Skydiving Quiz & Flashcards: Safety Procedures at 10,000 Feet

Questions and Answers

How do you avoid the propeller(s) when approaching an aircraft?

Approach fixed-wing aircraft from the rear.

Who is responsible for seat belt use in the aircraft?

Pilot and jumper.

When must seat belts be fastened?

During movement on the surface (taxi), takeoff, and landing.

From whom do you take directions in the event of an aircraft problem?

Instructor. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to exit on 'Go!' (or 'Arch!')?

All students must leave at the right place over the ground. Signup and view all the answers

Where does the wind come from initially upon exit from the aircraft?

Ahead. Signup and view all the answers

Why do skydivers first learn to fall stable face to earth?

It's the best position for deployment. Signup and view all the answers

What does a canopy do immediately following a turn?

Dives. Signup and view all the answers

What are the landing priorities?

Land with wing level and straight, land in a clear area avoiding obstacles, flare to at least half-brake, perform a parachute landing fall. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the landing flare?

To convert forward speed to lift. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the procedure for a hard landing.

Feet and knees together, hands and elbows in, roll on landing. Signup and view all the answers

Who must directly supervise your student training jumps?

USPA Instructor rated for my discipline. Signup and view all the answers

What is your most important task when in freefall?

Altitude awareness to recognize and act at the assigned pull altitude. Signup and view all the answers

What are the maximum winds in which any student may jump?

Ten mph for a round reserve canopy; 14 mph for a ram-air reserve. Signup and view all the answers

How would you clear a pilot chute hesitation?

Change body position to modify the airflow over my back. Signup and view all the answers

In the event of a canopy problem, students should decide to act about executing emergency procedures by what altitude?

2,500 feet. Signup and view all the answers

How would you address twisted lines during a jump?

Spread risers or twist risers, kick in opposite direction, and watch altitude to 2,500 feet. Signup and view all the answers

How would you address a slider that stops halfway down?

Pump rear risers or steering controls while watching altitude to 2,500 feet. Signup and view all the answers

How would you address closed end cells?

Pull toggles to flare position and watch altitude. Signup and view all the answers

How would you address broken lines or other damage?

Determine controllability and ability to flare by 2,500 feet. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action if below 1,000 feet without a landable parachute?

Immediately deploy the reserve parachute. Signup and view all the answers

If the pilot chute goes over the front of the canopy after it has opened, how can you tell if it's a malfunction?

If the canopy flares and turns correctly, it is probably safe to land. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct response to an open container in freefall using a hand-deployed system?

No more than two tries or two seconds to locate and deploy the main pilot chute; if no success, cut away and deploy the reserve. Signup and view all the answers

If part of the deployed parachute is caught on the jumper or the equipment, what is the correct response?

Cut away and deploy the reserve. Signup and view all the answers

If the pilot chute extracts the deployment bag but fails to release the parachute canopy, what is the correct response?

Cut away and deploy the reserve. Signup and view all the answers

What are the compass headings of the runway nearest the DZ at your airport?

Local runway headings. Signup and view all the answers

What compass directions do the runway heading numbers represent?

Cardinal directions of the reference runway. Signup and view all the answers

How long is the longest runway at your airport?

Local runway length. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the three legs of the canopy landing pattern with relation to the wind direction.

Downwind, base, and final. Signup and view all the answers

At what altitude over the ground do aircraft enter the traffic pattern at your airport?

Local pattern entry altitude. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it undesirable to land off the end of a runway?

Because of approaching and departing aircraft. Signup and view all the answers

In flat and stable freefall, how long does it take an average jumper to fall 1,000 feet?

5.5 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct procedure for recovering from instability to the belly-to-earth position?

Altitude, arch, relax legs. Signup and view all the answers

Which is better, to pull at the planned altitude or to fall lower to get stable before pulling?

Pull at the planned altitude, regardless of stability. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the wave-off before deployment?

To signal other jumpers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PLF and why is it important for skydivers?

It protects against hard landings. Signup and view all the answers

What part of the landing pattern is most dangerous to skydivers?

The intersection of the base and final approach legs. Signup and view all the answers

How do higher wind speeds affect the planned landing pattern?

Shortens final approach, shortens base leg, lengthens downwind leg. Signup and view all the answers

In moderately strong winds, how far downwind of an obstacle would you expect to find turbulence?

10-20 times the height of the obstacle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best procedure to use when flying your canopy in turbulent conditions?

Keep the canopy straight line at full flight. Signup and view all the answers

What weather conditions and wind directions are most likely to cause turbulence at your drop zone?

According to the local landing area and obstacles. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to protect your parachute system operation handles when in and around the aircraft?

Keeps them in place and prevents accidental deployment. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the equipment pre-flight strategy to use before putting on your gear.

Top to bottom, back to front. Signup and view all the answers

How does the three-ring main canopy release system disconnect the main parachute from the harness?

Pull the cables to release the cloth loop. Signup and view all the answers

How do you know if a reserve parachute has been packed by an FAA rigger within the last 120 days?

Information found on the reserve packing data card. Signup and view all the answers

How do you know the reserve container has not been opened since the FAA rigger last closed it?

Rigger's packing seal on the reserve ripcord. Signup and view all the answers

If the surface winds are blowing from west to east, which direction will you face to fly the downwind leg of the landing pattern?

East. Signup and view all the answers

What is the wing loading of the parachute you will use on your next jump?

Divide the exit weight by the square footage. Signup and view all the answers

Which canopy size will exhibit quicker control response?

170 SF with a 170-lb jumper. Signup and view all the answers

When is it OK to attempt a stand-up landing?

When the jumper has control of all the variables. Signup and view all the answers

For planned deployment initiation at 3,000 feet, how long should an average-sized jumper fall after exiting at 5,000 feet?

15 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate response to loss of heading control in freefall?

Altitude, arch, relax legs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to avoid a canopy collision when turning?

Look first in the direction of the turn. Signup and view all the answers

What is the quickest and safest way to change heading immediately after opening?

Back riser turn with the brakes still set. Signup and view all the answers

How would you steer a parachute that has a broken brake line?

Use the back risers. Signup and view all the answers

How would you prepare to land a canopy using the back risers to flare?

Practice with rear-riser flares at altitude. Signup and view all the answers

Describe your procedure for landing on a building.

Disconnect the RSL, contact the building feet first, PLF. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the automatic activation device?

To back up the jumper's emergency procedures. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the check of threes.

Check three-ring release system, harness attachment, operation handles. Signup and view all the answers

What must the spotter do to determine what is directly underneath the aircraft during a jump run?

Place head completely outside the aircraft and look straight down. Signup and view all the answers

How far horizontally must jumpers be from any cloud below 10,000 ft MSL?

2,000 feet. Signup and view all the answers

How far horizontally must jumpers be from any cloud at 10,000 feet MSL and above?

One mile. Signup and view all the answers

What are the minimum visibility requirements below 10,000 MSL?

3 miles. Signup and view all the answers

What are the minimum visibility requirements at 10,000 feet and above?

5 miles. Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for a jumper observing cloud clearance requirements?

Jumper and pilot. Signup and view all the answers

According to the BSRs, what is the latest a student may jump?

All student jumps must be completed by sunset. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the technique for determining the point straight below the aircraft during jump run.

Determine two lines from the horizon and find their intersection. Signup and view all the answers

What must the jumper look for below before exiting the aircraft?

Clouds and other aircraft. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a jumper's fall rate when performing rolls, loops, or other freeflying maneuvers?

Increases. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a visual altimeter when it's in the jumper's burble?

Unreliable. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to recover from a stall to full glide?

Smoothly raise the controls. Signup and view all the answers

Describe an aerodynamic stall as it applies to a ram-air canopy.

Stable state of decreased glide and increased rate of descent. Signup and view all the answers

When does a dynamic stall occur?

At the end of a flare when the jumper begins to rock back under the canopy. Signup and view all the answers

What happens after a dynamic stall if the tail is held lower than the nose?

Full stall. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to determine a canopy's optimum flare speed and depth for landing?

Practice different rates of flare entry at different depths. Signup and view all the answers

Describe your procedure for landing in high winds.

Stay downwind of obstacles, face into the wind, disconnect the RSL. Signup and view all the answers

How many A-lines does a nine-cell canopy have?

<ol start="10"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

To what part of the canopy do the steering lines connect?

Tail or trailing edge. Signup and view all the answers

What lines go through the rear slider grommets?

C, D, and brakes. Signup and view all the answers

Where does the main pilot chute bridle attach to the canopy?

Top center. Signup and view all the answers

Who may pack a main parachute?

FAA rigger or a person under rigger's supervision. Signup and view all the answers

How often do the main and reserve parachute need to be packed?

Every 120 days. Signup and view all the answers

Who is in command of the aircraft?

Pilot. Signup and view all the answers

Name 2 purposes for wearing seat belts in an aircraft.

To maintain the correct balance and for protection in a crash. Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible that the aircraft is in condition for safe flight?

Pilot. Signup and view all the answers

Above what altitude MSL is the pilot of an unpressurized aircraft required to breathe supplemental oxygen?

14,000 ft. Signup and view all the answers

Above what altitude MSL are all occupants of an unpressurized aircraft required to be provided with supplemental oxygen?

15,000 ft. Signup and view all the answers

In an aircraft with the exit door near the back, what must jumpers do to maintain the balance during exit procedures?

Remain forward until it is time for their group to exit. Signup and view all the answers

What is the biggest danger to a jumper when flying the canopy pattern?

Other canopies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to avoid a canopy collision?

See and remain clear of other jumpers. Signup and view all the answers

How does the RSL work?

Forms a separable link between main riser and reserve ripcord. Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if the main riser attached to the RSL breaks?

The reserve deploys with the main still attached by the other riser. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to prevent risers from breaking?

Inspection and maintenance; correct packing and stable deployment. Signup and view all the answers

Name one way to prevent a dual deployment.

Deploy the main parachute at the correct altitude to avoid AAD activation. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally the best action to take in a biplane scenario?

Release the brakes on the front canopy only and steer that canopy gently. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally the best action to take in a side-by-side scenario?

Release the brakes on the dominant canopy and steer gently. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally the best action to take in a downplane scenario?

Release the RSL (if time) and cut away. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to change the direction of canopy flight while conserving altitude?

Braked turns. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a canopy is controlled too deeply in the brakes?

Stalls. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Aircraft and Safety Procedures

Approach fixed-wing aircraft from the rear to avoid propellers.
The pilot and jumper share responsibility for seat belt use.
Seat belts must be fastened during taxiing, takeoff, and landing.
Directions in the event of an aircraft problem are provided by the instructor.

Jumping Protocols

Exiting on "Go!" signals correct timing for jumpers.
Wind initially comes from directly ahead when exiting the aircraft.
Stable freefall face down is optimal for safe parachute deployment.
After a turn, a canopy typically dives momentarily.

Landing Techniques

Prioritize landing with wings level and in a straight line, avoiding obstacles, completing a flare, and executing a parachute landing fall (PLF).
The landing flare converts forward speed into lift for a softer landing.
Execute a PLF by keeping feet and knees together, hands in, and rolling upon landing.

Training and Supervision

All student training jumps must be directly supervised by a USPA instructor rated for the discipline.
Applications of altitude awareness during freefall are critical for recognizing pull altitude.

Wind and Emergency Procedures

Maximum winds for student jumps: 10 mph for round canopies; 14 mph for ram-air reserves, with potential waivers.
Canopy issues should prompt action at 2,500 feet.
Clear a pilot chute hesitation by altering body position.

Canopy and Parachute Management

Address twisted lines by spreading or kicking risers before releasing brakes to maintain altitude awareness.
A slider that stops halfway can be fixed by pumping rear risers whilst monitoring altitude.
Closed end cells can be managed by holding toggles or back risers while checking controllability before 2,500 feet.
Cut away and deploy reserve in case of broken lines or damage.

Visibility requirements: 3 miles below 10,000 ft MSL; 5 miles at 10,000 ft and above.
Jumper must maintain a minimum distance of 2,000 feet from clouds below 10,000 ft and one mile at higher altitudes.
Vertical and horizontal spacing is critical before jumping and when establishing landing patterns.

Freefall and Flight Dynamics

Average fall time from 5,000 feet to 3,000 feet is about 15 seconds.
A stable fall can be compromised by performing acrobatic maneuvers, which increase fall rates.
The visual altimeter becomes unreliable in turbulent conditions.

Emergency Scenarios and Responses

In the case of an open container in freefall, deploy the main pilot chute within two seconds before cutting away and using the reserve if unsuccessful.
If turbulence is anticipated, approach downwind obstacles cautiously—expect turbulence within 10-20 times the obstacle height.

Equipment and Maintenance

RSL connects between main riser and reserve ripcord; activating the reserve upon main canopy cutaway.
Ensure parachute packs are completed every 120 days, with attention to packing seals for reserve containers.
Regular inspection and appropriate maintenance of equipment prevent failure and enhance safety.

Canopy Flight and Landings

High wind landings require advanced preparation, maintaining altitude awareness, and executing a proper PLF.
During turns, visual awareness of surrounding jumpers is crucial to avoid collisions.
Maintaining the canopy in a full flight straight line is essential during turbulent conditions to ensure control.

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Description

Explore essential safety protocols and techniques for skydiving, including aircraft approach, jumping protocols, and landing methods. This quiz covers vital information to ensure a safe and smooth skydiving experience, emphasizing the importance of training and supervision.

Skydiving Safety Procedures