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Snowball Earth & Ancient Geology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason for the disappearance of Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) from the rock record at around 1.9 Ga?

Massive cap carbonates covered the BIFs

The alternation between oxic and anoxic ocean waters ceased (correct)

The inclination angle of the BIFs changed

The BIFs were affected by dropstones

What does natural remnant magnetism (NRM) of a rock or sediment preserve?

Paleo latitude at the time of formation (correct)

The presence of cap carbonates

The inclination angle of the Earth

Climate conditions at the time of formation

How can one determine if the magnetism of a rock has been reset?

Check for the presence of cap carbonates

Examine magnetism in folded rock layers (correct)

Measure the presence of dropstones

Analyze the inclination angle of the rock

What does the presence of dropstones indicate about a region's latitude?

It confirms the region was located well within 60 degrees of the equator Signup and view all the answers

How could warm water carbonates form directly on top of glacial deposits?

The cap carbonates resulted from non-biologically mediated carbonate precipitation Signup and view all the answers

Why were the oceans swinging between oxic and anoxic?

Due to changes in ocean productivity Signup and view all the answers

What caused the axial tilt during the Neo Proterozoic?

The Big Tilt Hypothesis proposes a major collision Signup and view all the answers

How can warm water deposits overlie glacial deposits?

Cap carbonates are isotopically light Signup and view all the answers

What caused the axial 'un-tilt'?

The Big Tilt Hypothesis does not address this Signup and view all the answers

How could ice form at the equator?

Due to Earth's substantial axial tilt during the Neo Proterozoic Signup and view all the answers

Why was ocean productivity reduced?

Due to the swinging between oxic and anoxic oceans Signup and view all the answers

What about banded iron formations, cap carbonates, and light carbon isotopes?

They are related to the environmental conditions during the Neo Proterozoic Signup and view all the answers