written records; expert management
- Cambodia Genocide: Prince Sihanouk's downfall in 1970, rise to power of the Khmer Rouge, Vietnam War's influence
- Perpetrator Motivations: Ideologies tailored to local sensibilities, head for an eye concept; resentment, disproportionate models of revenge; power concentration, and “ontological resonance”
- Genocidal Priming/Manufacturing Differences: Ideologies and actions to mobilize followers
- Female Perpetrators in Genocide: Gendered role expectations, how participation violates expectations (Rwandan example)
Genocide: The Concept and Strategies
- Genocide Definition: Both sociological and legal; physical destruction and an intent to destroy a specific group
- Group Structure: The relations between members that shape the group-disrupting influences destroy, often through violence
- Strategies for Mass Destruction: Forced removal of children, cultural and spiritual abuse, psychological damage, alongside violence, forced assimilation, physical and sexual abuse
- Intent: Arguably more difficult to discern; claims of "benevolence"; examples of clear intent, historical cases
- Genocide Critiques: Processes, not events; not linearly
- Stages of Genocide: 10 stages, from classification to extermination to denial
Genocide in Contemporary World
- Canadian Indigenous Residential Schools: Acknowledging consequences as genocide; need for acknowledgement, accountability, compensation; historical policy's negative impact
- UN Recognition of Genocides: Rwanda, Bosnia, Cambodia; lack of recognition
- Critiques of Genocide Recognition: Focus on physical destruction; omission or downplaying of cultural/social issues; international inconsistencies;
- Case Study of Armenian Genocide: Contested knowledge; dispute between Turkish state and Armenians; evidence of actions, intent, and impact
- Contemporary violence in Ukraine (2013-2024): Political conflicts; ethnic division; political influence; violence, invasion as a result of perceived need for Ukrainian "protection"
Genocide Motivations and International Failures
- Social Intent: Defining genocide above other acts of violence
- Rwandan Genocide: Failures of international peacekeeping intervention; UN inaction in preventing violence; and, how this impacts understanding the violence's causes, or its justifications for genocide; UN peacekeeping's inadequacy
- Bosnian Genocide: International inaction; distinct epistemic structures and anxieties to understanding the conflict, and its historical/political/emotional roots
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in SOC 3830 related to the legal and sociological definitions of genocide, including the roles of intent and actions in criminal behavior. Topics include the history of genocide, Nuremberg Tribunal, and the United Nations Genocide Convention. Test your understanding of crucial terms and historical contexts surrounding these atrocities.
