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Questions and Answers
Which layer of the epidermis is primarily responsible for the synthesis of melanin?
Which layer of the epidermis is primarily responsible for the synthesis of melanin?
What type of connective tissue is found in the thinner, superficial layer of the dermis?
What type of connective tissue is found in the thinner, superficial layer of the dermis?
Which receptor is primarily associated with touch sensation in the skin?
Which receptor is primarily associated with touch sensation in the skin?
How many layers are typically found in areas of thick skin, such as the palms and soles?
How many layers are typically found in areas of thick skin, such as the palms and soles?
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Which statement correctly describes the characteristics of the papillary layer of the dermis?
Which statement correctly describes the characteristics of the papillary layer of the dermis?
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What type of epithelium is found in the non-hairy skin areas like the palms and soles?
What type of epithelium is found in the non-hairy skin areas like the palms and soles?
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Which type of cell is responsible for pigmentation in the skin?
Which type of cell is responsible for pigmentation in the skin?
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Which layer of the epidermis is known for its granular appearance due to keratohyaline granules?
Which layer of the epidermis is known for its granular appearance due to keratohyaline granules?
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What is the primary function of the cells in the basal cell layer of the epidermis?
What is the primary function of the cells in the basal cell layer of the epidermis?
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Which layer of the epidermis contains dead, flattened cells that shed continuously?
Which layer of the epidermis contains dead, flattened cells that shed continuously?
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Which structure is NOT a part of the skin according to the histology content?
Which structure is NOT a part of the skin according to the histology content?
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Which statement correctly describes the function of keratinocytes?
Which statement correctly describes the function of keratinocytes?
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Which feature distinguishes the clear layer (Stratum Lucidum) of the epidermis?
Which feature distinguishes the clear layer (Stratum Lucidum) of the epidermis?
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What distinguishes the dermal papillae found in the papillary layer of the dermis?
What distinguishes the dermal papillae found in the papillary layer of the dermis?
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Which of the following cells in the epidermis serves as antigen-presenting cells?
Which of the following cells in the epidermis serves as antigen-presenting cells?
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What is a distinguishing feature of the thicker skin found in areas like the palms and soles compared to thinner skin?
What is a distinguishing feature of the thicker skin found in areas like the palms and soles compared to thinner skin?
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In the context of skin histology, which type of connective tissue is predominant in the reticular layer of the dermis?
In the context of skin histology, which type of connective tissue is predominant in the reticular layer of the dermis?
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Which sensory receptor is primarily associated with detecting deep pressure and vibration in the skin?
Which sensory receptor is primarily associated with detecting deep pressure and vibration in the skin?
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What type of cells primarily make up the basal cell layer of the epidermis?
What type of cells primarily make up the basal cell layer of the epidermis?
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What is the composition of the clear layer (Stratum Lucidum) of the epidermis?
What is the composition of the clear layer (Stratum Lucidum) of the epidermis?
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Which layer contains granules that help in waterproofing the skin?
Which layer contains granules that help in waterproofing the skin?
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What type of granules are responsible for the skin's barrier against foreign bodies?
What type of granules are responsible for the skin's barrier against foreign bodies?
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What is the primary function of the Langerhans cells in the skin?
What is the primary function of the Langerhans cells in the skin?
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Which statement correctly describes the squames found in the outermost layer of the skin?
Which statement correctly describes the squames found in the outermost layer of the skin?
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Which of the following best describes the cells in the prickle cell layer (Stratum Spinosum)?
Which of the following best describes the cells in the prickle cell layer (Stratum Spinosum)?
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What characteristic is used to identify the stratum spinosum under a microscope?
What characteristic is used to identify the stratum spinosum under a microscope?
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Study Notes
Skin Histology
- Skin is classified as thick or thin
- Thick skin: Found on palms and soles, non-hairy
- Thin skin: Covers most of the body, hairy
Layers of Skin
- Epidermis: Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
- Dermis: Connective tissue
- Hypodermis: Subcutaneous adipose tissue; not part of the skin
Epidermal Cell Types
- Keratinocytes: 85% of epidermal cells
- Melanocytes: Produce melanin
- Langerhans cells: Phagocytic and antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
- Merkel cells: Receptors for touch sensation
Keratinocyte Layers
-
Malpighian layer (2 layers):
- Basal cell layer: Single layer of columnar cells
- Prickle cell layer (Stratum Spinosum): 4-8 layers of polyhedral cells
-
Granular layer (Stratum Granulosum) : Diamond-shaped flattened cells
- Contains keratohyaline and lamellar granules
- Clear layer (Stratum Lucidum): Thin transparent layer of dead cells, only present in thick skin
- Horny layer (Stratum Corneum): Many layers of flattened, dead keratinocytes (squames)
Dermal Layers
- Papillary layer: Loose connective tissue, more vascular, forms dermal papillae which contain Meissner corpuscles
- Reticular layer: Dense connective tissue, less vascular, containing Pacinian corpuscles, Krause end bulbs, and Ruffini corpuscles
Differences Between Thick and Thin Skin (Epidermis)
| Feature | Thick Skin | Thin Skin |
|---|---|---|
| Epidermal layers | 4-8 | 2-4 |
| Stratum lucidum | Present | Absent |
| Surface ridges/grooves | Present (fingerprints) | Absent |
Differences Between Thick and Thin Skin (Dermis)
| Feature | Thick Skin | Thin Skin |
|---|---|---|
| Dermal papillae | Regular | Irregular, fewer |
| Sweat glands | More numerous | Less numerous |
| Hair follicles | Absent | Present |
| Sebaceous glands | Absent | Present |
| Arrector pili muscle | Absent | Present |
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