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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of attaching battens to a pilot ladder?
What is the primary purpose of attaching battens to a pilot ladder?
Which officer must meet the pilot when they come aboard?
Which officer must meet the pilot when they come aboard?
What is the function of a shroud on a ship?
What is the function of a shroud on a ship?
When a ship is in port, where should the national ensign be flown from?
When a ship is in port, where should the national ensign be flown from?
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Which knot is appropriate for securing a smaller circumference rope to a larger one?
Which knot is appropriate for securing a smaller circumference rope to a larger one?
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What is the method to support the weight of a ship?
What is the method to support the weight of a ship?
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Which type of ship operates without a fixed schedule?
Which type of ship operates without a fixed schedule?
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What is the difference between load displacement of 30,000 pounds and light displacement of 10,000 pounds?
What is the difference between load displacement of 30,000 pounds and light displacement of 10,000 pounds?
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Which command indicates putting the rudder over 30 degrees?
Which command indicates putting the rudder over 30 degrees?
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What term describes individuals who inspect ships for seaworthiness?
What term describes individuals who inspect ships for seaworthiness?
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What does 'freeing ports' on a vessel accomplish?
What does 'freeing ports' on a vessel accomplish?
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What is the function of a cleat on a ship?
What is the function of a cleat on a ship?
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What is a block in nautical terms?
What is a block in nautical terms?
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What is the maximum length of a spreader (twist batten)?
What is the maximum length of a spreader (twist batten)?
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Which type of shackle is appropriate for securing a bosun chair when persons are working aloft?
Which type of shackle is appropriate for securing a bosun chair when persons are working aloft?
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When underway on a merchant ship, from where should the ensign be flown?
When underway on a merchant ship, from where should the ensign be flown?
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What does a relative bearing of 3 points on the port bow correspond to?
What does a relative bearing of 3 points on the port bow correspond to?
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What is the purpose of a turnbuckle on a ship?
What is the purpose of a turnbuckle on a ship?
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What must be done when securing for sea on a ship?
What must be done when securing for sea on a ship?
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Which material corresponds to the strongest natural fiber rope?
Which material corresponds to the strongest natural fiber rope?
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What should be the action if a watchstander believes that their relief isn't fit for duty?
What should be the action if a watchstander believes that their relief isn't fit for duty?
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Which of the following is not a component of paint?
Which of the following is not a component of paint?
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What is indicated by the deep load lines painted on the side of every ship?
What is indicated by the deep load lines painted on the side of every ship?
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Study Notes
Merchant Marine
- Vital to US economy and world economy
- The merchant marine is crucial for transporting goods and materials globally, contributing to the US economy and world trade.
- Key role in global economy.
- Vital to maintaining economic stability and prosperity.
Transportation Modes
- Trucking is the most flexible transportation mode due to its ability to reach a wide variety of destinations and handle various types of cargo.
Intermodal Transportation
- Made possible by the use of containers, allowing for efficient transfer of goods between different modes of transport (e.g., ships, trucks, trains).
Ship Displacement and Tonnage
- Registered Ton is a measurement of volume, equaling 100 cubic feet.
Deadweight Tonnage
- Deadweight Tonnage (DWT) is the difference between the ship's load displacement (full cargo) and light displacement (empty).
- DWT = Load Displacement - Light Displacement.
Ship Support
- Hydrostatic Displacement is the method used to support the weight of a ship.
- The ship floats because the weight of water it displaces equals the ship's own weight.
Rudder Commands
- Full Rudder is a rudder command requiring the rudder to be put over 30 degrees.
Block and Tackle
- A Block and Tackle system provides mechanical advantage when the hauling part (rope) moves through the movable part (block).
Knots
- Figure 8 Knot is a stopper knot used to prevent a rope from slipping through a hole or eye.
- Bowline creates a temporary eye at the end of a rope, useful for forming loops and securing objects.
Ship's Crew
- Chief Mate is a licensed officer responsible for the ship's cargo, safety, and navigation.
Ship Types
- Tramp Ship is a vessel that operates without a fixed schedule or route, taking on cargo as available.
Watch Officer Responsibilities
- Before taking over the watch, the watch officer must perform several tasks, including:
- Checking the ship's logbook
- Assessing the weather conditions
- Ensuring all equipment is operational.
Mooring Lines
- Forward Spring Line is a mooring line used to hold a ship's bow in place.
- Riding Choke is a mooring line used to control the ship's movement in a specific direction.
- Hause Pipe is the opening on deck where mooring lines are secured to the bitts.
- Shank is the main body of an anchor.
- Fluke is the part of an anchor that digs into the seabed.
- Stopper is a short piece of line used to apply tension to a mooring line.
- Cleat is a common fitting found on both ships and piers that secures mooring lines.
Anchor Operations
- One Shot of anchor chain equals 25 fathoms (150 feet).
- Anchors Away: Announces that the anchor is no longer touching the seabed.
Fittings
- Bitts are two-horned steel fittings on the ship's deck where mooring lines are secured.
Marine Safety
- Marine Surveyors inspect ships to determine their seaworthiness.
Marine Navigation and Charts
- FWA: A chart correction notification.
- F/S: Chart correction notification, meaning the chart is affected.
Wire Rope Safety
- Correct way to secure wire rope with wire clips: The wire clip must be installed with the U bolt facing the load so the clip's short leg is on the dead end of the rope.
Vessel Components
- Sheave is a grooved wheel in a block that rotates, allowing a rope to run through it.
- Freeing Ports on decks with solid bulwarks allow water to be drained off the decks.
- Luf is a type of block and tackle configuration.
- Becket is a metal ring at the bottom of a block to which the tackle is attached.
- Quarter: The area on either side of the stern of a ship.
Pilot Ladders and Acom Ladders
- Battens are attached to pilot ladders to prevent twisting when a person climbs.
- Acom Ladder must be rigged in combination with pilot ladder for a minimum height of 9 meters as per CFR regulations.
- Veil: a vertical safety net on an Acom ladder.
- Lower Plaquard: the lower section of the Acom ladder.
- Spreader: a twist batten on an Acom ladder, measuring 5ft 10 inches in length.
- Batten: not part of an Acom ladder.
Wire Rope Inspection
- When inspecting wire rope, look for:
- Broken wires
- Excessive wear
- Corrosion
Steel Rust Prevention
- Painting over steel rust does not stop the rusting process.
- Primer is used to create a barrier between paint and the steel surface, preventing rust.
- A proper primer and paint system is required for effective rust protection.
Paint Components
- Acid is not a component of paint.
Natural Line Components
- The lay is a component of natural line referring to the twist in the strands.
Lifeboat Operations
- "Avast" is a command given to stop all operations and secure lines, used during lifeboat operations.
Rope Terminology
- The lay of a rope refers to the direction of the twist in its strands.
Watertight Doors
- Dogs are steel fittings with handles used to force the fittings of watertight doors securely into place.
Bearings
- A relative bearing of 3 points on the port bow equates to 1 point (compass point).
Shipboard Rigging
- Athwart Ships: Describes something positioned or rigged across the ship's width.
Ship Flags and Ensigns
- Ensign: the national flag of a ship, flown from the gaff while underway, and the flagstaff in port.
- Jack staff: a pole on the bow where the jack (national flag) is flown in port.
- Union Jack: a flag with the national symbol.
Ship Structure
- A Ladder is any vertical or inclined set of steps.
- Port Quarter: the area on the left side of the ship's stern.
- Shroud: a strong wire rope used to support a mast athwart ships.
Ship Terminology
- Small Stuff: a rope smaller than 1 3/4 inches in diameter.
Dry Docks
- Floating Dry Docks and** Graving Dry Docks** are two common types of dry docks used for removing ship hulls for maintenance and repairs.
Watch Standing
- If a watchstander believes the relief is unfit for duty, they must inform the officer of the watch.
- A square vertical flag indicates a pilot is aboard.
- A red flag with a Bravo flag indicates a hazardous cargo.
Shipboard Movement
- Below: Refers to moving from an upper deck to a lower deck.
- Aloft: Going to higher parts of the ship, like climbing the mast.
Seaman's Responsibilities
- A lookout should have no other duties.
- A helmsman can have other duties while steering.
Security at Sea
- When securing for sea, several actions must be taken, including:
- Ensuring all hatches are closed and secured
- Making sure all cargo is properly stowed
- Checking for any loose items on deck or in the engine room.
Ship Logs and Records
- Each entry in the garbage record book is signed by the officer on watch.
- The master's orders must be repeated by the helmsman.
Anchor Chain
- Alternate heavy and light anchor chain indicates the anchor is not holding properly.
Wire Rope Construction
- A 6x37 wire rope has 6 strands, each containing 37 wires.
Crane Operations
- The crane operator must follow signals from the signal person, except for emergency stops.
- Taglines are used to prevent the load from swinging or lifting too quickly.
Crane Safety
- All crane safety rules should be followed at all times.
Load Lines
- Load lines painted on the side of a ship indicate the deepest legal draft.
Crane Operation Signals
- K1: Hoist up on a crane.
- K16: Stop on a crane.
- K10: Swing or slew the boom on a crane.
MARPOL
- MARPOL Annex V concerns ship's garbage disposal.
Freeboard
- Freeboard is the distance between the waterline and the deck, measuring reserve buoyancy.
Marpol Special Areas
- The Pacific Ocean is not a MARPOL special area
Rope Strength
- High Modulus Polyethylene rope is the strongest, using the same type of construction.
Natural Fiber Ropes
- Manilla is the strongest natural fiber rope.
- Nylon is the most stretchy and dangerous due to its snap-back effect.
Turnbuckle
- A Turnbuckle is a device used to adjust the tension of a wire rope or stay.
Seaman Duties
- It is true that a lookout assigned to the watch has no other responsibilities.
- It is false that a helmsman has no other duties while steering.
Garbage Record Book
- Each entry in the garbage record book must be signed by the officer on watch.
Master's Orders
- The master's order must be repeated by the helmsman.
Anchor Chain Monitoring
- When observing the anchor chain running out, alternating heavy and light chain indicates the anchor is not securely holding the bottom.
Wire Rope Construction
- The "6" in a 6x37 wire rope refers to the number of strands.
Crane Operations
- The crane operator is only allowed to take directions from the signal person, except for emergency stops.
Taglines
- Taglines are attached to the load and line for the purpose of preventing the load from swinging or lifting.
Crane Safety
- All crane safety regulations should be followed for safe operation.
Load Lines
- The load lines painted on a ship's sides indicate the deepest legal draft for safe operation.
Crane Operation Signals
- K1: Hoist up on a crane.
- K 16: Stop on a crane.
- K 10: Swing or slew the boom on a crane.
Plastics at Sea
- It is never permissible to throw plastics overboard.
MARPOL Annex V
- Marpol Annex V focuses on ship's garbage and waste disposal.
Freeboard
- Freeboard is the measure of reserve buoyancy remaining on a vessel.
MARPOL Special Areas
- The Pacific Ocean is not a MARPOL special area.
- MARPOL special areas are specific geographic regions that have stricter regulations regarding pollution.
Rope Strength
- High Modulus Polyethylene is the strongest rope type, when compared using the same construction.
Rope Types
- Manilla is the strongest natural fiber rope known.
- Nylon is the most elastic and dangerous rope because of its snap-back effect.
Turnbuckle
- A turnbuckle is a device used to adjust the tension on wire rope or stays.
- It helps maintain the proper tension and support for rigging.
Seaman Duties
- It is true that a lookout assigned to a specific watch must have no other duties.
- A lookout is responsible for observing the sea and horizon for navigation and safety.
Helming
- It is false that a helmsman has no other duties while steering.
- A helmsman can perform other tasks under the supervision of the officer on watch, as long as it doesn't interfere with safe steering.
Ship's Logs and Records
- It is mandatory to have each entry in the garbage record book signed by the officer on watch.
- This ensures accountability and transparency regarding garbage handling on board.
Master's Orders
- It is crucial for the helmsman to repeat the orders given by the master.
- This communication reinforces the command and confirms understanding.
Anchor Chain
- When observing an uneven flow of anchor chain, alternating heavy and light, it indicates the anchor is not holding securely to the seabed.
Wire Rope Construction
- The "6" in 6x37 wire rope signifies the number of strands.
Crane Operations
- The crane operator must follow signals from the signal person, except for emergency stops.
- This promotes safe and coordinated crane operations.
Taglines
- Taglines are essential for preventing swinging and uncontrolled lifting of loads by cranes.
Crane Safety
- Adhering to all crane safety regulations is non-negotiable for safe operation.
Load Lines
- The load lines painted on a ship's sides help determine the deepest legal draft.
Crane Operation Signals
- K1: Command to hoist up the load on a crane.
- K 16: Signal to stop the crane operation.
- K 10: Signal to swing or slew the boom of the crane
Plastics at Sea
- Throwing plastics overboard is strictly prohibited.
MARPOL Annex V
- Marpol Annex V focuses on regulating the disposal of garbage from ships.
Freeboard
- Freeboard refers to the distance between the waterline and a ship's weather deck.
MARPOL Special Areas
- The Pacific Ocean is not a MARPOL special area.
Rope Strength
- High Modulus Polyethylene is the strongest rope type, when compared using the same construction.
Rope Types
- Manilla is the strongest natural fiber rope known.
- Nylon is the most elastic and dangerous rope because of its snap-back effect.
Turnbuckle
- A turnbuckle is a device used to adjust the tension on wire rope or stays.
- It helps maintain the proper tension and support for rigging.
Seaman Duties
- It is true that a lookout assigned to a specific watch must have no other duties.
- A lookout is responsible for observing the sea and horizon for navigation and safety.
Helming
- It is false that a helmsman has no other duties while steering.
- A helmsman can perform other tasks under the supervision of the officer on watch, as long as it doesn't interfere with safe steering.
Ship's Logs and Records
- It is mandatory to have each entry in the garbage record book signed by the officer on watch.
- This ensures accountability and transparency regarding garbage handling on board.
Master's Orders
- It is crucial for the helmsman to repeat the orders given by the master.
- This communication reinforces the command and confirms understanding.
Anchor Chain
- When observing an uneven flow of anchor chain, alternating heavy and light, it indicates the anchor is not holding securely to the seabed.
Wire Rope Construction
- The "6" in 6x37 wire rope signifies the number of strands.
Crane Operations
- The crane operator must follow signals from the signal person, except for emergency stops.
- This promotes safe and coordinated crane operations.
Taglines
- Taglines are essential for preventing swinging and uncontrolled lifting of loads by cranes.
Crane Safety
- Adhering to all crane safety regulations is non-negotiable for safe operation.
Load Lines
- The load lines painted on a ship's sides help determine the deepest legal draft.
Crane Operation Signals
- K1: Command to hoist up the load on a crane.
- K 16: Signal to stop the crane operation.
- K 10: Signal to swing or slew the boom of the crane
Plastics at Sea
- Throwing plastics overboard is strictly prohibited.
MARPOL Annex V
- Marpol Annex V focuses on regulating the disposal of garbage from ships.
Freeboard
- Freeboard refers to the distance between the waterline and a ship's weather deck.
MARPOL Special Areas
- The Pacific Ocean is not a MARPOL special area.
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