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Questions and Answers
What are key factors CIOs consider when selecting projects?
What is the first phase of project management?
Initiation
Match the following project development methodologies with their descriptions:
Waterfall Development = Linear and sequential project management Agile Development = Methodologies that emphasize iterative development and customer feedback Rapid Application Development = Focuses on quick development and iteration Extreme Programming = Emphasizes customer satisfaction and teamwork
The process of assigning projected values for time and effort is known as _____
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Portfolio management ignores different types of projects within an organization.
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What is a critical success factor for project management?
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Name one reason why projects are often rejected.
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Which project management phase follows planning?
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What is the purpose of a feasibility study in project selection?
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Agile development methodologies minimize face-to-face communication.
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Study Notes
Project Selection and Management
- CIOs face the challenge of selecting projects providing the highest return on IT investments.
- Project portfolio management is crucial for IT departments.
- A selected system development project needs a thorough project management process.
- Realistic assessment at the beginning and subsequent management are vital for project success.
Project Management Steps
- Select the appropriate development methodology.
- Estimate the time needed based on project size.
- List all necessary steps.
- Determine staff requirements.
- Assign tasks and implement coordination mechanisms for team members.
- Monitor project progress.
- Refine estimates as work progresses.
Organizational Perspective on Projects
- Organizations need to balance costs and benefits of project selection.
- Trade-offs are required.
- The percentage of high-risk projects within the overall portfolio is a factor to consider.
- Reasons for project rejection include lack of funds, planned organizational changes, similar projects already underway, and misalignment with company strategy.
Project Selection
- System projects are evaluated within the context of the entire project portfolio.
- Feasibility studies are crucial to determine the project's contribution to the portfolio.
- Portfolio management considers the diverse types of projects within an organization.
- Approval committees prioritize allocating limited resources to high-payoff projects.
- If multiple high-payoff projects with similar risks exist, only one may be selected.
Project Planning
- Project management phases include initiation, planning, execution, control, and enclosure.
Project Methodology Options
- A methodology is a formalized approach to implementing the SDLC.
- Methodologies include Waterfall Development, Parallel Development, V-model, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Iterative Development, System Prototyping and Agile Development.
Waterfall Development
- A sequential software development process.
Parallel Development
- A software development process that involves multiple teams working on different parts of the project simultaneously.
V-model
- A variation of the Waterfall Development emphasizing testing at each stage.
Rapid Application Development (RAD)
- A software development methodology that emphasizes rapid prototyping and iterative development.
Iterative Development (RAD)
- A process where the project is developed in cycles, and each cycle builds upon the previous one.
System Prototyping (RAD)
- A software development methodology that involves creating a working prototype of the system before a final version.
Throwaway Prototyping
- A prototyping method where the prototype is discarded after it has been used to gather requirements and feedback.
Agile Development
- A group of programming-centric methodologies simplifying the SDLC.
- Encourages face-to-face communication.
- Extreme programming prioritizes customer satisfaction and teamwork.
Extreme Programming
- A software development methodology emphasizing frequent releases, continuous testing, and close collaboration between developers and customers.
Selecting the Appropriate Development Methodology
- Key factors for choosing the appropriate development methodology:
- Clarity of user requirements
- Familiarity with technology
- System complexity
- System reliability
- Short time schedules
- Schedule visibility
Estimating the Project Time Frame
- Development methodologies aim to accelerate project completion while maintaining quality.
- The project manager's primary task is developing a time plan, regardless of the project's criticality.
- Estimation involves assigning projected values for time and effort.
- Estimation can be performed manually or with software, such as Construx Estimate, Costar, and KnowledgePLAN.
- Numbers for calculations are sourced from various sources, including the chosen methodology.
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