Sleep Disorders (Overview)

<p>Over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Benzodiazepine sedatives (non-BZDs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reserving the bedroom for sleep-related activities only</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>St. John's Wort and chamomile tea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7-10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavioral and lifestyle changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sleep apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narcolepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulant medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modafinil (Provigil)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Headaches and dizziness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High sodium levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insomnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Headaches and dizziness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restless legs syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNS depressant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Taking daytime naps after a poor night's sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Turning the clock face away</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doxepin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tasimelteon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restless Leg Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine imbalance in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gabapentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-3 hours before bedtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pramipexole</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Applying the patch on the same site for more than 14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-drug treatments for insomnia primarily focus on behavioral and lifestyle changes such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and practicing good sleep hygiene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>OTC sleep aids should not be used long-term due to potential side effects and the risk of tolerance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural remedies like St. John's Wort and chamomile tea are not recommended for insomnia treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>headaches, dizziness, anxiety, agitation, risk of severe rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNS depressant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>high sodium levels, part of the REMS Program, classified as a 'date-rape' drug (GHB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some potential side effects of Zolpidem, Zaleplon, and Eszopiclone include somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, and parasomnias (abnormal sleep movements). These drugs also have a black box warning for CNS depression, next-day impairment, respiratory depression, and potential abuse or dependence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The recommended medications for sleep maintenance difficulties include Doxepin, Suvorexant, Eszopiclone, Temazepam, and Zolpidem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some potential side effects of Diphenhydramine and Doxylamine include sedation, tolerance after 10 days, and anti-cholinergic effects such as dry mouth, urinary retention, blurry vision, and constipation. These medications should not be used in individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or glaucoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The commonly prescribed medications for Restless Leg Syndrome include Pramipexole (Mirapex), Ropinirole (Requip), and Rotigotine (Neupro).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modafinil (Provigil) and Amodafinil (Nuvigil) = Headaches, dizziness, anxiety, agitation, and a risk of severe rash Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem) = Dizziness and somnolence Stimulant medications = Psychiatric hallucinations or abnormal dreams</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modafinil (Provigil) and Amodafinil (Nuvigil) = Promoting wakefulness in narcolepsy Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem) = Treatment for narcolepsy and cataplexy Stimulant medications = Treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and sleep paralysis = Narcolepsy Sudden and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep throughout the day and struggle to sleep at night = Narcolepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) = An approach that helps individuals identify and modify negative thoughts and behaviors associated with sleep Good sleep hygiene = Includes creating a sleep-conducive environment and maintaining a regular sleep schedule St. John's Wort and chamomile tea = Natural remedies that may provide relief, although their effectiveness varies Avoiding daytime naps = A practice that can help improve sleep quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids = Should not be used long-term due to potential side effects and the risk of tolerance Non-Benzodiazepine sedatives (non-BZDs) = Generally preferred for long-term use Benzodiazepines (BZDs) = Should be limited to 7-10 days to avoid dependence Diphenhydramine, Melatonin, Tiagabine, Trazodone, and Valerian = Not recommended for insomnia treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sleep-conducive environment = Keeping the bedroom dark, quiet, and comfortable Regular sleep schedule = Helps regulate the body's internal clock Avoid daytime naps = Can interfere with nighttime sleep Bedroom for sleep-related activities only = Helps associate the bedroom with sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zolpidem, Zaleplon, Eszopiclone = First line drug treatments for insomnia Doxepin = Used for sleep maintenance Pramipexole, Ropinirole = Commonly prescribed for Restless Leg Syndrome Gabapentin = Used for Restless Leg Syndrome, dose reduction needed if CrCl is below 62</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zolpidem = Ambien, Zolpimist, Edluar SL, Intermezzo SL Zaleplon = Sonata Eszopiclone = Lunesta Suvorexant = Belsomra</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zolpidem, Zaleplon, Eszopiclone = Somnolence, Dizziness, Ataxia, Parasomnias Suvorexant = Somnolence, Dizziness, Headache, Abnormal dreams Ramelteon = Somnolence, Dizziness Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine = Dry mouth, Urinary retention, Blurry vision, Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zolpidem, Zaleplon, Eszopiclone = Black box warning for CNS depression, next-day impairment, respiratory depression, potential abuse or dependence Ramelteon = Should not be taken with fatty food Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine = Should not be used in individuals with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or glaucoma Gabapentin = May require a reduced dose if the patient's creatinine clearance (CrCl) is below 62</p> Signup and view all the answers