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Questions and Answers
What is the region of the Solar system that consists of billions of fragments of ice and dust, and a major source of comets?
What is the term for the entirety of space and time, and all forms of matter and energy?
What is the term for a collection of hundreds of billions of stars held together by gravity?
What is the distance from the Earth to the Sun defined as?
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What is the process by which the Sun produces energy?
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What is a large cloud of dust and gas called?
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What is the term for a small particle from space that enters the Earth's atmosphere?
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What is the term for a celestial body that is too small to be rounded by its own gravity?
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What is the average distance between the Sun and Earth?
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What is the process in which the nuclei of atoms fuse together and form larger atoms?
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What is the region of rocky debris that forms a ring around the Sun at a distance of about 3 AU?
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What is a celestial object made of ice and dust that orbits the Sun?
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What is a piece of metal or rock that crashed to the Earth's surface and created a crater?
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What is the distance that a beam of light can travel through space in one year?
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What is a small celestial object in orbit around the Sun, especially in the asteroid belt?
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What is a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and begins to burn up as a result of friction?
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What is the term for the cool, darker areas on the Sun's photosphere?
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What is the term for a rocky object that forms an orbit between Mars and Jupiter?
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What is the term for a natural object that orbits a planet?
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What is the term for a collection of dust, gases, and billions of stars?
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What is the term for an icy object that orbits the Sun?
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What is the term for a streak of light from an object falling through the Earth's atmosphere?
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What is the term for an object that strikes the Earth's surface after falling through the atmosphere?
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What is the region of space between Mars and Jupiter where many small rocky objects orbit the Sun?
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Study Notes
Space Unit Exam Review
Key Terms and Definitions
- Celestial objects: objects we can see in the sky that are not man-made
- Astronomical unit: the average distance between the Sun and Earth
- Light year: the distance that a beam of light can travel through space in one year
- Nuclear fusion: the process in which the nuclei of atoms fuse together and form larger atoms, releasing an enormous amount of energy
- Solar system: the Sun together with all the planets and celestial objects held by the Sun's gravitational attraction and orbit around it
- Star: a hot ball of plasma, an electrically charged gas, that shines because nuclear fusion is taking place in its core
- Asteroid belt: a region of rocky debris that forms a ring all the way around the Sun at a distance of about 3 AU
- Comet: a celestial object made of ice and dust that orbits the Sun, and as it approaches the Sun, a gas tail and a dust tail will form
- Meteor: a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and begins to burn up as a result of friction
- Meteorite: a piece of metal or rock that crashed to the Earth's surface and created a crater
- Meteoroid: a piece of metal or rock in the solar system that is smaller than an asteroid, and has no fixed path
- Oort cloud: the most distant region of the Solar system that consists of billions of fragments of ice and dust, and a major source of comets
- Universe: everything that physically exists, including the entirety of space and time, and all forms of matter and energy
- Galaxy: a collection of hundreds of billions of stars held together by gravity
- Nebula: a large cloud of dust and gas
The Sun and Solar System
- The distance from the Earth to the Sun is defined as an astronomical unit (AU)
- The sun produces energy by a process called nuclear fusion
- Sunspot: a cooler, darker area on the Sun's surface
- Prominence: a large, bright, and hot cloud of gas on the Sun's surface
- Solar flare: a sudden and intense release of energy on the Sun's surface
- Coronal mass ejection: a massive release of energy and plasma from the Sun's corona
- Solar wind: a stream of charged particles emitted by the Sun
Comets, Asteroids, and Meteoroids
- Comets: formed from the Oort cloud, made of ice and dust, and orbit the Sun
- Asteroids: formed from the asteroid belt, made of rock and metal, and orbit the Sun
- Meteoroids: smaller than asteroids, made of metal or rock, and have no fixed path
Inner and Outer Planets
- Inner planets: composed of rock and metal, small in size, and close to the Sun
- Outer planets: composed of gas and ice, large in size, and far from the Sun
Planets and Dwarf Planets
- Planets: large enough to be rounded by their own gravity and have cleared their orbits
- Dwarf planets: not large enough to clear their orbits and have irregular shapes
Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
- Meteoroid: a piece of metal or rock in the solar system
- Meteor: a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and begins to burn up
- Meteorite: a piece of metal or rock that crashed to the Earth's surface and created a crater
Moon Phases
- New moon: the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun
- Full moon: the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun
Lunar and Solar Eclipses
- Lunar eclipse: the Earth blocks the Sun's light from reaching the Moon
- Solar eclipse: the Moon blocks the Sun's light from reaching the Earth
Tides
- Tides are generated by the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on the Earth's oceans
Space Research and Exploration
- Direct benefits: improved technology, medical advancements, and scientific understanding
- Spinoff benefits: indirect benefits, such as improved communication and navigation systems
- Costs: financial, human, and environmental costs
- Issues: funding, safety, and environmental concerns
Microgravity
- Microgravity: a state of weightlessness or low gravity
- Effects on the human body: muscle loss, bone loss, and vision problems
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Description
Review key terms related to the solar system, galaxy, and universe for the SNC1W1 space unit exam. Match definitions with terms such as asteroid, comet, meteor, and more.
